• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.24 no.1 s.62
• /
• pp.11-14
• /
• 1985

Some experiments were conducted to evaluate the aphidivorous activity of coccinellid beetle, Harmania axyridis Pallas. Experiments were carried out using with laboratory reared beetles and two aphid species(Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae). Factors referred in the study of aphidivorous activity were the age of beetle, aphid species, temperatreu and illumination time. The aphidivorous activity was greatly different in relation to aphid species, developmental stages of the beetle, and the temperature. The 3rd and 4th instar larvae consumed more aphids than the 1st and 2nd instar larvae. Though the beetles consumed more number of cotton aphid, total weight of aphids consumed the more or less the same. Aphidivorous activity of the 1st to 4th instar larvae increased with a rise in temperature and adult activity was relativel high at $20^{\circ}C$ and low at $15^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$. The aphidivorous activity of the beetles was not influenced by the illumination period under the conditions given in this experiments, however, seem to require further study.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.5_6
• /
• pp.55-58
• /
• 1968

본시험은 1966년 필리핀에 있는 국제수도연구소에서 벼멸구의 생태에 관한 시험을 위하여 벼멸구를 대량으로 집단접종사육하여 오딘 중 cage내 갑자기 벼멸구의 밀도가 줄고 장님노린재가 무수히 번식되고 있는 것을 관찰한 후 Hawaii에 있는 Bishop Museum, Dr. ASHLOCK 씨에이 장님노린재에 대한 동정을 의뢰함과 동시에 벼멸구에 대한 포식성을 조사한 결과 벼멸구의 포식식능력은 장님노린재를 산난된 도엽에 접종하였을 때 5일후 포식난율이 $69.1\%$인대 대하여 벼멸구 고충에 대하여서는 접종 1일 후$61.4\%$, 2일 후 $76.2\%$, 3일 후 $91.0\%$ 4일 후 $93.3\%$의 포식률로서 매우 놀라운 포식능력을 보여주었다. 이 장님노린채는 벼멸구뿐만 아니라 다른 멸구류의 밀도를 제압할 수 있기 때문에 단장조건하에서는 벼멸구류의 피해를 미연에 경감시킬 수 있는 유리한 천적이라고 생각되며, 금후 이의 실제적인 이용면에 대한 연구가 기대된다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.429-433
• /
• 2008

On the leaf disc of fruit vegetables (cucumber, sweet pepper, tomato, egg plant, oriental melon), it has been evaluated that the capability of four predatory mites (Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, Neoseiulus barkeri (Hughes), N. cucumeris (Oudemans), N. californicus (McGregor)) to prey on the eggs of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and to lay own eggs. The most aggressive mite was A. swirskii which had consumed about $9{\sim}12$ eggs in a day. The quantity of eggs consumed by N. barkeri, N. cucumeris and N. californicus was about $6{\sim}9,\;4{\sim}6$ and $1{\sim}4$, respectively. The most productive mite was also A. swirskii which had laid about $1.2{\sim}1.9$ eggs in a day. The others could not lay more than 0.5 eggs in a day.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.406-413
• /
• 2023

Captive breeding and reintroduction are crucial strategies for conserving endangered species populations. However, fish raised in predator-free environments, show a lack of recognition of predationrelated stimuli such as chemical and visual signals. It is critical to recognize chemical signals from injured conspecifics, also known as alarm signals, and the order or shape of predators to indicate the spread of predation risk in the habitat. We conducted a laboratory experiment to determine and adjust the optimal exposure period to induce appropriate anti-predator behavior response to different types of stimuli (Chemical, Visual and Chemical+Visual) for the endangered species Microphysogobio rapidus. Our results demonstrate that predator avoidance behavior varies depending on the types of stimuli and the duration of predation risk exposure. First, the results showed captive-breed M. rapidus show lack of response against conspecific alarm signal (Chemical cue) before the predation risk exposure period and tend to increase response over predation risk exposure time. Second, response to predator (visual cue) tend to peak at 48 hours cumulative exposure, but show dramatic decrease after 72 hours cumulative exposure. Finally, response to the mixed cue (Chemical+visual) tend to peak prior to the predation risk exposure period and show reduced response during subsequent exposure periods. This experiment confirms the lack of responsiveness to conspecific alarm signals in captive-bred M. rapidus and the need for an optimal nature behavior enhancement program prior to release of endangered species. Furthermore, responsiveness to predator visual signal peak at 48 hours cumulative exposure, suggest an optimal predation risk exposure period of up to 48 hours.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.437-442
• /
• 2015

This study, examined Chilocorus kuwanae for biological control of Saissetia coffeae. We measured basic developmental characteristics of C. kuwanae and its capability to prey on the second-instar larvae of S. coffeae by indoor breeding under the following conditions: $25^{\circ}C{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, humidity $70%{\pm}5%$, and day length 16L : 8D. The average daily consumption of the second-instar larvae of S. coffeae by C. kuwanae adults was approximately 77.5 larvae/day, which was significantly 2.8 and 2.9 times higher than consumption by Chrysoperla carnea and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, respectively. During the nymphal period, C. kuwanae consumed a total of 659.0 second-instar larvae of S. coffeae. The interaction between C. kuwanae and the second-instar larvae of S. coffeae varied according to their densities, with the increase in C. kuwanae consumption rate noted to decelerate and gradually level off at the maximum, rsembling Holling's Type II functional response. Duration of egg to adult development varied from 21.1 days to nearly 27.9 days at temperatures of $25^{\circ}C{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. Hatchability, pupation rate, and adult emergence were greater than 72.3%, 77.8% and 83.3%, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.111-115
• /
• 2000

Fifty-two nematode predatory fungi were isolated from 37 soil samples collected from eight provinces in Korea. Isolated fungi were tested their predacity against Rhabditis sp. and Meloidogyne incognita in petri dish, and against M. incognita in greenhouse pot experiments. Fifty isolates had trapping organ of adhesive networks and two isolates had adhesive column or adhesive knob. In petri dish experiments, 5 1 isolates against Rhubditis sp. and 26 isolates against M. incognita showed over 91 % of predacity; in greenhouse experiments, however, only three isolates showed over 81% of predacity. These results imply that the results from the laboratory experiments are not consistent with those from the greenhouse experiments. Therefore, to select a promising biocontrol predatory fungi for plant-parasitic nematodes, the screening experiment should be conducted in conditions close to nature.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.234-242
• /
• 1995

The functional responses of the female Cyrtorhinus lividipennis on brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, eggs and their predation behavior were investigated at six temperature conditions; 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, and $35^{\circ}C$. C. lividipennis was found to prefer young BPH eggs, especially 3-day-old eggs the most. The functional responses for female C. lividipennis on BPH eggs fitted the Holling's Type-I true predator-prey Rogers' (1972) model at all temperatures tested except $35^{\circ}C$ at which the negative Th value was produced. With the temperature increased up to 32$^{\circ}C$, the instantaneous attacking rate(a) increased from 0.1923 at $20^{\circ}C$ to 0.5085 at $32^{\circ}C$, while the handling time (Th) was gradually decreased as low as 0.0151 at $32^{\circ}C$. C. lividipenis preferred the BPH eggs laid on the upper part of rice stem when the BPH egg density was high, but there was no significant difference in the preference when the egg density was low. The preference was more obvious in high temperature conditions such as above 29$^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.141-141
• /
• 2001

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.11c
• /
• pp.428-430
• /
• 2001

다수의 자율이동로봇으로 구성되는 다개체 시스템에서의 협조행동을 위해서 각 개체는 주변환경의 인식뿐만 아니라 환경변화에 적응할 수 있는 추론능력이 요구된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 강화학습을 이용하여 동적으로 변화하는 환경 하에서 개체들이 스스로 학습하고 대처할 수 있는 협조행동 방법을 제시한다. 제안한 방법을 먹이와 포식자 문제에 적용하여 포식자 로봇간의 협조행동을 구현하였다. 여러 대로 구성된 포식자 로봇은 회피가 목적인 먹이로봇을 추적하여 포획하는 것이 임무이며 포식자 로봇들 간의 협조행동을 위해 각 상태에 따른 최적의 행동방식을 찾는데 강화학습을 이용한다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.45 no.2 s.143
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 2006

Predation of Neoseiulus fallacis was observed for biological control of Panonychus citri that is one of the major insect pests on citrus. The daily predation of development stages of P. citri by an adult female of N. fallacis were 20.1 eggs, 26.1 larvae, 18.2 protonymphs, and 7.4 deutonymphs at 25$^{\circ}C$, The daily predation of P. citri eggs by N, fallacis was observed under different temperatures. The predation was increased as the temperature rise. At this time, ratio of eggs production of l! fallacis after predation of P. citri eggs (number of eggs N. fallacis/number of eggs P. citri consumed by N. fallacis) was 0.09. The daily predation of P. citri eggs by N, fallacis was 21.1, 17.3, and 16.7 on the different arenas (diameter: 20, 40, and 60 mm), respectively. The predation was decreased as the arena of the leaf increase. The functional response of M fallacis to P. citri showed Holling's Type II response: the consumption of prey by N. fallacis increased as the density of prey increase but increasing rate was gradually reduced. As the result, it seemed that N. fallacis can be use for biological control of P. citri.