• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.747.1-747
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• 2000

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.261-271
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• 1996

Introduction: Osteoporosis, the most common metabolic bone disorder, is a condition of reduced bone density and increased susceptibility to fractures. Osteoporosis is a major public health problem and a significant cause of morbidity in postmenopausal women. Therefore family physicians as primary care physicians are in a key position for preventing and treating this disorder. So we studied the factors affecting to bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A total of 136 spontaneous postmenopausal women were participated in the study. They have measured spinal bone mineral density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry from January 1992 to June 1995 at Yeungnam University Hospital. Age, height, weight, age at menarche and menopause, number of child and breast feeding child, history of oral pill ingestion, family history of osteoporosis, amount of milk and coffee ingestion, consumption of tobacco and alcohol and physical activity were assessed by qustionnaire and medical records. Results: The mean age is 55.2 and mean age at menopause is 47.9. Height, weight and physical activity were significantly positive correlated to bone mineral density. But age, duration after menopause and number of child were significantly negative correlated. Also age, height, weight, physical activity and duration after menopause were significantly correlated to % age-matched bone mineral density. In multiple regression analysis, which dependent variable is bone mineral density, duration after menopause, physical activity and weight were significant contributors. Duration after menopause is most the largest contributor. In multiple regression analysis, which dependent variable is % age-matched bone mineral density to adjust the age effect, physical activity and weight were significant contributors. Physical activity is most the largest contributor. Conclusions: Among factors affecting to BMD in postmenopausal women, physical activity and weight were more important factors. Therefore continuous physical activity is significant factor to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.52-61
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to assess health-related quality of life and evaluate the risk factors affecting severity of menopausal symptoms in early and late postmenopausal women based on the stages of reproductive aging workshop(STRAW) paradigm. Methods : This cross-sectional study examined 497 Korean postmenopausal women aged 41-59 years in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. We divided subjects into early postmenopause group and late postmenopause group. Menopause Rating Scale(MRS) was used to measure the quality of life. MRS scores, sociodemographic variables, smoking, alcohol use, age at menopause, and risk factors such as attitude to menopause, depression, history of premenstrual dysphoric disorder were compared between early and late postmenopause groups. Multiple regression analysis was performed in each group to assess the independent contribution of several variables. Results : Early postmenopause group showed significantly higher MRS scores, more negative attitude toward menopause, higher scores of depressive symptoms than late postmenopause group. Moderate to very severe hot flush group showed significantly, more negative attitude toward menopause, higher score of depressive symptoms, and higher MRS scores than none to mild hot flush groups. Depressive symptoms and attitude toward menopause contributed to the severity of menopausal symptom in both early and late postmenopause groups. Chronological age, age at menopause, history of PMDD contributed to severity of menopausal symptoms in early postmenopause group while marital status and occupation contributed in late postmenopause group. Conclusion : Health-related quality of life in postmenopause women was significantly lower in early postmenopause group than the late. Attitude toward menopause and depressive symptoms contributed significantly to quality of life in both early and late postmenopause groups but other variables contributed differently in each group. Further studies on clinical samples of postmenopausal women in order to confirm quality of life and its risk factor are needed to be done.

• 건강소식
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.30-31
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• 2012

일주일에 한두 잔의 술을 몇 차례 마시는 것은 중년 여성의 뼈 건강을 증진시키고, 골다공증 발생 위험을 감소시킬 수 있다는 연구 결과가 나왔다. 우리 몸에 있는 뼈는 재형성 과장을 거쳐 오래된 뼈조직을 지속적으로 제거하고 또 생성하는 살아있는 조직체이다. 골다공증이 있는 사람의 경우 생성된 뼈조직 보다 많은 뼈조직이 손실된다. 특히 폐경 후 여성은 뼈를 단단하게 해주는 에스트로겐 분비 감소로 인해 이러한 위험에 노출될 가능성이 높다고 연구자들은 밝혔다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.97-105
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• 2001

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the Associated factors of bone mineral density in postmenopausal was measured for 36 normal in the women from July 14.2000 to august 24,2000. Methods: The data were collected from women who visited Physical Examination Center of a Catholic university hospital located in Taegu. Bone mineral density(BMD) of lumbar spine was measured using energy absorptiometry. Results: The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine decreased with aging. The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine increased with number of delivery and number of abortion decreased. The mean bone mineral density of the lumbar spine of postmenopausal women in age less than 50 and 50 ${\sim}$ 59 were 0.79 g/c$m^2$, the lumbar spine of postmenopausal women in age greater than 60 was 0.69 g/c$m^2$. The mean bone mineral density of the lumbar spine of postmenopausal women in mean age 56.1. Conclusions: In the multiple regression of risk factors to bone mineral density(BMD) of lumbar spine were correlated with bone mineral density T-scores(p<0.05). Osteoporosis is a major public health problem among the elderly, demanding effective strategic approach for prevention and treatment.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2007

This study was performed for the purpose of providing basic data of the pelvic disorders through survey of the frequency of management of occurrence by major risk factor. Female pelvic mass was detected using sonography, and necessary data were collected from 604 female visitors to a obstetrics and gynecology hospital located at S-si. Female pelvic mass was uterus mass, ovarian mass, cervical cyst, endometrial disease. For the analysis, such variables as age, weight and frequency of pregnancy were chosen as risk factors. Results of the analysis and conclusions are as follows ; 1) The frequency of occurrence of the female pelvic mass is highest, as 38.9% of the component ratio, in the age of 35 to 54. It maintains high level of 35.8% even in the age of 55 and above. 2) The frequency of occurrence of the female pelvic mass increases in proportion as the weight and frequency of pregnancy increase. 3) The size of the uterus tumor has no statistical relationship with the risk factors, age, weight and frequency of pregnancy.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors related to osteoporosis prevalence in postmenopausal women. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis research using data from the Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1), 2019, which were downloaded from the KNHANES website. The subjects of this study were 1,791 postmenopausal women who participated in the KNHANES VIII-1, 2019. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS 21.0 program and complex sample design analysis was performed considering factors such as weight, cluster, and strata. Results: Osteoporosis prevalence of in postmenopausal women was 17.5%. Factors related to osteoporosis prevalence were age (65~74 years old, ≥75 years old), house income (low), household type (one-person household), postmenopausal period (10~19 years), drinking (non-drinking). Conclusion: Interventions for osteoporosis prevention and management in postmenopausal women need to focus on women less than 10 years after menopause and one-person household women. Furthermore, it is necessary to expand bone density testing for the early detection of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.182-187
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• 2019

Women who undergo natural menopause transition have increased numbers of risk factors relating to metabolic syndrome due to estrogen deficiency. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Superhongmi bran extract on metabolic syndrome improvement in menopausal women. Thirty women, who participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, were assigned to placebo-control (n=15) or Superhongmi bran extract (n=15) groups and were asked to consume two tablets (350 mg per extract per tablet) per day. After 12 weeks, weight, body mass index (BMI), plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly decreased, whereas HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), adiponectin, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and GSH (glutathione) concentrations were significantly increased in the Superhongmi bran extract group. Moreover, $17{\beta}-estradiol$, and progesterone levels in the Superhongmi group were significantly higher than those in the placebo-control group. These results suggest that Superhongmi bran extract alleviates metabolic symptom in menopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.449-464
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• 2019

Purpose: North Koreans could be at higher risk for their bone health because of previous periods of severe famine and the continuing low availability of food. This study determined the bone mineral density (BMD) status and its relationship with dietary behaviors and nutrient intake of North Korean refugees (NKR) in South Korea (SK). Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 110 female NKR from a NORNS cohort of a non-probability sample of adult NKR in Seoul. BMD examined by DEXA was used to divide participants into the normal group (NG) and the non-normal group (NNG) according to the WHO guideline. A self-administered questionnaire included questions on age, the socioeconomic situation in North Korea (NK) and SK, the food security in NK and SK, and the health behaviors, dietary behaviors, and food frequency questionnaire administered in SK. A one-day 24-hr recall was conducted and the results were analyzed by using CanPro. SPSS was used to analyze whether BMD and related dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes differed according to the groups. Results: NG (62.7%) was significantly younger and had a lower abdominal obesity score than NNG (p < 0.001). While 14.5% of NG reported experiencing menopause, all of NNG reported experiencing menopause. The NG more frequently consumed the dairy group of foods (9.6 times a week) than did the NNG (4.8 times a week) after the statistics were adjusted for age (p < 0.007). The NG consumed significantly more animal protein and animal calcium than did the NNG (p = 0.01, p = 0.009, respectively). Calcium intake was low with 49.3% of NG, and 78.0% of the NNG reported consuming calcium lower than the estimated average requirement. Only calcium showed an index of nutrient quality lower than one in both groups. Conclusion: These results showed that NKR women and possibly all North Korean women are at high risk for bone health and they consumed low levels of bone-related nutrients, and this should be considered for the nutrition policy for NKR and North Korea.