• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.97-99
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• 2007

Nail bed malignancies are rare entities. Most nail bed malignancies are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)s. Less than 10% of subungual SCCs occur in the foot. Fifty percent occurred on the hallux and approximately 25% on both the fourth and fifth digits. The correct diagnosis is often delayed because nail bed malignancies are frequently mistaken for benign or infectious processes. SCC on extremities is hard to distinguish from the benign lesion like chronic ulcer, fistula caused by chronic osteomyelitis, and abscess fistula. Attention should especially be paid in diagnosing the subungual lesion because paronychia is a common disease. SCC is the most common carcinoma second to malignant melanoma as a soft tissue malignant tumor in the West, and it involves mainly the head, neck and upper extremities but rarely involves lower extremities, particularly the toes. The authors emphasize the importance of a biopsy for chronic nonhealing lesions by presenting this case.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.65-68
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• 2001

The major manifestations of aplastic anemia are characterized by persistent bone marrow aplasia and peripheral pancytopenia due to defective stem cells in which differentiation is not curtailed or preferential elimination of stem cells with self-renewal capacity, which results in serious complications such as bleeding and infection. Recent advances in the therapeutic modalities, such as bone marrow transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy, and in supportive measures as component transfusion and infection control with better quality of antibiotics resulted in an improved survival and subsequently increased possibility of complications which need surgical intervention. Considering the fact that surgery may not only control complications, but offers the opportunity to give effective therapy for aplastic anemia and therefore improves chances for survival, it is strongly suggested that active surgical intervention should be performed. We report a case of patient with aplastic anemia who had been performed surgical intervention of partial maxillectomy for the squamous cell carcinoma on maxilla without serious complications during perioperative and postoperative period.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.677-680
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• 2007

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma(BSCC) is uncommon and distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises mostly in the upper aerodigestive tract and aggressive, high grade tumor with an increased tendency to be deeply invasive, multifocal, and metastatic even at the initial presentation. The typical microscopic features of carcinoma with a basaloid pattern in intimate association with a squamous component helps in diagnosis of this tumour. Since Wain's report in 1986, BSCC of oral cavity, the palate, floor of the mouth, nasopharynx, oropharynx and mastoid region have been reported. However, BSCC in the nasal cavity or in the paranasal sinuses is rare and there are few reports in the Korean literature. We had experienced a case of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma that occurred in the left maxillary sinus of 72-year-old woman and reported with review of the clinical and pathologic features from the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.198-202
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• 1998

The recurrence of an anterior mediastinal mass was discovered incidentally on the chest film for an asymptomatic 72-year-old female. She underwent the mass resection at the same site in 1989 and was diagnosed as a paraganglioma of the anterior mediastinum. She had poorly controlled hypertension which was converted into normal blood pressure after the first operation. During the follow up, the catecholamine levels were within normal limits, and there were no evidence of recurrence of the tumor. However, 6.3 years later, the mass recurred at the same anterior mediastinum. The patient had no hypertension and catecholamine levels were still within normal limits. The recurring mass was successfully removed and had the same histological findings - recurring paraganglioma.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.309-316
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• 1996

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the gingiva. Oral cancer accounts for 5 percent of all malignant tumors in the body, and 6 percent of these occur in the gingiva. We present one case of squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva in 23-year-old female. She complained of gingival swelling and pain during mastication between left maxillary first molar and second molar. Since she had received scaling 2 years ago, food impaction occurred frequently in this site and an ulcerative lesion recurred several times. When she was referred from local clinic, she had a large, irregularly ulcerated lesion of palatal gingiva between left maxillary first molar and second molar, accompanying induration in center and slight elevation around ulcerative margin. The etiology could not be defined but we could diagnose by careful history taking and excisional biopsy of the recurrent ulcerative lesion. In addition, computed tomography and nuclear medicine imaging were undertaken. As a result, we finally diagnosed as moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma without metastases. It is concluded that if ulcerations do not respond to therapy in the usual manner, it should be biopsed and histologically evaluated for the definitive diagnosis and treatment.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.269-273
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• 2004

Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) associated antigen is a subfraction of TA-4, a tumor-associated antigen first described by Kato and Torigoe in 1977. TA-4, obtained from squamous cell carcinoma cancer tissue of the uterine cervix, has been characterized as a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 45,000 daltons. SCC antigen has been studied in other squamous cell malignancies including lung, esophagus, head and neck, anal canal, and skin. SCC antigen is shed naturally through sweat, saliva and other body fluids. Contamination of specimens, tray, bead dispenser or other accessories with sweat, saliva or aerosols can cause falsely elevated values. To reduce the possibility of contamination, gloves should be worn in all phases of assay preparation, and when handling specimens, accessories or reagents that will be used in SCC and Thyroid function test(TFT).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.548-553
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• 2007

Several investigators have shown that human papillomavirus(HPV) appear to play an etiologic role in oral and paranasal sinus carcinoma. It was known that 15-25% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) showed HPV-positive infection. Among them, HPV 16 was the most common type but HPV 18 was observed only 2-4% of HPV-positive head and neck cancers. In recent, we treated uncommon 2 oral SCC cases that associated with HPV infection. One is a case of tongue SCC after bone marrow transplantation(BMT), and the other is a case of SCC occurring with aspergillosis in the maxillary sinus. After surgery, HPV 16 and 18 were detected in the surgical specimens by the histological and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) examination. In this report, we present these cases with a review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 1998

The mutation of p53 is the most common genetic alteration found in human cancers and has oncogenic properties. mdm-2 is a recently discoverd that controls the p53 activity by binding of its protein, so negative feedback loop has been suggested in which p53 induces mdm-2 expression. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of p53 in leukoplakias, mdm-2 in squamous cell carcinomas, and relationship between p53 and mdm-2 expression in leukoplakias and squamous cell carcinomas. The results were as follows : 1) The p53 was expressed 33.4% in leukoplakias 2) The mdm-2 was expressed 8.3% in leukoplakias and 22.7% in squamous cell carcinomas. 3) The expression rate of p53 was higher in specimens negative for mdm-2 than in specimens positive for mdm-2, but there was not significant relationship between p53 and mdm-2 expression. In conclusion p53 was thought to participate in early phase of oncogenesis, and mdm-2 was thought to have a role as a oncogene in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. Though there was not significant relationship between p53 and mdm-2 expression, mdm-2 was thought to inhibit p53 activity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.854-861
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• 1997

CYPRA 21-1 is known to be a cytokeratin 19 fragment, and it can be detected by using two specific monoclonal antibodies (KS 19-1 and BM 19-21) and can be clinically applied as a useful circulating tumor marker The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) expression was evaluated and characterized by its tyrosine protein kinase activity and by its ligand-stimulated autophosphorylation, a property shared with other peptide growth factor receptors. Autocrine or para'urine action was initiated by a growth factor, or by a transforming growth factor o, which had an extensive homology with EGP and which also stimulated tyrosine kinase activity on the EGF-R. The CYFRA 21-1 and the EGF-R levels in 30 patients with primary lung tumors were investigated. There were 24 patients with squamous cell carcinomas and 6 patients with adenocarcinomas. Specimen 5 mm3 in size were sampled at three different locations ; the main lesion, the boundary between the lesion and the unaffected tissue, and the unaffected tissue of the patients. The results were as follows 1. The CYPRA 21-1 concentration in the cancer boundary, the most malignant region,(348.6 : 89.9 ng/ml) was the lowest value. The CYFRA 21-1 concentration in unaffected tissue,(718.4$\pm$77.8 ng/ml) was higher than that in the main lesion. which had intact cellularity. 2. The EGF-R concentration in the main lesion was higher than that in the unaffected tissue, and the EGF-R concentration in a squamous cell cacinoma was higher than that in an adenocarcinoma. also, the EGF-R concentration in the cancer b undary was highest at stage 1, ll. The EGF-R concentration was higher in the main cancer lesion that in the unaffected tissue at stage 111, IV. 3. The CYFRA 21-1 was a cytoplasmic skeleton and the EGF-R was a cell-wall component; there was no correlation. In conclusion, CYFRA 21-1 was abundant in the cytoplasm but had a higher concentration in the unaffected tissue than in the main cancer lesion. The CYFRA 21-1 concentration of the tissue did not reflect the amount of cancer activity, the EGP-R was located in the cell membrane, the level of tissue that reflects cancer activity, so the main cancer lesion had a higher concentration than the unaffected tissue. CYFRA 21-1 is not a useful tumor maker at the tissue level. Because the EGF-R concentration re(looted the cancer activity, its a useful tumor marker for lung cancer.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2002

Background and Objectives: The expression of telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein complex, has been detected in tissues from many human cancers, but not in the majority of normal tissues except germ cell. It is believed that the activation of telomerase is linked to celluar immortality and may playa role in tumorigenesis. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has been identified as a putative catalytic subunit of human telomerase and its expression is closely correlated with telomease activity. We studied the expression of hTERT in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and resection margin by immunohistochemistry for hTERT and evaluate the correlation between hTERT expression and clinical data in HNSCC. Materials and Methods: We performed a immunohistochemistry in 17 cases of HNSCC and 10 cases of resection margins, histologically normal. The correlations between the hTERT expression and the clinical data in HNSCC were analyzed. Result: hTERT immunoreactivities were detected in 14 of 17 (82.4%) HNSCC, 1 of 10 (10%) resection margin. No correlation was observed between clinical data and hTERT expression in HNSCC. Conclusion: hTERT is activated in HNSCC and its expression is independent from clinical data of patients.