• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.767-787
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• 2018

Technology-driven innovation and job-creation has each been the subject of much scholarly attention, but have largely been considered separately rather than in conjunction with each other. While the previous literature on economics pinpointed the macro effects on industry-level, this study explores the micro-level comparisons on innovation sources over the employment and financial performances. The PSM (propensity-score matching) analysis presents that firms, involved in an inward technology, tend to have higher employees with dominant technology capabilities than in-house R&D firms. The in-house R&D firms, on the contrary, have superior financial performances, suggesting that external technology commercialized firms suffer from low transformative efficiency. The mediation test analysis corroborates that the external technology-driven innovation induces more human resources in internalizing the exogenous technology. The positive relationship between R&D innovation and employment allow verification of the government's intervention in the promotion of technology commercialization in public sector. On the other hand, it also signals that the policy needs to enhance the recipient firms' commercializing capacity rather than a 'one-hit' transaction.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.42-60
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• 2013

In the information age, it is common to use the computer for company's business. Even though there are lots of investment to prevent the abuse of computer, the frequency and amount is increasing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is how individuals misusing computers in the company, and identifying factors of it separated by group and personal characteristics. Code of ethics and discipline has a significant impact on attitude and intention from the view of organizational characteristics. This proofs that code of ethics is clearly codified and reflect the management policy. So, it imprints employee's commitment to protect themselves, and this could be conjunction with the company's policy. Moreover, reflecting on performance assesment and discipline also has a effect. Organizational loyalty appeared significantly in attitude, but was not important in intentions. This means that the intensity of organizational loyalty is not always connected to the abuse of computer. It can be depending on individual's tendency, psychological state and organization mood. The action for misusing the computer has a significant impact on attitude and intention. Those people might have a strong tendency to judge that it is totally fine to use the company's computer as long as it does not harm others and using during non-business hours, instead of thinking that it is inappropriate to use the company's computer not for business intention.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.33-75
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• 2011

The ownership structure of a franchise system is determined by the franchisor's strategic choice. A close look at the extant theories and perspectives in economics and management such as resource scarcity theory, agency theory, transaction cost analysis, and mixed ownership theory reveals that firms choose their ownership structure for the sake of economic efficiency, profit potentials, the chance of survival, and other strategic concerns. The present study, on the basis of strategic choice perspective, reviews the divergent theories of a franchise system's ownership structure and its determinants, thus providing a theoretical framework for comparing the contradictory arguments along the several critical dimensions. We also developed and tested the conflicting hypotheses regarding key determinants of ownership structure including firm's age, size, transaction-specific investments, uncertainty, and risk-sharing propensity. Using a FDD (Franchise Disclosure Document) data set of 543 Korean franchisors, we found that the years in business, the total number of employees, days of training, the inverse of the years of franchising, and the requirement of royalty payment have positive relationships with the proportion of company-owned outlets to total number of outlets. On the other hand, the proportion of company-owned outlets was found to have negative relationships with the total number of outlets and the extent of geographic dispersion of outlets, but to have no significant relationships with the initial investment required and the inverse of contract length. Based on the findings, we provide several theoretical and managerial implications for studying ownership structure of franchise systems.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.534-549
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• 2012

This study analyzed the effects of housing wealth on the balance accounts of elderly households with an age of over 60 facing the asset decumulation period, capitalizing upon an ordered logit model for the 2011 household finance survey data. Out of some variables representing personal and social characteristics, the age and waged worker variables had a positive effect, but the number of household, low education level, living in the apartment and capital region variables negatively affected the balance accounts of elderly households. Some variables reflecting economic wealth and financial strategies such as the attitude of risk-taking, ordinary income and the ratio of financial assets had a positive impact, but other variables such as DSR did a negative one on the balance accounts of the elderly households. The ownership of housing wealth variable positively, but the ratio of housing assets variable negatively affected the balance accounts of the elderly households, which could be derived from the duality of housing as both consumption goods and assets. However, the ownership of other real estates and the ratio of them in the total assets variables had a negative impact on the balance accounts of the elderly households. Furthermore, since the financial asset-debt ratio worsened the balance accounts of the elderly households with both housing and other real estates, it is implied that the purchase of real estates with excessive bank loans could make them dangerous.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2011

Since the early 1990s, Korean construction companies have strived to evolve into global Engineering Construction (EC) companies. However, such efforts have been unsuccessful, partly due to a lack of clear objectives and a misunderstanding of the direction that needed to be taken for such a change. A better understanding is required with respect to the need to transform into an EC company in the context of the rapidly changing global construction environment. This research investigates major EC companies from around the world, and assesses the status of domestic companies' efforts for EC transition. The results of these investigations revealed that domestic firms need to better prioritize their strengths for different markets, i.e., decide whether to implement directly, outsource or limit to process management. In addition, the investigations showed that the global market is shifting from monolithic projects to more complex projects. Such projects require firms with the ability to develop and implement high front-end investment strategies, planning capabilities, and pre-design management skills. Accordingly, we recommend that firms differentiate themselves by developing such a skill set required for specific products.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-36
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• 2020

This study is to reveal the acceptance factors of the Market Sentiment Index (MSI) created by reflecting the investor sentiment extracted by processing unstructured big data. The research model was established by exploring exogenous variables based on the rational behavior theory and applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The acceptance of MSI provided to investors in the stock market was found to be influenced by the exogenous variables presented in this study. The results of causal analysis are as follows. First, self-efficacy, investment opportunities, Innovativeness, and perceived cost significantly affect perceived ease of use. Second, Diversity of services and perceived benefits have a statistically significant impact on perceived usefulness. Third, Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a statistically significant effect on attitude to use. Fourth, Attitude to use statistically significantly influences the intention to use, and the investment opportunities as an independent variable affects the intention to use. Fifth, the intention to use statistically significantly affects the final dependent variable, the intention to use continuously. The mediating effect between the independent and dependent variables of the research model is as follows. First, The indirect effect on the causal route from diversity of services to continuous use intention was 0.1491, which was statistically significant at the significance level of 1%. Second, The indirect effect on the causal route from perceived benefit to continuous use intention was 0.1281, which was statistically significant at the significance level of 1%. The results of the multi-group analysis are as follows. First, for groups with and without stock investment experience, multi-group analysis was not possible because the measurement uniformity between the two groups was not secured. Second, the analysis result of the difference in the effect of independent variables of male and female groups on the intention to use continuously, where measurement uniformity was secured between the two groups, In the causal route from usage attitude to usage intention, women are higher than men. And in the causal route from use intention to continuous use intention, males were very high and showed statistically significant difference at significance level 5%.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-34
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• 2022

This study examines the effect of CEO age on the value relevance of R&D which is the relationship between R&D expenditures and firm value. The value relevance of R&D expenditures is higher in companies with current older CEOs, while the relationship in companies with younger CEOs is lower than that of other companies. These results suggest that older CEOs tend to be conservative and make prudent R&D investment decisions. Because they make systematic investment decisions with rich experience, they are expected to have higher investment performance in the market. On the other hand, young CEOs choose risky investments in order to have their abilities highly evaluated in the labor market. The market places a high degree of risk on the R&D decision-making of young CEOs. Next, we analyze whether the age of the replaced CEOs affects the relationship between R&D expenditures and firm value. The result shows that the change of management increases the effect of R&D expenditure on firm value. However, in the case of being replaced by a younger CEO, this positive relationship becomes lower than that of other companies, showing results consistent with the case of the current younger CEO. The samples are analyzed by dividing them into conglomerates and non-conglomerates. In conglomerates, the age of the replaced CEOs does not affect the value relevance of R&D expenditures. Only non-conglomerates showed a negative (-) effect on the replaced younger CEOs. These results suggest that conglomerates maintain the stability of R&D management and performance so that the performance of R&D expenditures is not significantly affected by the age of the replaced CEOs. The reason is that mutual checks and support are coordinated within the group through decentralization of work and systematization of decision-making. This study shows evidence that the relationship between R&D expenditure and firm value according to the age of the replaced CEO is a phenomenon that only occurs in non-conglomerates. This phenomenon suggests that conglomerates are stably managing their R&D performance regardless of the change of CEOs or the characteristics of the CEOs.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.01a
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• pp.121-126
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• 2006

최근 사이버교육의 필요성이 대두됨에 따라서 초 중등에서는 사이버가정학습체제를 도입하게 되었다. 하지만 사이버가정학습은 학생의 자발성에 기초하여 학습이 이루어지기 때문에 성공적인 운영을 위해서는 학습자의 참여도를 높이는 것이 중요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 학습자의 참여도와 관련된 변인이 무엇인지를 밝혀보고, 이를 통해 학습자의 참여도를 높이기 위한 방안을 제안해 보았다. 학습자의 참여도와 관련있는 변인은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학습자 내적변인 중 인지적 성향, 정좌소양수준, 자기주도적학습력, 참여목적, 사이버가정학습에 대한 인식이었다. 둘께, 학습자 외적변인 중 사이버가정학습장, 사교육투자시간, 학급담임의 내용확인도, 이용의 편의성이었다 셋째, 사이버교수활동 중 상호작용성, 과제제시빈도, 학습상담유형, 보상이었다. 넷째, 학부모변인 중 참여인지, 도움도, 내용확인 정도가 참여도에 유의한 영향을 준다고 나타났다. 이상과 같은 결과에 비추어 다음과 같은 방안을 제안해 보았다. 콘텐츠 측면에서 살펴보면, 다양한 양질의 콘텐츠가 제공되어야 한다. 콘텐츠 내에서 학생간이 교류가 이루어질 수 있어야하며, 정보탐색이나 정보교류를 이용한 학습문제나 과제가 제시되어야 한다. 운영상의 측면에서 살펴보면, 온라인과 오프라인의 교류와 협력을 위한 장이 마련되어야 하며, 시스템 환경을 최적화해야한다. 과제물도 일괄 처리할 수 있는 시스템이 요구되며, 가정과 사이버가정학습의 연결을 위한 시스템이 필요하다. 장애처리전담반의 운영도 요구된다. 필요한 기능을 중심으로 한 가벼운 시스템으로 구축해야 하며, 상담시스템의 구축이 필요하다. 법적 제도적 측면에서 살펴보면, 가정, 학교, 지역도서관 등에 사이버가정학습을 할 수 있는 장소가 마련되어야 한다. 학습자의 참여도에 대한 적절한 보상이 필요하다. 사이버가정학습을 학교수업의 일부분으로 인식할 수 있도록 제도적 뒷받침이 요구되며, 학부모 튜터제 도입도 요구된다. 이상과 같은 대안들을 신중히 고려하여 차근차근 준비해 간다면 앞으로의 사이버가정학습은 무한한 발전을 계속해 나갈 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3223-3231
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• 2010

For a long time, most of advanced countries have supported the innovative firms with various support methods such as tax credit, subsidy, human resource education, and so on. Tax credit for innovation is the most popular industrial policy in these countries including Korea. However, in Korea, the effect of tax credit policy has been rarely analyzed. On the other hand, a considerable number of studies discover that tax credit policy in other countries influences positively on invest of R&D expenditure. This paper shows that tax credit policy positively influences on firm's innovation performances in Korea. The evaluated innovative effect of tax credit policy in this paper is more persuasive because it introduces various innovation performance variables including patent application with Propensity score matching method(PSM).

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.83-108
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• 2012

College students show keen interest in advertising contest, and some contests link with class so that students participate the contest as a class assignment. But the interest is not just limited to students but to businesses. Until now five studies was made on this subject, and major findings of those dissertations are given to activating contest participation, corporate ethics and industrial-educational cooperation. It seems not enough to explain the over-heated phenomenon with the results, so that more research should be made on advertising contest. Required studies with this subject are analyzing the effectiveness relating between investment and result, theoretical establishment by empirical approach, comparative study depending on the style of contest, casual relationship between personal character and image of corporate hosting contest and so on.