• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.951-958
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• 1996

Bet een November 1991 and December 1993, twelve patients (Male: 2, Female: 10) who had mitral valve disease without primary pulmonary disease underwent mitral valve replacement. The pulmonary function test (PFT) was performed preoperatively and postoperatively (mean, 9 months after operation). Mitral valve replacement was indicated for mitral stenosis in 9 patients and for mitral insufficiency in 3 patients. Preoperative WHh functional class were 111 in 11 patients and class rV in 1 patient. Postoperatively, ten patients (83 %) were classified into NYHA functional class 1. There was a significant decrease in cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) postoperatively (p< 0.05). The pulmonary function before operation was low compared with predicted values in vital capacity (VC) and forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF 25∼75 %). The FEF 25%-75% and maximal voluntary ventilation (MW) were low compared with predicted values postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the pulmonary function before an after op- eration. Twelve patients were divided into 2 groups according to the early postoperative NYHA functional class. In class I group, the postoperative pulmonary function was significantly improved in 6 parameters (RV, FRC, TLC, FEVI , FEVI /FVC, and FEF 25∼75%), but in class ll group, there was no significant change in the pulmonary function after operation.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2020

According to previous studies, an impaired pulmonary function is associated with arterial stiffness (AS). The pulse pressure (PP) is an important predictor of AS, but the association of an impaired pulmonary function with the PP is unclear. Therefore, this study assessed the associations between the PP and the predicted forced vital capacity (predicted FVC) and predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (predicted FEV₁) in Korean non-smoking adults. The data obtained from 6,857 adults during the 2013~2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. After adjusting for the related variables, the ORs of restrictive pulmonary disease (RPD, the predicted FVC<80.0% with FEV₁/FVC≥70.0%) using the normal PP group (PP≤60 mmHg) as a reference group was significant for the high PP group (PP>60 mmHg; 1.337 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.049~1.703]). In addition, the ORs of obstructive pulmonary disease (OPD, FEV₁/FVC<70.0%) using the normal PP group as a reference group were significant for the high PP group (1.339 [95% CI, 1.093~1.642]). In conclusion, a high PP is positively associated with both RPD and OPD in Korean non-smoking adults.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.346-352
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• 2007

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is one of the cardiovascular complications of in COPD. However, a diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension requires an invasive test, such as right heart catheterization. NT-proBNP is a cardiac hormone that is elevated when a cardiac volume or pressure overload is present. It was hypothesized that NT-proBNP might play a role in detecting of pulmonary hypertension in COPD patients. Method: The 31 COPD patients, who underwent all of NT-proBNP, echocardiography, and spirometry in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital during the period from November 2003 to July 2005, were retrospectively analyzed. Result: Of the 31 COPD patients, 9 patients had pulmonary hypertension. A significant positive correlation was observed between the NT-proBNP and pulmonary arterial pressure (r=0.589, p=0.002). However, there was no significant correlation observed between the $FEV_1$ and NT-proBNP and $FEV_1$ and pulmonary arterial pressure. Conclusion: NT-proBNP might indicate the presence of pulmonary hypertension in COPD patients.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of Schroth exercise(three-dimensional convergence exercise) on pulmonary function(vital capacity, and chest expansion), Cobb's angle, scoliometer angle, and erector spinae muscle activity. We examined 40 students with idiopathic scoliosis(Cobb's angle $10^{\circ}$). They were divided into the Schroth and conventional exercise groups, with 20 people in each group. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 18.0 with a paired t-test(pre-post difference) and an independent t-test(between-group differnence). the result of were as follows; 1) After 8 weeks of Schroth exercise, significant improvements were observed in Cobb's angle, rib hump, vital capacity, chest expansion, and right thoracic longissimus muscle activity. 2) After 8 weeks of conventional exercise, a significant improvement was observed only in chest expansion. These findings indicate that the Schroth exercise program improved the Cobb's angle, rib hump, pulmonary function, and sEMG results. Therefore, this study demonstrates the usefulness of the Schroth exercise program for idiopathic scoliosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.897-904
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• 1996

A preoperative prediction of postoperative pulmonary function after the pulmonary resection should be made to prevent serious complications and postoperative mortality. There are several methods to predict postoperative lung function but the 99m7c-MAA perfusion lung scan is known as simple, inexpensive and easily tolerated method for patients. We studied the accuracy of the perfusion lung scan in predicting postoperative lung function on 34 patients who received either the resection of one lobe(17 patients) or 2 lobes(2 patients) or pneumonictomy(15 patients). We performed pulmonary function test and lung scan immediately before the operation and calculated the postoperative lung function by substracting the regional lung function which will be rejected. We compared this predictive value to the observed pulmonary function which was done 20 days after the surgery. We also compared the data achieved from 12 patients ho received open thoracotomy due to intrathoracic disease that are not confined in the lung. The correlation coefficient between the predicted value and observed value of FEVI .0 was 0.423, FVC was 0.557 in the pneumonectomy group and FEVI . 0 was 0.693, FVC was 0.591 in the lobectomy group. The correlation coefnclent between the'postoperative value and preoperative value of FEVI .0 was 0.528, FVC was 0.502 in the resectional group and FEVI .0 was 0.871, FVC was 0.896 in the comparatives. We concluded that the perfusion lung scan is accllrate in predicting post-resectional pulmonary function.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.730-735
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• 2002

Diaphragm is innervated by phrenic nerve and lower intercostal nerves. For patients with avulsion injury of brachial plexus, an in situ graft of phrenic nerve is frequently used to neurotize a branch of the brachial plexus. We studied short-term and mid-term changes of diaphragmatic level and movement in patients with dissection of phrenic nerve for neurotization. Material and Method : Thirteen patients with division of either-side phrenic nerve for neurotization of musculocutaneous nerve were included in this study. With endoscopic surgical procedure, the intrathoracic phrenic nerve was entirely dissected and divided just above the diaphragm. The dissected phrenic nerve was taken out through thoracic inlet and neck wound and then anastomosed to the musculocutaneous nerve through a subcutaneous tunnel. With chest films and fluoroscopy, levels and movements of diaphragm were measured before and after operation. Result : There was no specific technical difficulty or even minor postoperative complications following endoscopic division of phrenic nerve. After division of phrenic nerve, diaphragm was soon elevated about 1.7 intercostal spaces compared with the preoperative level, but it did not show paradoxical motion in fluoroscopy. More than 1.5 months later, diaphragm returned downward close to the preoperative level (average level difference was 0.9 intercostal spaces; p＝NS). Movement of diaphragm was not significantly decreased compared with the preoperative one. Conclusion : After division of phrenic nerve, the affected diaphragm did not show a significant decrease in movement, and the elevated diaphragm returned downward with time. However, the decreased lung volumes in the last spirometry suggest the decreased inspiratory force following partial paralysis of diaphragm.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to differences of foot plantar pressure balance and lung capacity according to cervical posture in adults. Method: The subjects consisted of 33 adults in their 20s and 50s who use M centers in B-gu and H-gu, B-City, and they measured foot plantar pressure balance and lung capacity according to cervical posture (cervical normal curvature posture, cervical flexural posture) in adults. Results: In this study, the difference of foot plantar pressure balance according to cervical posture were analyzed. In the difference between left and right foot pressure balance. It was 1.50% increased in the cervical flexural posture than in the cervical normal curvature posture, and a statistically significant difference was observed. In the difference between the anterior and posterior foot pressure balance. It was 4.28% increased in the cervical flexural posture than in the cervical normal curvature posture, and a statistically significant difference was observed. The difference of lung capacity according to cervical posture were analyzed. In the PEF, It was 58.63 l/min decreased in the cervical flexural posture than in the cervical normal curvature posture, and a statistically significant difference was observed. In the FEV1, It was 0.15 ℓ decreased in the cervical flexural posture than in the cervical normal curvature posture, and a statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that had a positive effect on differences of foot plantar pressure balance and lung capacity at cervical normal curvature posture in adults. In future research, itis believed that research on the elderly who have collapsed the normal curvature posture due to aging, as well as teenagers whose normal curvature posture due to the use of smartphones, will contribute to the balance of foot pressure and improvement of the right cervical habits. In future studies, it is also believed that it will be necessary to measure lung capacity after performing exercise according to the cervical posture, thereby providing sufficient oxygen during exercise to enhance the persistence and efficiency of the movement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.146-151
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• 2006

현재 국가지리정보유통망을 통해 유통되고 있는 수치지도(Digital map)는 대부분 항공 측량사진(Air survey Photographs)이나 위성영상(Satellite images)을 통해 취득된 토지 피복의 형상을 기반으로 제작된 지도들이다. 정사사진으로부터 취득된 지형정보를 기호화, 단순화한 수치지도는 실제 사물의 형태와 많은 차이가 있어 지형과 시설물의 변이를 사실대로 반영하지 못한다. 특히 최근 들어 지하시설물이나 건축기술의 발달로 층별 구조가 다양해진 건축물의 형태 등은 정사사진으로는 식별이 불가능하고 건물의 경우 지붕의 형태로 묘사되는 등 표현에 한계가 있다. 도심지역을 대상으로 제작된 1/1,000수치지형도나 일부 지자체나 공공기관 등에서 제작된 $1/500{\sim}1/2,500$ 수치지형도는 상세한 지형정보를 포함하고 있는 높은 정밀도의 수치지도이지만, 도시지역의 변이가 빠르게 일어나고 있기 때문에 자료 신뢰성과 최신성을 유지하는데 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 현지조사나 측량에 의존하고 있는 정사사진으로부터 취득이 불가능한 지형자료의 취득이나 수년단위인 갱신주기의 한계를 극복하고 실시간으로 수치지도를 수정갱신 할 수 있는 대안으로 일반측량성과도의 활용방안을 제시하고자 한다. 일반측량업에서 생산되는 일반측량성과도는 임시 도근점에 의해 측량을 실시하고 지적경계점과 현황기지점을 도해법에 의해 지적도와 중첩시켜 제작한 측량도로서, 일반측량 성과도에 절대좌표체계를 부여하고 수치지도와 매칭 기법을 제시함으로서 경제적이고 신속한 실시간 수치지도 수정갱신체계를 확립할 수 있고, 자료의 공유함으로써 중복측량을 방지할 수 있다.보 등)를 활용, 구축된다. 교통분석용 네트워크는 구축시점에 따라 현재 및 장래 네트워크로 구분되며 장래 네트워크는 기준년도부터 2031년까지 5년 단위로 계획된 장래도로를 반영하여 구축된다. 교통주제도 및 교통분석용 네트워크는 국가교통DB구축사업을 통해 구축된 자료로서 교통체계효율화법 제9조의4에 따라 공공기관이 교통정책 및 계획수립 등에 활용할 수 있도록 제공하고 있다. 건설교통부의 승인절차를 거쳐 제공하며 활용 후에는 갱신자료 및 활용결과를 통보하는 과정을 거치도록 되어있다. 교통주제도는 국가의 교통정책결정과 관련분야의 기초자료로서 다양하게 활용되고 있으며, 특히 ITS 노드/링크 기본지도로 활용되는 등 교통 분야의 중요한 지리정보로서 구축되고 있다..20{\pm}0.37L$, 72시간에 $1.33{\pm}0.33L$로 유의한 차이를 보였으므로(F=6.153, P=0.004), 술 후 폐환기능 회복에 효과가 있다. 4) 실험군과 대조군의 수술 후 노력성 폐활량은 수술 후 72시간에서 실험군이 $1.90{\pm}0.61L$, 대조군이 $1.51{\pm}0.38L$로 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=2.620, P=0.013). 5) 실험군과 대조군의 수술 후 일초 노력성 호기량은 수술 후 24시간에서 $1.33{\pm}0.56L,\;1.00{\ge}0.28L$로 유의한 차이를 보였고(t=2.530, P=0.017), 술 후 72시간에서 $1.72{\pm}0.65L,\;1.33{\pm}0.3L$로 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=2.540, P=0.016). 6) 대상자의

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.709-717
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• 1999

Background & Method : Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia(BOOP) is a specific clinicopathologic condition characterized by chronic inflammatory interstitial infiltrates. Cryptogenic form of BOOP presents subacute clinical course of flu-like illness, such as cough, fever, dyspnea with exertion and other constitutional symptoms. Pathologically it shows the presence of granulation tissue filling the lumen of terminal and respiratory bronchioles, extending into distal airspaces. Recently, we reviewed 24 cases of idiopathic type of BOOP, 5 cases of our hospital and another 19 cases on Korean literatures, and compared with reviewed data from foreign literatures. Results : Mean age was 54 years old and there was female preponderance in domestic reports. Their common presenting symptoms were dyspnea and cough, and mean duration of illness was 41 days. On chest examination, inspiratory crackle was a common finding. The laboratory findings were nonspecific except hypoxemia. Lung function studies revealed restrictive defect or combined obstructive and restrictive pattern in most patients. Bilateral patchy and nonsegmental alveolar opacities constituted characterized radiographic finding, highlighted on high resolution computed tomogram. It showed a favorable prognosis with an excellent responsiveness to corticosteroid therapy. The clinical features and laboratory findings were similar between domestic and foreign cases except female preponderance in Korean cases. Conclusion : If the clinical course is atypical or pregressive under proper treatment, clinicians should reevaluate clinical features and radiographic findings under the consideration of BOOP. Tissue confirmation would be recommended for the definitive diagnosis of BOOP.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.126-133
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• 2020

This study was conducted with a randomized control group pretest-posttest study design to investigate the effects of a combined arts education program combining choral and respiratory training on the respiratory function, stress, and quality of life of university students. Twenty-five university students were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=13) who participated in the combined arts education program and the control group (n=12) who participated in the general arts education program. As a result, there was a significant difference in the lung capacity, respiratory strength, stress and quality of life scale before and after the experiment in the experimental group (p<0.05). In addition, the results of the rest of the tests showed significant differences (p<0.05), except for the result FEV1. Through the results of this study, the combined art education program that combines chorus and breathing training will be beneficial as a program to improve stress reduction, breathing function and quality of life of university students.