References
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and World Health Organization. Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease: global strategy for the diagnosis) management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA [revised 2006]. Available from: URL: http://www.goldcopd.com
- Kim DB, Kim YS, Jung K-S, Chang JH, Lim CM, Lee JH, et a1. Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Korea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;172:842-7 https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200502-259OC
- Agusti AG, Noguem A, Sauleda J, Sala E, Pons J, Busquets X. Systemic effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003;21:347-60 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00405703
- Higenbottarn T. Pulmonary hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case for treatment. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005;2:12-9
- Naeije R. Pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thome Soc 2005;2:20-2
- Barbera JA, Peinado VI, Santos S. Pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003;21:892-905 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00115402
- Naeije R, Barbera JA. Pulmonary hypertension associated with COPD. Crit Care 2001;5:286-9 https://doi.org/10.1186/cc1049
- Weitzenblun E, Chaouat A. Severe pulmonary hypertension in com is it a distinct disease? Chest 2006;127:1480-2 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.127.5.1480
- Lee-Chiong Jr TL , NMthay RA. Pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale in COPD. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2003;24:263-72 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-41087
- Arcasoy SM, Christie JD, Ferrari VA, Sutton MS, Zisman DA, Blumenthal NP, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of pulmonary hypertension in patients with advanced lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:735-40 https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200210-1130OC
- Kessler R, Faller M, Weilzenhlum E, Chaouat A, Aykut A, Ducolone A, et al. 'Natural history' of pulmonaty hypertension in a series of 131 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:219-24 https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.164.2.2006129
- Bossone E, Bodini BD, Mazza A, Allegra L Pulmonary arterial hypertension: the key role of echocardiography. Chest 2005;127:1836-43 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.127.5.1836
- Kim NH. Diagnosis and evaluation of patient with pulmonaty hypertension. Cardiol Clin 2004;22:367-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccl.2004.04.003
- Yap LB, rvlukerjee D, Timms PM, Ashrafjan H, Coghlan JG.. Natriuretic peptides, respiratory disease, and right heart. Chest 2004;126:1330-6 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.126.4.1330
- Ruskoaho H Caridac hormones as diagnostic tools in heart failure. Endocr Rev 2003;24:341-66 https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2003-0006
- Clerico A, Emdin M Diagnostic accuracy and plugnostie relavance of measurement of cardiac natriuretic peptkdes: a review. Clin Chem 2004;50:33-50 https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2003.024760
- McQuillan BM, Picard MH, Leavitt M, Weyman AE. Clinical oorlelates and reference intervals for pulmonary arterial systolic pressure among echocar-diographically normal subjects. Circulation 2001;104:2797-802 https://doi.org/10.1161/hc4801.100076
- Barst RJ, McGoon M, Torbicki A, Sitbon O, Krowka MJ, Olschewski H, et al. Diagnosis and differential assessment of pulmonaty arterial hypertension. J Am Coli Cardiol 2004;43:408-78
- Voelkel NF, Cool CD. Pulmonary vascular involvement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J Suppl 2003;46:28S-32S
- Chaouat A, Bugnet A, Kadaoui N, Schott R, Enache I, Thlcolone A, et al. Severe pulmonary hypertension and clu'Onic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;172:189-94 https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200401-006OC
- Scharf SM, Iqbal M, Keller C, Criner G, Lee S, Fessler HE; National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT) Research Group. Hemodynamic characterization of patients with severe emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;100:314-22
- Mitchell RS, Vincent Th, Ryan S, Pilley GP. Chrunic obstructive bronchopubnonary disease, IV: 'The clinical and physiological difference of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Am J Med Sci 1964;247:513-7 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-196405000-00001
- Renzetti AD Jr, McClement JH, Litt ED. The Veterans Administration cooperative study of pulmonary function, 3. Mortality in relation to respiratory function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Med 1966;41:115-29 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(66)90009-X
- Nagaya N, Nishikimi T, Uematsu M, Satoh T, Kyotani S, Sakamaki P, et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a prognostic indicator in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 2000;102:865-70 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.8.865
- Bando M, Ishii Y, Sugiyama Y, Kitamura S. Elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels in chronic respiratory failure with cor pulmonale. Respir Med 1999;93:507-14 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0954-6111(99)90094-X
- Ishii J, Nomura M, lto M, Naruse H, Mori Y, Wang JH, et al. Plasma concentration of brain natriuretic peptide as a biochemical marker for evaluation of right ventricular overload and mortality in chronic respiratory disease. Clin Chim Acta 2000;301:19-30 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-8981(00)00312-0
- Nagaya N, Nishilcimi T, Okano Y, Uematsu M, Satoh T, Kyotani S, et al. PIasma brain natiruretic peptide levels increase in proportion to extent of light ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coli Cardiol 1998;31:202-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(98)81518-0
- Ueda R, Yokouchi M, Suzuki T, aromo E, Katagiri T. Prognostic value of high plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentrations in very elderly persons. Am J Med 2003;114:266-70 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01525-5