• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.198-207
• /
• 2010

The construction and performance characteristics of doxepin hydrochloride selective electrodes were developed. Three types of electrodes: plastic membrane I, coated wire II, and coated graphite rod III were constructed based on the incorporation of doxepin hydrochloride with ammonium reineckate. The influence of membrane composition, kind of plasticizer, pH of the test solution, soaking time, and foreign ions on the electrodes was investigated. The electrodes showed a Nernstain response with a mean slope of 57.41 ${\pm}$ 0.5, 56.22 ${\pm}$ 0.2 and 52.88 ${\pm}$ 0.7 mV at $25^{\circ}C$ for electrode I, II and III respectively, over Doxepin hydrochloride concentration range from $1{\times}10^{-2}-1{\times}10^{-6}M$, $5{\tims}10^{-2}-1{\times}10^{-6}M$ and $1{\times}10^{-3}-5{\times}10^{-6}M$, and with a detection limit $5.0{\times}10^{-7}M$, $6.3{\times}10^{-7}M$ and $2.5{\times}10^{-6}M$ for electrode I, II and III respectively. The constructed electrodes gave average selective precise and usable within the pH range 3 - 7. Interferences from common cations, alkaloids, sugars, amino acids and drug excipients were reported. The results obtained by the proposed electrodes were also applied successfully to the determination of the drug in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2004

Vertical distributions of $^{137}Cs\;and\;^{90}Sr$ activities are studied for the soils of six areas, Korea (Gori, Yeonggwang, Uljin, Weolseong, Goseong and Jeju). The soils from 6 areas are at geographically different locations with the different environmental conditions and parent rook. The activities of $^{137}Cs\;and\;^{90}Sr$ vary N.D.(below detection limit) to 185 Bq/kg and 2.79 - 8.06 Bq/kg, respectively. Activities of $^{137}Cs\;and\;^{90}Sr$ show the highest value at the surface soil and decrease with depth. $^{137}Cs$ activities at the top surface soils are positively correlated with annual precipitation and organic carbon content with little relationship with mean grain size and the clay content. The highest $^{137}Cs$activities are found at the Jeju site, followed by the Goseong site of which soils have much different parent rock and textural properties. Though the activities of $^{137}Cs\;and\;^{90}Sr$ on the basis of dry weight are higher in Jeju soils than in Goseong soils, their inventories are similar in both soils due to their textural differences.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 2004

Volatile components in flower and seed of safflower were identified. Volatile flavor compounds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) was extracted by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction method using Likens and Nickerson's extraction apparatus. Concentrated extract was analyzed and identified by gas chromatography and GC-mass spectrometry. Main volatile components in flower were terpene compounds, including p-cymene, limonene, ${\alpha}-phellandrene$, ${\gamma}-terpinene$, camphor, 4-terpineol, selinene, ${\beta}-caryophyllene$, torreyol, ${\beta}-eudesmol$, and 10 acids including 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, and acids of $C_{2},\;C_{5}-C_{11}$. Main volatile components in seed and safflower were 20 aldehydes including hexanal (7.17%), (E)-2-heptenal (1.10%), (E,Z)-2,4-decadienal and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.174-179
• /
• 2015

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) has been used by Dynamic Positioning (DP) system for risk and reliability analysis. However, there are limitations associated with its implementation in offshore project. 1) since the failure data measured from the SCADA system is missing or unreliable, assessments of Severity, Occurrence, Detection are based on expert's knowledge; 2) it is not easy for experts to precisely evaluate the three risk factors. The risk factors are often expressed in a linguistic way. 3) the relative importance among three risk factors are rarely even considered. To solve these problems and improve the effectiveness of the traditional FMEA, we suggest a Fuzzy-FMEA method for risk and failure mode analysis in Dynamic Positioning System of offshore. The information gathered from DP FMEA report and DP FMEA Proving Trials is expressed using fuzzy linguistic terms. The proposed method is applied to an offshore Dynamic Positioning system, and the results are compared with traditional FMEA.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.1252-1258
• /
• 1998

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with rice proteins was used to discriminate 10 domestic rice cultivars in less than 25 min. Most cultivars were differentiated quickly and easily using P-ACN buffer system. CE of rice prolamins allowed classifying ten varieties of Korean rice into three groups. Peak h was characteristic peak for Dongjinbyeo, Gaehwabyeo and Yongnambyeo which were classified into the group of Dongjinbyeo. Chuchungbyeo, Odaebyeo, Mangeumbyeo and Bonggwangbyeo easily differentiated from the group of Dongjinbyeo by the absence of peak h which were classified into the group of Chuchungbyeo. Peak g typical for Illpumbyeo, Hwaseungbyeo and Hwayoungbyeo accounted for 70% of total peak area. They belong to the group of Illpumbyeo. Some cultivars showed specific peak patterns among ten cultivars, Illpumbyeo was differentiated from others by several peaks between peak c and peak f, and the peak d was apparently detected in Odaebyeo not in others. Other minor differences were also found within each group. The result of the study showed that CE has potential for discrimination of rice cultivars. It also possesses the inherent advantages such as low mass requirements, fast seperations, and quantitative analysis through on-capillary UV detection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.232-239
• /
• 2009

This research investigated the characteristics of antibiotic resistance of bacteria in microbial communities from municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs), and monitored seasonal changes of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) from MWTPs and Han river. When antibiotics were amended to either R2A agar (R2A) for general heterotrophs or MacConeky sorbitol agar (MSA) for coliform bacteria, all the MWTP samples exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance on the antibiotic-amended solid media. The antibiotic resistance appearing frequencies of ampicillin and sulfathiazole, respectively, were higher than reported data for other countries. The antibiotic resistance appearances differed depending upon the concentrations of primary substrate and nutrients and the types of cultivation media. The following 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis showed that the identified multiple-antibiotic resistant microbes on R2A plates were more likely to be known human-pathogenic bacteria than the background heterotrophic bacteria were, suggesting a high risk of antibiotic resistance appearance to public health. In addition, according to our investigation of seasonal changes of ARB from urban MWTP and river samples, the frequency of ARB appearances was shown to correlate positively with temperature. This indicates a possibility that global warming result in increase in microbial risk to public health.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2018

Recently, the use of image stitching technology has been increasing as the number of contents based on virtual reality increases. Image Stitching is a method for matching multiple images to produce a high resolution image and a wide field of view image. The image stitching is used in various fields beyond the limitation of images generated from one camera. Image Stitching detects feature points and corresponding points to match multiple images, and calculates the homography among images using the RANSAC algorithm. Generally, corresponding points are needed for calculating conversion relation. However, the corresponding points include various types of noise that can be caused by false assumptions or errors about the conversion relationship. This noise is an obstacle to accurately predict the conversion relation. Therefore, RANSAC algorithm is used to construct an accurate conversion relationship from the outliers that interfere with the prediction of the model parameters because matching methods can usually occur incorrect correspondence points. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that extracts more accurate inliers and computes accurate transformation relations by using correspondence point relation information used in RANSAC algorithm. The correspondence point relation information uses distance ratio between corresponding points used in image matching. This paper aims to reduce the processing time while maintaining the same performance as RANSAC.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2007

Five dogs with renal failure were referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at Kangwon National University. These dogs had the common history of consumption of Pedigree dry dog food produced in Thailand plant for over 1 month. The dogs showed anorexia, emaciation, vomiting, and polydipsia/polyuria. And in one severely affected dog, bloody diarrhea and hypothermia were seen. The remarkable clinicopathological signs were high value of BUN and creatinine. In some dogs, GGT, phosphorus and lipase were increased. However, no significant changes of complete blood count were found. In urinalysis, hematuria, low specific gravity urine, proteinuria, and calcium oxalate-like crystals were observed. Two severely affected dogs were died. The remained dogs were recovered gradually after change of dog food and supportive therapy. Pathological findings were seen typically in kidneys. Renal atrophy, congestion of the glomerular capillary, and diffuse degeneration, necrosis, dystrophic calcification and regeneration in the tubular epithelium were seen. Yellowish brown fluorolucent laminated materials or particles were quite often found in the lumina of the necrotizing renal tubules of cortex and medulla. Proliferation of fibrous tissue in the interstitium was also seen. By the mycotoxin analysis of the Pedigree dry dog food, ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin were detected as much as the concentration of 372.8 ppb and 8.3 ppb, respectively. The final diagnosis of renal failure caused by OTA and citrinin toxicosis was made on the basis of history takings, clinical signs, clinicopathological and pathological findings, and analysis of mycotoxins.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.231-245
• /
• 2007

The forged iron axe of the middle 3rd Century found in the No. 2 wood-framed tomb from the Hwangseongdong site, Gyeongju is rectangular on the plane level. The iron axe shines in met-allic luster, which is light grey with pale creamy tint. The result of X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the axe consists of magnetite and geothite, which can explain why the composition and texture of the original ore has been kept intact. There are fine-grained quartz, calcite, mica, magnetite, amphibole, unknown tungsten minerals, pyroxene and olivine inside the axe. Those must be the impurities that they failed to remove in the thermal treatment process. Generally, the iron axe consists mainly of pearlite texture coexisting ferrite and cementite, and show high carbon contents with homogeneous distribution. It can be interpreted the axe was carburized after the material was made to resemble pure iron. The decarbonization work didn't go well along the process marks. Crude ores of the iron axe are possible utilized by magnetite from the Ulsan mine on the basis of the occurrences and inclusions. It's estimated that the original ore was bloom produced in low-temperature reduction and formed around in $727^{\circ}C$, which is eutetic temperature.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 2015

Purpose: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection in children and Escherichia coli is a predominant pathogen. The purpose of this study is to evaluate phylogenetic groups and virulence factors of E. coli causing UTI in children in Korea. Methods: From October 2010 to April 2013, urinary E. coli strains were isolated from the 33 pediatric patients of UTI. Multiplex polymerase chain reactions were performed to evaluate the phylogenetic groups and 5 virulence factor genes (fimH, sfa, papA, hylA, and cnf1) of E. coli. Distribution of molecular characteristics of E. coli was analyzed by clinical diagnosis and accompanying vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Results: Most (84.8%) uropathogenic E. coli were belonged to phylogenetics group B2 and the others (15.2%) were belonged to group D. The virulence factors were distributed as: fimH (100%), sfa (100%), hylA (63.6%), cnfI (63.6%), and papA (36.4%). According to clinical diagnosis, phylogenetic distribution of E. coli strain was 92.3% of B2 and 7.7% of D in acute pyelonephritis and 57.1% of B2 and 42.9% of D in cystitis. Distribution of virulence factors was similar in both groups. In patients with acute pyelonephritis, phylogenetic distribution was similar in VUR and non-VUR group, but proportion of papA genes were lower in VUR group than that of non-VUR group (43.8% vs. 20.0%, P=0.399). Conclusions: This study provides current epidemiologic molecular data of E. coli causing pediatric UTI in Korea and will be a fundamental for understanding the pathogenesis of pediatric UTI.