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http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/JASS.2005.22.4.419

A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SOLAR WIND DYNAMIC PRESSURE PULSES DURING GEOMAGNETIC STORMS  

Baek, J.H. (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)
Lee, D.Y. (Chungbuk National University)
Kim, K.C. (Chungbuk National University)
Choi, C.R. (Chungbuk National University)
Moon, Y.J. (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)
Cho, K.S. (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)
Park, Y.D. (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences / v.22, no.4, 2005 , pp. 419-430 More about this Journal
Abstract
We have carried out a statistical analysis on solar wind dynamic pressure pulses during geomagnetic storms. The Dst index was used to identify 111 geomagnetic storms that occurred in the time interval from 1997 through 2001. We have selected only the events having the minimum Dst value less than -50 nT. In order to identify the pressure impact precisely, we have used the horizontal component data of the magnetic field H (northward) at low latitudes as well as the solar wind pressure data themselves. Our analysis leads to the following results: (1) The enhancement of H due to a pressure pulse tends to be proportional to the magnitude of minimum Dst value; (2) The occurrence frequency of pressure pulses also increases with storm intensity. (3) For about $30\%$ of our storms, the occurrence frequency of pressure pulses is greater than $0.4\#/hr$, implying that to. those storms the pressure pulses occur more frequently than do periodic substorms with an average substorm duration of 2.5 hrs. In order to understand the origin of these pressure pulses, we have first examined responsible storm drivers. It turns out that $65\%$ of the studied storms we driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) while others are associated with corotating interaction regions $(6.3\%)$ or Type II bursts $(7.2\%)$. Out of the storms that are driven by CMEs, over $70\%$ show that the main phase interval overlaps with the sheath, namely, the region between CME body and the shock, and with the leading region of a CME. This suggests that the origin of the frequent pressure pulses is often due to density fluctuations in the sheath region and the leading edge of the CME body.
Keywords
dynamic pressure; storm; solar wind;
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