• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.85-89
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• 2023

최근 급변하는 세계 경제 환경에서 창업기업은 혁신, 고용 및 경제 활력의 핵심 동력으로 등장했다. 그러나 초기 창업 기업이 성장하는 여정에는 많은 어려움이 따르며, 이 과정에서 엔젤투자자의 역할이 필수적이다. 초기 창업 시장의 촉매제 역할을 하는 엔젤투자자는 필요한 자본을 제공할 뿐만 아니라 경영 노하우 및 네트워크를 통해 창업기업이 성공할 수 있도록 지원한다. 그러나 최근 데이터에 따르면 신생 기업 중 엔젤 투자의 혜택을 받는 기업은 1.4%에 불과한 것으로 나타나 창업기업의 잠재력과 지원 사이에는 분명한 공백이 존재한다. 이 연구는 지속가능한 경제 성장을 위해 창업 생태계의 중요한 요소인 엔젤투자자의 위험회피 성향을 이해함으로써 이들의 투자 행동, 의사결정 프로세스에 대한 통찰력을 얻을 수 있다. 위험회피가 엔젤투자에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 엔젤투자가 활성화 될 수 있는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해 위험회피 성향이 엔젤투자에 대한 관심도와 실제 투자 활동 간의 관계를 추정해보고자 한다. 위험회피 성향이 엔젤투자자에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 탐색하는 것에 중점을 두고, 엔젤투자자의 행동과 관심사에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인들을 포함하여 진행한다. 연구 표본은 서울 및 경기 지역의 일반 성인과 엔젤투자자로 설문조사를 통해 필요한 데이터를 수집한다. 이 연구는 위험회피 성향이 엔젤투자 결정에 어떻게 반영되는지에 대한 깊은 이해를 제공하고, 엔젤투자 활성화를 위한 정책 및 전략을 수립하는데 중요한 통찰력을 제공할 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.360-373
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• 2017

The BTO-a projects is the types, which has a demand risk among the type of PPP projects in Korea. When demand risk is realized, private investor encounters financial difficulties due to lower revenue than its expectation and the government may also have a problem in stable infrastructure operation. In this regards, the government has applied various risk sharing policies in response to demand risk. However, the amount of government's risk sharing is the government's contingent liabilities as a result of demand uncertainty, and it fails to be quantified by the conventional NPV method of expressing in the text of the concession agreement. The purpose of this study is to estimate the value of investment risk sharing by the government considering the demand risk in the profit sharing system (BTO-a) introduced in 2015 as one of the demand risk sharing policy. The investment risk sharing will take the form of options in finance. Private investors have the right to claim subsidies from the government when their revenue declines, while the government has the obligation to pay subsidies under certain conditions. In this study, we have established a methodology for estimating the value of investment risk sharing by using the Black - Scholes option pricing model and examined the appropriateness of the results through case studies. As a result of the analysis, the value of investment risk sharing is estimated to be 12 billion won, which is about 4% of the investment cost of the private investment. In other words, it can be seen that the government will invest 12 billion won in financial support by sharing the investment risk. The option value when assuming the traffic volume risk as a random variable from the case studies is derived as an average of 12.2 billion won and a standard deviation of 3.67 billion won. As a result of the cumulative distribution, the option value of the 90% probability interval will be determined within the range of 6.9 to 18.8 billion won. The method proposed in this study is expected to help government and private investors understand the better risk analysis and economic value of better for investment risk sharing under the uncertainty of future demand.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.5-28
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• 2009

As a result of this study only a few Korean firms have a certain management methods designed to predict the possibility of risk occurrence and establishment of systematic countermeasure. Besides, the Korean firms do not have enough data on the risk of Chinese Market. The risk management department inside the firm does not function efficiently, and when it comes to investigation of risk, it heavily depends on that of local branches. Accordingly, in order to accurately recognize and manage, the firms need to not only specialize risk management department but also outsource by using a consulting firm.

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.247 no.3
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• pp.18-21
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• 2003

ESCO는 제3자의 에너지사용시설에 선투자한 후 이 투자시설에서 발생하는 에너지절감액으로 투자비와 이윤을 회수하는 기업으로서 에너지사용자는 투자 위험없이 에너지절약 시설투자가 가능하고 ESCO는 투자수익성을 보고 투자위험을 부담하는 벤처형사업으로 정의된다.

• Korean small business review
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.89-107
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• 2017

This study investigates the effect of risk avoiding activities and characteristic of venture capital on the financial performance of invested companies. Based on the review on the literature, we present staged financing, syndicated investment and preferred stock investment as the measurements for risk avoiding activities. Types and age of venture capital were chosen as the variables for characteristic. The financial performance data of the invested companies was derived from their publicly announced yearly financial report. Data were analysed using logistic regression technique. The result show that syndicated investment and independent venture capital have positive influence on the growth of sales revenue and asset of the invested companies. Age of venture capital appears to be positively associated with growth of sales revenue. Staged financing and preferred stock investment, however, have no impact on any financial growth and profitability. Activities and characteristic of venture capital show no influence on the profitability.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.17
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• pp.137-151
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• 2004

Wrap accounts are customized financial services for which investment companies and stock brokers manage investors assets based on their preferences. The success of wrap accounts depend upon the accurate understanding of investment risk propensity and the proper designing of financial portfolio. To this end investment companies should accurately measure investors investment risk propensity with calibrated measures. There, unfortunately, exist few highly calibrated measures of investment risk propensity. Therefore the practices of marketing strategies and customer management often turn out to be less effective and fragile to competition. The purposes of this present study aim to understand the investment risk propensity of wrap accounts customers, to help classify the customers based on the degree of the investment risk propensity, and to implement relevant marketing strategies for different groups of customers. Based on previous studies, two hypotheses were delineated and verified. The findings of the study should help differentiate prospective customers into unique and accessible segments for further targeting and positioning wrap account markets.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.223-262
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• 1992

This paper develops a theory of the demand for insurance. The present model incorporates insurance demand time value of insurance premium, and demand for listless and risky assets simultaneously within the expected utility framework. For a special case of CARA, an insurance decision can be made separately from other portfolio decisions. However, in general, the interactions of both decisions cannot be ignored even when insurable and speculative risks are stochastically independent. In particular, the role of risky investment in hedging insurable risk is demonstrated and it is shown that this role cannot be duplicated by an insurance contract. When the investment decision is made simultaneously with the insurance decision, some of the classic theory on insurance should be modified. As an example, the authors characterize the sufficient conditions, under which the Bernoulli criteria (without and with premium loadings) hold or are violated in terms of the net gain of risky investment, the net cost of insurance, and the stochastic relationship between insurable and speculative risks. The authors interpret the results using the Rothschild and Stiglitz's (1970) notion of 'increase in riskiness'.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.102-109
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• 2012

One of key success factors in PPI(Public Private Investment) is the structure of risk sharing between the public and the private, and the determination mechanism of fair return to private participants relative to the risk that private participants undertake. In Korea, two basic types of PPI exist. One is BTO and the other is BTL. In BTO, most risks are taken by the private whereas the opposite is the case in BTL. No intermediate form exists. As a result, BTO type projects had difficulty in attracting private participants because of the excessive risks. In this study, one intermediate form is studied where demand risk is shared between the public and the private. In the setting where the public authority takes all the project revenues and then pays ladder type payments to private participants depending upon the level of project revenues, appropriate level of fixed payments is endogenously derived using the real option pricing model. From the fixed payments, expected investment returns are calculated based upon a certain distributional assumption. The results of this study is expected to help introducing diverse forms of PPI in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.157-178
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• 1999

본 연구는 B/M, E/P, C/P, S/P 등이 높은 주식(가치주)을 매입하는 전락, 즉 역행투자전략 또는 가치전략의 투자성과가 B/M, E/P, C/P, S/P 등이 낮은 주식(성장주)을 매입하는 전략, 즉 성장전략의 투자성과보다 높게 나타나는지를 확인하고 그 원인을 살펴보았다. 실증분석결과에 의하면 가치주에 투자하는 역행투자전략의 투자성과는 지속적으로 크게 나타나며, 통계적으로도 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 가치주의 위험도는 성장주에 비해 상대적으로 높게 나타나고 있으나, 그 위험차이에 의해 높은 수익률차이를 설명할 수 없는 것으로 보인다. 결론적으로 가치주를 매입하는 전략, 즉 역행투자전략에 의해서 높은 투자성과를 얻을 수 있으며, 이는 위험보다는 투자자들의 비합리적인 부분최적화 행동(suboptimal behavior)에 기인한 것으로 판단된다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.31-61
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to calculate the economic value of transport demand forecasting risks in the road PPP project. Under the assumption that volatility of the road PPP project value occurs only in regard with uncertainty of traffic volume forecasting, this study calculates the economic value of the traffic forecasting risks in the case of the road PPP project. To that end, forecasted traffic volume is assumed to be a stochastic variable and to follow the Geometric Brownian motion as time passes. In particular, this study attempts to differentiate itself from existing studies that simply use an arbitrary assumption by presenting the application of different traffic volume growth volatility and the rates before and after the ramp-up period. Analysis of the case projects reveals that the risk premium related to traffic volume forecast of the project turns out as 7.39~8.30%, without considering option value-such as minimum revenue guarantee-while the project value volatility caused by transport demand forecasting risks is 17.11%. As the discount rate grows higher, the project value volatility tends to decrease and volatility in project value is always suggested to be larger than that in transport volume influenced by leverage effect due to fixed expenditure. The market value of transport demand forecasting risk-calculated using the project value volatility and risk premium-is analyzed to be between 0.42~0.50, implying that a 1% increase or decrease in the transport amount volatility would lead to a 0.42~0.50% increase or decrease in risk premium of the project.