• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.227-236
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• 2020

Peacekeeping operations (PKO), which were based mainly on military operations in the Cold War era, have become diverse in the post-Cold War era. The history of the PKO of Korean police began in 1994 as two policemen were deployed to Somalia for rebuilding law and order in this country, but the role of Korean police in PKO has been limited so far, compared to that of Korean military. At this point when global conflicts escalate does the UN urge its 193 member states to conduct diverse PKO. In particular, maintaining law and order as the primary duty of police is required strictly for law enforcement while the warring country is being rebuilt. In this regard, some member states such as US, China, and Germany have deployed police force in order to play its role in a direct or indirect manner. On the contrary, the extent of the contribution of Korean police in PKO is too insignificant to measure. To this end, here in the present study were analyzed first the trend of global conflicts and the circumstance of law and order in the conflict regions. Then the PKO of police from countries including Republic of Korea, US, China, and Germany were compared, and so was the chronological change of PKO. Last, a measure to expand the capacity of Korean police and for its active role in PKO was proposed.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.349-384
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• 2013

The Sputnik 1 launching in 1957 made the world recognize the necessity of international regulations on space development and activities in outer space. The United Nations established COPUOS the very next year, and adopted the mandate to examine legal issues concerning the peaceful uses of outer space. At the time, the military sector of the U.S.A. and the Soviet Union were in charge of the space development and they were not welcomed to discuss the prohibition of the military uses of outer space at the legal section in the COPUOS. Although both countries had common interests in securing the freedom of military uses in outer space. As the social and economic benefits derived from space activities have become more apparent, civil expenditures on space activities have continued to increase in several countries. Virtually all new spacefaring states explicitly place a priority on space-based applications to support social and economic development. Such space applications as satellite navigation and Earth imaging are core elements of almost every existing civil space program. Likewise, Moon exploration continues to be a priority for such established spacefaring states as China, Russia, India, and Japan. Recently, Companies that manufacture satellites and ground equipment have also seen significant growth. On 25 February 2012 China successfully launched the eleventh satellite for its indigenous global navigation and positioning satellite system, Beidou. Civil space activities began to grow in China when they were allocated to the China Great Wall Industry Corporation in 1986. China Aerospace Corporation was established in 1993, followed by the development of the China National Space Administration. In Japan civil space was initially coordinated by the National Space Activities Council formed in 1960. Most of the work was performed by the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science of the University of Tokyo, the National Aerospace Laboratory, and, most importantly, the National Space Development Agency. In 2003 all this work was assumed by the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA). Japan eases restrictions on military space development. On 20 June 2012 Japan passed the Partial Revision of the Cabinet Establishment Act, which restructured the authority to regulate Japanese space policy and budget, including the governance of the JAXA. Under this legislation, the Space Activities Commission of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, which was responsible for the development of Japanese space program, will be abolished. Regulation of space policy and budget will be handed over to the Space Strategy Headquarter formed under the Prime Minister's Cabinet. Space Strategy will be supported by a Consultative Policy Commission as an academics and independent observers. By revoking Article 4 (Objectives of the Agency) of a law that previously governed JAXA and mandated the development of space programs for "peaceful purposes only," the new legislation demonstrates consistency with Article 2 of the 2008 Basic Space Law. In conformity with the principles laid down in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty JAXA is now free to pursue the non-aggressive military use of space. New legislation is the culmination of a decade-long process that sought ways to "leverage Japan's space development programs and technologies for security purposes, to bolster the nation's defenses in the face of increased tensions in East Asia." In this connection it would also be very important and necessary to create an Asian Space Agency(ASA) for strengthening cooperation within the Asian space community towards joint undertakings.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.326-333
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• 2023

Purpose: By analyzing how the Mali conflict has progressed over the past decade, the activities of terrorist groups in the Sahel are predicted, and their movements will have implications. Method: In addition to existing study, progress is identified through the media. Result: The Mali conflict has been sustained by the spread of ethnic conflict, Islamic extremism, and military coups. Conclusion: The influence of the international community is being weakened with the withdrawal of France and the intervention of Russia. This indicates that the Mali conflict could be prolonged.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.145-167
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• 2016

UN Security Council is entitled to power for determining the existence of the threat to the peace. Specifying the provisions adopted in accordance with the chapter 7 of the UN Charter, its resolution is deemed as document confirming its decision about the threat to the peace. In general, resolutions adopted by the Security Council acting under Chapter VII of the Charter, are considered binding, in accordance with Article 25 of the Charter. Regarding to the terms of the Resolutions to be interpreted, the word "decide" is used as to the suspension of the ballistic missile program, the word "demand" is used as to the stopping of the the launch of ballistic missile, and the word "demand" is used as to return to the missile test moratorium. These provisions may be deemed to determining specific obligations to be imposed upon the States in accordance with the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. On the other hand, the Resolutions may be limited to the decision, not leading to a sort of international legislation, the main purpose of which is to provide a legal basis for international sanctions against Northe Korea. North Korea missile test case has reminded us of continuing discussion about whether the decision of the Security Council lacks the legislative authority due to its decision process. Furthermore, having regard to the outer space and space activities, the outer space law regime would be not compatible with the Security Council decision process in that the former presupposes the agreement among all States parties, while the latter based upon the agreement between Council member States. Therefore, it is premature to consider the Security Council decision as becoming the lex specialis of the space law regime.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.730-744
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• 2016

This study aims to seek for solution to reinforce affective domain in World Geography instruction using travelog. The result can be summarized as follows. First, The World Geography textbooks are given too much emphasis on cognitive domain. This overevaluation is due to the fact that official World Geography curriculum is concentrated in cognitive domain. Second, Travelogs can be effectively used for reinforcing affective domain in World Geography education. They can reinforce the various attitudes and values that students need. I hope that this study could activate discussion on affective domain and graphic skills in geography education.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.9 no.2 s.46
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• pp.29-33
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• 1970

이 책자는 기본간호의 구성요소를 분석한 것이며 이것은 간호원의 독특한 기능에 관한 다음과 같은 정의에서부터 나온 것이다. 즉 간호는 각개인이 병에 걸려 있거나 혹은 건강할때, 건강이나 질병으로부터의 회복(혹은 평화스러운 죽엄으로)에 도움이 되는 모든 활동을 수행함에 있어서 그를 돕는 일이며 이러한 일들은 만일 그가 필요한 힘, 의지 또는 지식을 가지고 있었다면 다른 사람의 도움없이도 할 수 있었을 것이다. 또한 각 개인이 가능한 한 속히 독립성을 회복하도록 돕는 일도 간호원의 기능인 것이다. 다시 말하면 간호원은 각개인이 다음과 같은 활동을 할 수 있도록 돕는것이다. (1) 정상적으로 호흡한다; (2) 적절하게 먹고 마신다; (3) 모든 배설통로를 통하여 배설한다; (4) 적당한 자세를 유지하고, 운동한다;(걷는 것, 눕는 것, 한 체위에서 다른 체위로 바꾸는 것); (5) 잠자고 휴식한다; (6) 적당한 의복을 선택학, 옷을 입고, 옷을 벗는다; (7) 의복을 적당히 조정하고 환경을 조절함으로써 체온을 정상적으로 유지하도록 한다; (8) 신체를 청결하게, 몸을 단정히 하고 표피를 보호한다; (9) 환경으로부터 오는 위험을 피하고 다른 사람을 손상케 하는 위험을 방지하다록 한다; (10) 감정, 욕구, 공포, 또는 ''느낌''을 표현할 때 다른 사람들과 의사를 소통한다; (11) 그의 신앙에 따라서 예배한다; (12) 성취감을 가져올 수 있는 어떤 작업을 한다; (13) 유희, 또는 각종 오락에 참여한다; (13) 건강한 생활로 ''정상적'' 발전을 할 수 있게 만드는 방법을 배우고, 발견하고 또는 호기심을 만족시킨다.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.241-262
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to explore four-year old children's peer culture. During free choice play time, various activities and interaction patterns were observed and analyzed to understand the characteristics of peer culture. The results of this study showed two main peer culture patterns. First of all, peaceful peer culture in which children maintained close relationships based on mutual respect were found. Also conflictive peer culture in which children had negative relationships with other children, such as vertical, discriminative and neglected relationships were observed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.386-399
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• 2021

This study targets the rapidly growing electric vehicle industry. Currently, China is the world's largest electric vehicle producer, and several global and local companies are adapting to the transition environment of the electric vehicle industry and carrying out various activities. To analyze the causes and environmental characteristics of this transition, we analyzed the activities of the Chinese government, automobile companies, and companies in forward and backward linked industries, which are major actors in the production network. As a result, with full support from the Chinese government, functional changes of existing actors and an increase in the entry of new actors resulted in a transition to an electric vehicle industry space accompanied by new values.

• Strategy21
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• s.39
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• pp.242-250
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• 2016

본 논문은 왜 인도해군이 인도양을 벗어나 태평양 해역으로 진출하려는지에 대한 이유를 설명한다. 인도는 거대한 섬 국가이자, 해양국가이다. 이에 인도해군(Indian Navy: IN)은 인도양에서의 해양안보(maritime security) 활동을 주도하고 있으며, 이는 이 해양에서 발생되고 있는 다양한 비군사적 위협에 대한 기여로 나타나고 있다. 예를 들면 아덴만 해적퇴치작전 등이다. 인도는 지리적으로 중국 등의 대륙국가와 국경을 접하고 있으나, 태평양 연안국가들과 긴밀한 양자간 관계를 유지하고 있으며, 아울러 다양한 다자간 협력체에 적극적으로 참가하고 있다. 후자의 경우 EAS, ARF, ASEAN 등의 협력체이다. 또한 인도는 경제, 사회문화적으로 태평양 연안국가들과 동질성을 갖고 있다. 그 동안 인도해군은 태평양에 대한 많은 기여와 관심을 갖고 있었으며, 이는 서태평양해군심포지움(WPNS) 업저버 국가 등의 다양한 활동 확대에서 발견되고 있다. 인도는 동방정책(India's Look East Policy)를 외교정책으로 채택하고 있으며, 이는 태평양에서의 해양안보에 대한 기여와 참여를 의미한다. 이는 최근까지 왜 인도해군이 중국, 아세안, 한국, 일본 및 호주 등과 긴밀한 해양협력 관계를 유지하고 있는지에 대한 주된 이유를 설명한다. 이러한 인도해군의 기여는 태평양 해양에서의 해양 평화와 번영에 기여할 것으로 전망된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.05b
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• pp.611-617
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• 1997

일본은 고속증식로인 "몬쥬"의 나트륨 누설사고를 계기로 그동안 일반국민 및 지방자치 단체들에게 잠복되어 왔던 국가 원자력정책에 대한 불신이 확산되었다. 그러나 자원빈국인 일본은 원자력의 지속적 개발이 절실한 실정이기 때문에 향후 원자력개발사업을 성공적으로 추진하기 위하여 원자력에 대한 국민의 합의형성이 가장 중요한 문제로 등장하였다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 1996년 3월 원자력위원회 소속 하에 원자력정책원탁회의가 설치되었다. 원탁회의는 그동안 11차례의 회의를 개최한 결과를 정리하여 2회에 걸쳐 원자력위원회에 정책제안을 하였으며, 원자력위원회는 이를 전면적으로 수용하였다. 한편, 국민적 합의 형성을 위한 원자력정책원탁회의의 활동에도 불구하고 원자력 개발의 중심이 중앙에서 지방으로 이전됨에 따라 원자력 행정체제의 근본적 개혁 움직임이 나타나고 있다. 따라서, "원자력장기계획"도 "원자력연구개발장기계획"으로 수정될 전망이다. 그리고 정부주도에 의하여 검토되고 있는 전력시장 자유화를 통한 전력개편은 이를 그대로 적용하기가 다소 어려울 것으로 보인다. 그리고 일본국제포럼은 유라톰과 같은 아시아지역의 원자력공동체의 설립(안)을 제시한 바가 있으며, 이러한 지역협력체를 통하여 원자력의 평화적 이용을 저해하는 여러 가지 장벽들을 어느 정도 극복할 수 있을 것이다.여러 가지 장벽들을 어느 정도 극복할 수 있을 것이다.