• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.48
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• pp.135-152
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• 2009

This study deals with South Korea broadcasting reporters reporting North Korea issues focusing on KBS and MBC. More specifically, this study focuses on what kinds of broadcasting reporting restriction factors are in reporting North Korea issues in Korea. In order to achieve the goal of this study, this study attempted the depth-interview with six broadcasting reporters working on KBS and MBC. As study results, this study found out that Korean broadcasting reporters were sensitively influenced by public opinions concerned about a specific North Korea issue and political situations that a North Korea issue was positioned. In order to overcome such kinds of reporting restrictions in reporting North Korea issues, this study suggests that KBS and MBC needs more professional manpower dealing with North Korea issues and outside help such as civic social associations.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.607-619
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• 2005

For the Unification of Koreas in the future, we need to understand the geography education system of North Korea. This paper deals with the middle-school geography textbooks of North Korea, published in 2000 and as well as in 1990, in order to look for a better way of geography education after the Unification. One geography textbook is used for each grade, respectively, from the first to the fifth grade of the North Korea's middle-school (table 1). The North Korea's geography textbooks are immersed in the unreasonable idolization of the Kim's family and the excessive devotion to the socialist system. But they may suggest a significant implication in the improvement of geography terminology in South Korea because of their common use of genuine Korean words.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.712-720
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• 2014

In this article, legislational and economic meaning of Marine Pollution Prevention Law (MPPL) of North Korea was studied with review and comparison of North Korea's environmental legislation system. North Korea's MPPL is the basic legislation system against pollution activities. This law has the purpose of gaining of marine environmental protection and resources and declares mainly the marine environmental protection with little definition of action plan and means. To analyze economic achievements of MPPL, more macro- and microeconomic data of North Korea should be accumulated. However, environmental issues are relatively effective to discuss common goal of environmental protection and economical cooperation between Korea and North Korea. To prepare reunification, understanding of North Korea's MPPL is the first step for collaboration of marine environmental conservation.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.125-143
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• 2017

This program aimed at preparing the pre-service teachers to teach about North Korean family life culture to secondary school students, by promoting the understanding and acceptance of cultural differences between the two Koreas. Based on the literature review, the educational contents were developed to reflect general aspects of North Korean family life. The program was implemented with 35 undergraduate students in a home economics teacher education program. The program consists of 15 units of 150-minute instructional sessions. The first three introductory sessions dealt with the definitions of family life culture and multiculturalism, as well as a historical review of South-North relationship. The following nine sessions were devoted to North Korean family life culture in five different domains: consumption and leisure, family and child-caring, food and dietary life, housing and neighborhood life, and clothing/fashion. During the final two weeks, pre-service teachers conducted mock-teaching. For evaluation, pre- and post-session scores on general teaching efficacy and understanding of cultural differences were compared using paired t-tests. The pre-/post-test results confirmed that the program was successful in promoting the understanding and acceptance of cultural differences between two Koreas of pre-service teachers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.43-60
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyse the elementary school science curriculum and textbooks of South and North Korea, then gather the fundamental sources for the establishment of elementary school science curriculum after Unification of Korea by clarifying the difference and the likeness in educational objectives, contents, teaching methods of both Korean elementary school sciences. Based on this comparison and analysis, this study tried to give the concrete suggestions for the elementary school science curriculum and textbook development after Unification. For this, analyses were carried out for the curriculum managing systems, subject organization, education goal, emphasis on each field, teaching-learning and evaluation method. Besides, this study compared and analysed the elementary school science textbook development and distribution system, apparent format, content organization, ratio of content categories, content scope and level and the related terms appeared in both Korean elementary school science textbooks. The result of this study showed a lot of differences in the educational objectives, contents, and educational method of the elementary school science between South and North Korea. The grasping of these differences and the exact understanding about what causes these differences and how the differences are made must be the necessary work for the science curriculum establishment, especially for elementary school science curriculum and textbook development, after Unification.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.511-520
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• 2016

It is essential to connect the railroads between South and North Korea in order to the implementation of the Eurasia initiatives and prepare for the normalization of the economic cooperation between south and north Korea as well as the unification. This study provides the strategy to establish the rail logistics network for the normalized trades between south and north Korea, and the accommodation of the logistics demands to China and Russia. The alternative routes were designated and the costs for the rehabilitation were estimated, and suggested the priority for the investment. The Trans-China Rail is prior to the Trans-Siberia Rail in terms of the utility for the logistics and the political value. In connection to the TSR, it is desirable to pass the Seoul-Gyeonggi area where the demand is greater than the other area. This route is limited by the restriction in the capacity, then the Gyeonggi Ring Rail route may be necessary.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.71-96
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• 2017

This study speculates on responses to the nuclear threats of North Korea and mutual assistance and cooperation between South Korea, the U.S. and China for the unification of the Korean Peninsula. As for the North Koreas nuclear issue and unification of the Korean Peninsula, South Korea is the subject of national division, the U.S. is a responsible country in international issues and does not have diplomatic ties with North Korea. China is a traditional socialist nation and a supporter of North Korea. As North Korea's strategic weapons including nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles are international issues, to defend against Kim Jung-Eun's unexpected acts, the three countries should actively cooperate with each other and develop countermeasures. However, with respect to the road map of the North Koreas issue, there are subtle differences between the U.S. and China in recognition of and sanctions against North Korea as a resolution of the U..N. Security Council. The U.S. has continued a deterrence policy and sanctions against North Korea based on joint threats between South Korea and the U.S. while China has showed a negative position in the process of solving the North Korean nuclear issue because of the unstable security derived from the U.S. 's intervention in the Korean peninsula. North Korea should change its diplomatic policy in a more concrete way towards world peace although it has continued trade of strategic weapons with Middle Eastern countries to maintain its political system. For example, to restart the summit talks and open multilateral security channels. Although the issue of unification of the Korean peninsula should be resolved by South and North Korea themselves, it is strange that South and North Korea depend on the logic of powerful countries for the resolution of a national problem. As for North Koreas nuclear and the Unification issues, peaceful solutions presented by South Korea seem more persuasive than the solution presented by North Korea which did not secure any international support. However, South Korea, the U.S. and China need to develop uni-directional two-tract strategies for sanctions against North Korea and talks with North Korea for peace on the Korean peninsula, and should continue to support the economic independence of North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.2 no.4 s.8
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• pp.107-116
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• 2001

As the international trade has been increased, unified worldwide standards are getting more important and necessary. At the TBT(Agreement on Technical Barrier to Trade) of WTO(World Trade Organization) and the CTI meeting of APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation), they made an agreement with applying International Standards to National Standards gradually. In addition, ISO (International Organization for Standardization) established the ISO/IEC Guide 21, a guideline for applying International Standards to National Standards. In these environment, Korean Industrial Standards has to be prepared for it. This paper introduce the comparison between Korean Industrial Standards and ISO Standards about the standards of sampling and testing the fresh concrete, based on ISO/IEC Guide 21 by ISO and the Applying guideline by Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, and then discuss the problem about applying them. The overall objective is to establish the applying guideline on construction fields, which is civil and building engineering part(KS F) of Korean Industrial Standards.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.129-129
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• 2016

기후변화의 영향으로 인한 자연재해의 대규모화에 따라 가뭄재해가 농촌지역에 중대한 피해를 끼칠 수 있는 여지가 확대되고 있다. 그러나 4대강 살리기 사업으로 인하여 대하천의 정비가 강화되었지만 농촌지역 주변의 중소하천은 여전히 기후변화에 취약한 현실이다. 농촌지역의 가뭄재해에 대하여 국가 및 지방자치단체, 공공기관이 효과적으로 대처하기 위해서는 농촌의 특성을 충분히 고려한 대응책을 마련하는 것이 중요하며, 이에 본 연구에서는 "자연재해대책법 시행규칙" 및 "재난 및 안전관리 기본법 시행령", 그리고 "농어업재해대책법 시행규칙"에 있어서 가뭄관련 조항의 개정을 제안하였다. "자연재해대책법" 제2장(자연재해의 예방 및 대비)에서는 풍수해(제2절), 설해(제4절) 에 이어 가뭄에 대한 예방 및 대비를 규정(제5절 29조-33조)하고 있다. 제29조는 가뭄방재를 위하여 필요한 조사 및 연구를 수행하여야 함을 규정하고 있는데, 여기서 '필요한' 조사 및 연구는 시행령 혹은 시행규칙 등을 통해 명확히 할 필요가 있으며, 제30조는 가뭄재해 극복을 위해 제한 급수 및 제한 발전 등의 조치를 취할 수 있다고 규정하고 있으나, 조치를 취함으로써 발생하는 손해 배상 규정의 삽입이 필요하다. "재난 및 안전관리 기본법" 제8조(다른 법률과의 관계 등) 2호에서 제3조1호 가목의 규정에 해당하는 재난(가뭄 포함)의 예방 복구 등에 관해서는 '자연재해대책법'이 정한 바에 따르도록 규정하고 있기는 하지만, 자연재해로 인한 재난에 대해서는 소극적 규정으로 판단된다. 그리고, 제4장(재난의 예방)에 있어서 재난은 제3조1호의 가목(자연현상으로 발생하는 재해), 나목(사회적 재해), 다목(국가기반체계와 관련된 재해) 각각의 경우에 따른 예방대책의 수립이 필요하다. 각 조항의 개정은 농촌지역 가뭄재해에 대한 정책활용을 염두에 두고 개정안을 제시하지만, 법령 자체의 목적 및 타법과의 정합성 등 대한민국 법체제의 통일성 및 안정성을 최대한 반영하였다. 해당 조항의 개정으로 농촌 및 농업지역의 특성을 반영한 다양한 가뭄대응 정책의 활용을 도모하고 가뭄재해로부터 안전한 영농환경이 구축될 수 있을 것이 기대된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.147-155
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• 1977

In this experiment, we expected yield increase depending on the control of ineffective tiller, heightening of effective tillering ratio and continuous supply of nitrogen until later growth stage of rice plant by deep layer split application. Treats were applied at Tongil and Jinheung variety, clayey loam and sandy loam soil, and drained and non-drained condition. Nitrogenous fertilizer application wab adopted as liquefied(50%) and lumped (50% and 80%) fertilizer at 12cm depth of soil before 35 days of rice heading time against the standard soil surface application. The results are summarized as follaw. 1. a. Jinheung showed great variant width of tiller numbers per rice plant growth stage, and low effective tillering ratio at soil surface dressing. But in the case of deep layer split application, the number of tiller increased normally, and effective tillering ratio was high. b. At Tonsil, the width of increase and decrease range of effective tiller number between soil surface dressing and deep layer split application was not so high as Jinheung. Deep layer split application of 80% lumped fertilizer showed maximum effective tillering ratio ($83%{\sim}93%$). C. In the case of Jinheung, it was supposed that deep layer split application of 80% lumped fertilizer was excessive nitrogen quantity. d. Effective tillering ratio was higher than Tonsil at Jinheung. 2. The number of grains per hill was increased by the deep layer split application, but the ripening ratio was decreased inversely with the increase of total grain number. 3. Length of top leaves was elongated at Jinheung by deep layer split application. It showed significant correlation between top leaves length and grain yield. 4. Deep layer split application inclosed N content of harvested straw. Yield and N content of straw showed possitive correlation. 5. The ratio of unhulled grain yield per straw weight was increased by deep layer splication. This ratio was higher at Jinheung than Tonsil. 6. Grain yield was appeared in order of 80% lumped fertilizer>50% lumped fertilizer>50% liquefied fertilizer>surface dressing by the deep layer split application. The yield increasing factors were the increasing of effective tillering ratio, number of panicles per hill and number of ripening grains per hill. 7. Grain yield was increased at Tongil in sandy loam soil and at Jinheung in clayey loam soil by deep layer split application. 8. The grain yield was increased at drained conditions of clayey loam soil and non-drained conditions of sandy loam soil. But in the case of 80% lumped fertilizer of deep layer split application at the sandy loam soil, the yield was not increased at non-drained conditions. 9. The effect of yield increase by deep layer split application comparing with the surface dressing was higher at Tonsil than ginheung, in spite of low ripening ratio of Tonsil caused by low temperature at heading and harvesting time.