• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2020

In this study, numerical analysis was carried out on a complex pressure field of blast waves caused by the detonation of high explosives in various environments. The generated blast waves propagated in the air, upon the sudden release of high energy induced by the explosion. Reflected waves were created when the pressure waves encountered certain obstacles such as the ground or the walls of structures. The propagation of the blast waves and its interaction with the reflected waves were simulated. An adaptive mesh refinement was applied to improve the efficiency of distribution of computer resource, for the computational calculation of the blast wave propagation in a wide open space. In addition, the integration of the calculation domains for the explosive and air were considered when the maximum density of the explosive region was below critical value. The results were verified by comparison with the pressure time history from blast wave experiments performed under two topographical conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 1996

The skewness of near-bottom velocity distribution caused by the nonlinear interaction of the second order waves proposed by Wells (1967) has been re-evaluated. The direction of cross-shore sediment transport was related to the sign of the third moment (skewness) of velocity distribution, and a new concept of neutral depth which can explain the recovery of beach equilibrium after a disturbance is suggested. The seasonal change of beach profile due to the change of wave condition (storm-swell profile) is interpreted in terms of nonlinear interaction of the waves rather than the conventional wave steepness. The beach is eroded (storm profile) when the nonlinear interaction of the waves is strong (storm wave), whereas the beach is accreted (swell profile) when the nonlinear interaction is weak (swell wave).

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2007

Abnormally high waves occurring at the east coast of korea were observed at five field measurement stations and their characteristics were analyzed with the use of wind data provided by the Korean Meteorological Administration. The high waves occurred because strong Donghae twister that was developed by extratropical cyclone blew while high swell arrived at the east coast of Korea. At Sokcho, the most northern site among the five measurement stations, maximum gust speed was 63.7 m/s and significant wave height reached at its maximum of 9.69 m with the corresponding peak wave period of 12.8 s. The reason for appearance of the abnormally high waves is that high swell continued while the twister blew strongly. Moreover, the wind direction was the same as the direction of swell propagation, which maximizes the increase of wave height due to superposition of swell and wind-generated waves. On the east coast of Korea, outbreak of this type of storm waves is very probable in winter season so that it is requested to establish a countermeasure of minimizing possible damage caused by the storm waves.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.39-39
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• 2001

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.419-430
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• 2005

We have carried out a statistical analysis on solar wind dynamic pressure pulses during geomagnetic storms. The Dst index was used to identify 111 geomagnetic storms that occurred in the time interval from 1997 through 2001. We have selected only the events having the minimum Dst value less than -50 nT. In order to identify the pressure impact precisely, we have used the horizontal component data of the magnetic field H (northward) at low latitudes as well as the solar wind pressure data themselves. Our analysis leads to the following results: (1) The enhancement of H due to a pressure pulse tends to be proportional to the magnitude of minimum Dst value; (2) The occurrence frequency of pressure pulses also increases with storm intensity. (3) For about $30\%$ of our storms, the occurrence frequency of pressure pulses is greater than $0.4\#/hr$, implying that to. those storms the pressure pulses occur more frequently than do periodic substorms with an average substorm duration of 2.5 hrs. In order to understand the origin of these pressure pulses, we have first examined responsible storm drivers. It turns out that $65\%$ of the studied storms we driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) while others are associated with corotating interaction regions $(6.3\%)$ or Type II bursts $(7.2\%)$. Out of the storms that are driven by CMEs, over $70\%$ show that the main phase interval overlaps with the sheath, namely, the region between CME body and the shock, and with the leading region of a CME. This suggests that the origin of the frequent pressure pulses is often due to density fluctuations in the sheath region and the leading edge of the CME body.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2014

In recent years, strong typhoons have passed South Korea almost every year and severe damages were incurred directly and indirectly. However, instances where wave and wind data were procured from the offshore approach path of the typhoon are very rare and thus researchers are experiencing difficulties in obtaining calibration and verification data of typhoon-generated wave modeling. This paper provides a synthesis of records of observations by the Korea Meteorological Administration and Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology on storm waves generated by the typhoons SONGDA, NABI, and SHANSHAN that passed from 2004 to 2006 in order to help researchers interested in typhoon-generated wave numerical modeling. Although the trajectories of typhoon NABI and SHANSHAN were east of the Korea Strait, a significant wave height of 8.3 m was measured at Namhyeongjedo located east of Geojedo. Moreover, an unprecedented significant wave height of 12.2 m was measured for both typhoons at a station 1.4 km away from Yeongil Bay breakwater. Meanwhile, a comparative analysis of data obtained with a ocean data buoy at Geojedo and a Directional Waverider at Namhyeongjedo showed maximum wave heights that were similar but considerably different significant wave heights.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.273-283
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• 2020

Numerical simulations of the storm surge and waves induced by the Typhoon Bolaven incident on the west sea of Korea in 2012 are performed using the JMA-MSM weather field provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency, and the calculated surge heights are compared with the time history observed at harbours along the various coasts of Korea. For the waves occurring coincidentally with the storm surges the calculated significant wave heights are compared with the data measured using the wave buoys operated by the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency and the Korea Meteorological Administration. Additional simulations are also performed based on the pressure and wind fields obtained using the best track information provided by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, and the calculated results are compared and analyzed. The waves and storm surges calculated using JMA-MSM wether field agree well with the observations because of the better reflection of the topography and the pre-background weather field. On the other hand, the calculated results based on the weather fields produced using the JTWC best track information show some limitations of the general trend of the variations of wave and surge heights. Based on the results of this study it is found that the reliable weather fields are essential for the accurate simulation of storm surges and waves.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 2002

To investigate long-period wave responses in Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon, field measurements were made for long-and short-period waves and current velocities using a Directional Waverider, a ultrasonic-type wave gauge, four pressure-type wave gauges, and a current meter. From the data analysis, it was found that the Helmholtz resonant periods of Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon are about 13.6 and 54.5 minutes, respectively, and the dominant period of wave induced current in the passage between Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon is about 55.2 minutes which depends on Helmholtz resonant condition of the Cheongcho lagoon. It was also found that the energy level of the far-infra-gravity waves during storm conditions is very high compared with that during calm sea conditions. To investigate relationships between far-infra-gravity waves and short-period waves at offshore station, regression analyses were carried out especially for 1) heights, 2) periods, 3) direction and height, 4) height and period between short-and far-infra-gravity waves, respectively. The results showed that the long-period wave height is highly correlated with the short-period wave height. However, no special trend was found for the other relations. In the future far-infra-gravity wave heights on return period around Sokcho Harbor region can be suggested by using extreme value analyses of long term measured data.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.147-164
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• 2015

This study analyzed characteristics and tendencies of seasonal change on shoreline and beach with 8 beaches at East Sea coast by topographical survey for 2 years from March 2012 to February 2013. The shorelines of East Sea coast appeared that amount of seasonal change was bigger than amount of annual change. The seasonal change tendencies between Gangwon-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do coast areas existed some regional differences. To synthesize seasonal changes on 8 beaches of East Sea coast, shoreline advance and beach deposit showed clearly in summer and shoreline retreat and beach erosion showed clearly in autumn. This result is different from tendencies of seasonal change in many mid-latitude coast areas of the world, but generally corresponds with reference studies in west coast and east coast. The major factor of beach erosion showing mostly in summer is storm wave caused by typhoon. The beach erosion by storm wave also occurred in late winter. And it assumes that the beach deposit showing mostly in autumn is result of equilibrium processes of coast area against strong erosion in summer.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2008

In this paper, the analysis of impact damage behavior of a reinforced concrete structure that undergoes both a shock impulsive loading and an impact loading due to the air blast induced from an explosion is performed. Firstly, a pair of multiple loadings are selected from the scenario that an imaginary explosion accident is assumed. The RC structures strengthened with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are considered as a scheme for retrofitting RC wall structures subjected to multiple explosive loadings and then the evaluation of the resistant performance against them is presented in comparison with the result of the evaluation of a RC structure without a retrofit. Also, in order to derive the result of the analysis similar to that of real explosion experiments, which require the vast investment and expense for facilities, the constitutive equation and the equation of state (EOS) which can describe the real impact and shock phenomena accurately are included with them. In addition, the numerical simulations of two concrete structures are achieved using AUTODYN-3D, an explicit analysis program, in order to prove the retrofit performance of a GFRP-strengthened RC wall structure.