• KLA journal
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.21-29
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• 1987

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.62-89
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to propose the efficient and reasonable weeding model of the scientific literature by measuring a life-span of literatures in the field of nuclear engineering through citation analysis, the average life of actually discarded literatures in the KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute), and the life of use through the circulation data analysis from 1992 to 1994 of KAERI.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.540-546
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• 2013

The main purpose of the present study was to establish a quicker and cheaper model for predicting the LHV of MSW based on its wet physical composition being brought into C Incinerator. The one regression model was developed to correlate the energy content with variables from physical composition based on a wet matter. The performance of this model for MSW of the C Incinerator was superior to that of equations developed on a dry matter basis by other researchers for estimating energy content. The applicability of this model at the other 4 incinerators showed also an acceptable precision level.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.204-214
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• 1999

Background: Resting pulmonary function tests(PFTs) are routinely used in the evaluation of pulmonary impairment/disability. But the significance of the cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPX) in the evaluation of pulmonary impairment is controvertible. Many experts believe that dyspnea, though a necessary part of the assessment, is not a reliable predictor of impairment. Nevertheless, oxygen requirements of an organism at rest are different from at activity or exercising, and a clear relationship between resting PFTs and exercise tolerance has not been established in patients with chronic pulmonary disease. As well, the relationship between resting PFTs and dyspnea is complex. To investigate the relationship of dyspnea, resting PFTs, and CPX, we evaluated the patients of stabilized chronic pulmonary disease with clinical dyspnea rating(baseline dyspnea index, BDI), resting PFTs, and CPX. Method: The 50 patients were divided into two groups: non-severe and severe group on basis of results of resting PFTs(by criteria of ATS), CPX(by criteria of ATS or Ortega), and dyspnea rating(by focal score of BDI). Groups were compared with respect to pulmonary function, indices of CPX, and dyspnea rating. Results: 1. According to the criteria of pulmonary impairment with resting PFTs, $VO_2$max, and focal score of BDI were significantly low in the severe group(p<0.01). According to the criteria of $VO_2$max(ml/kg/min) and $VO_2$max(%), the parameters of resting PFTs, except $FEV_1$ were not significantly different between non-severe and severe(p>0.05). According to focal score($FEV_1$(%), FVC(%), MW(%), $FEV_1/FVC$, and $VO_2$max were significantly lower in the severe group(p<0.01). However, in the more severe dyspneic group(focal score<5), only $VO_2$max(ml/kg/min) and $VO_2$max(%) were low(p<0.01). $FEV_1$(%) was correlated with $VO_2$max(%)(r=0.52;p<0.01), but not predictive of exercise performance. The focal score had the correlation with max WR(%) (r=0.55;p<0.01). Sensitivity and specificity analysis were utilized to compare the different criteria used to evaluate the severity of pulmonary impairment, revealed that the classification would be different according to the criteria used. And focal score for dyspnea showed similar sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion : According to these result, resting PFTs were not superior to rating of dyspnea in prediction of exercise performance in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases and less correlative with focal score for dyspnea than $VO_2$max and max WR. Therefore, if not contraindicated, CPX would be considered to evaluate the severity of pulmonary impairment in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases, including with severe resting PFTs. Current criteria used to evaluate the severity of impairment were insufficient in considering the degree of dyspnea, so new criteria, including the severity of dyspnea, may be necessary.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.35-45
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• 2001

In this research, we estimated annual gross fixed capital stock of transport sector, such as road, railroad, airport and seaport during 1968-1997 in Korea. As basic analytic method, we used the polynomial benchmark method. The polynomial benchmark method requires capital stock estimates of at least two benchmark-years and is distinguished from other methods in the fact that retirement rate can be estimated within the model. To estimate gross fixed capital stock of transport sector. we used the basic data on national wealth surveys in 1968, 1977, 1987 and 1997. and investment data of each transport sector during 1968-1997. We used the most reasonable data in the process of estimation after reviewing the collected data. In estimating, some retirement rates were estimated at (-) value, so we have applied various method to fix up the problem. At last, we have reported several estimation results which can be considered as reasonable ones. Compared our results with those of other researches in Korea, estimates in our research project could be said more accurate than those.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.415-425
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• 2001

Background : The correlation between the high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) emphysema score and the physiologic parameters including resting and exercise pulmonary function test was investigated in 14 patients($60.6{\pm}10.3$ years) with pulmonary emphysema. Methods : The patients underwent a HRCT, a resting pulmonary function test, and incremental exercise testing(cycle ergometer, 10 W/min). Computed tomography scans were obtained on a GE highlight at 10 mm intervals using 10 mm collimation, from the apex to the base after a full inspiration. The emphysema scores were determined by a CT program 'Density mask' outlining the areas with attenuation values less than -900 HU, indicating the emphysema areas, and providing an overall percentage of lung involvement by emphysema. Results : Among the resting PFT parameters, only the diffusing capacity(r=-0.75) and $PaO_2$ (r=-0.66) correlated with the emphysema score(p<0.05). Among the exercise test parameters, the emphysema score correlated significantly with the maximum power(r=-0.74), maximum oxygen consumption(r=-0.68), anaerobic threshold(V-slope method: r=-0.69), maximal $O_2$-pulse(r=-0.73), and the physiologic dead space ratio at the maximum workload(r=-0.80)(p<0.01). Conclusion: We could find that exercise testing parameters showed a much better correlation with the HRCT emphysema score, which is known to have a good correlation with the pathologic severity than the resting PIT parameters. Therefore it is suggested that exercise testing is superior to resting PIT for estimating in the estimation of the physiologic disturbance in emphysema patients.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.165-186
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• 2010

This study aims to suggest the basis and criterion for the data deletion guideline to make the information systems effective and reduce the cost of system management. To make a frame of the guideline, we researched the laws and policies of USA, UK and Australia and the domestic laws and regulations related with the deletion of records. From this paper research, we prepared the draft guideline and gathered the opinion about it. Through this research and survey, we produced out the guideline including the criteria, the process and the way of data deletion. Adopting the guideline to a sample organization, we couldn't find any problem in deleting the unused data.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.992-999
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• 1998

Background: To correlate the emphysema score for quantification of the overall extent of emphysema in both lungs by CT with physiologic fingings and to get more objective and simple method to assess the extent of emphysema. Method: Thin-section CT and pulmonary function test(PFT) were performed in 17 patients with emphysema (all males, mean age, 62 years). Emphysema score was obtained as percentage of emphysematous lung area, dividing the total area of the emphysema(voxels with attenuation value less than -880, -900, -920HU, respectively) by the overall area of both lungs(voxels with attenuation value less than -400HU) with highlighting voxels using "Density mask" program. Emphysema score was calculated from whole lung(ESV) and 5 representative scans(ESR) using "Density mask", Visual emphysema score(ESV) was obtained by visual assessment from 5 representative scans. Correlation of these emphysema scores(ESW, ESR, ESV) and physiologic findings were performed, comparing the ESW with ESR and ESV. Results: ESW had correlation with DLCO(r=0.53-0.64) and $FEV_1/FVC$(r=0.42-0.57) among PFT parameters. ESR had good correlation with ESW and with PFT parameters as well. ESV did not correlate with PFT parameters except DLCO. Conclusion: CT quantification of emphysema using "density mask" correlated well with physiologic findings. To assess the severity of emphysema, both ESW and ESR are more reliable than ESV, and ESR is recommended in routine practice as it is objective, simple and reliable.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.241
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• pp.116-120
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• 2013

환경부는 "제품의 포장재질 포장방법에 관한 기준 등에 관한 규칙(환경부령)" 개정('12.9.28) 사항 및 타법 개정 사항 반영, 동일 위반제품에 대한 과태료 중복부과 문제점을 개선 보완하고자 포장폐기물의 발생억제 등에 관한 업무처리지침 일부개정안을 발표했다. 본 고에서는 주요 내용과 함께 신 구조문을 비교해 살펴본다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.471-479
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• 2009

This study was performed to improve the analytical methods and re-establish the regulatory standard of PCBs-containing solid wastes for sufficient management in which has been concerned internationally. To do this, the sampling, pre-treatment and quantification methods which were used in USA and Japan were discussed. It was thought properly that new standard of PCBs-containing solid wastes was established through correlation with PCBs concentration of transformer oil. The surface wipe sampling was selected in the nonporous materials and cutting sampling in the porous materials. In the absence of transformer oils, electrical equipment is PCB-contaminated if it has PCBs at ${\geq}0.4{\mu}g/100cm^2$ as measured by a wipe test of a nonporous surface and if it has at 0.04 mg/L as measured by cutting test of a porous material. Also, new analytical methods for PCBs containing solid waste were proposed.