• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.51-65
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to develop the way in improving of teaching statistics in school mathematics. I reviewed the curriculum of Korea and America in statistics at School. I proposed the effective way of teaching statistics with the curriculum and content of statistics and the method of teaching of students and teachers.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.271-289
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• 2003

To understand the literacy and library users of Korean society, various historical data and statistics were gathered and analyzed. The findings are: 1) lineage, commerce, and religion in ancient Korean society and the social class in Koryo and Lee Dynasty were related to the literacy, and 2) the size of collection, increase of books, library budgets and the policy of national library are also somewhat related to the library hem at present.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2005

본 연구는 개발도상국에서의 출산력 변천과 그 결정요인을 검토하는데 그 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 출산력 감소의 속도와 인구변천 단계에서의 출산력 변화, 그리고 인구변천 후기에 출산력 수준에 영향을 주는 요인들에 초점을 맞추고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 우선 지난 40년간 개발도상국에서의 출산력 변화 추이를 검토하고자 한다. 그 다음으로 본 연구는 이러한 인구변천 과정을 사회경제적 변화에 관련시켜 분석하고자 한다. 분석 결과 사회경제 지표들과 영아사망률 및 출산력과의 관계는 대부분 예상했던 방향으로 나타나고 있으나, 그 관계의 통계적 유의성은 조사 시기에 따라 약간의 차이를 보이고 있다. 사회경제적 지표 중 문맹률은 조사 시기에 관계없이 모두 출산력과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계를 보이고 있어, 교육수준이 높을수록 출산력이 낮아진다는 일반적인 견해를 뒷받침하고 있다. 그러나 도시화율과 소득이 각각 출산력에 미치는 영향은 시기에 따라 통계적인 유의성을 달리 하고 있다. 연구 모형에서 중요한 매개변인으로 설정된 영아사망률은 출산력에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있으며, 사회경제적 변인들이 영아사망률을 통하여 출산력에 미치는 간접적인 영향도 비교적 잘 드러나고 있다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.407-434
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• 2008

This research is to analyze the descriptions in the statistic chapter of the grade 7's current textbooks. The analysis is based on the distribution concepts suggested by Nam(2007). Thus we assumed that the goal of this statistic chapter is to establish concepts on the distributions and to learn ways of communication and comparison through distributional presentations. What we learned and wanted to suggest through the study is the followings. 1) Students are to learn what the distribution is and what are not. 2) Every kinds of presentational form of distributions is to given its own right to learn so that students are more encouraged to learn them and use them more adequately. 3) Density histogram is to be introduced to extend student's experiences viewing an area as 3 relative frequency, which is later to be progressed into a probability density. 4) Comparison of two distributions, especially through frequency polygons, is to be an hot issue among educational stakeholder whether to include or not. It is very important when stochastic correlations be learned, because it is nothing but a comparison between conditional distributions. 5) Statistical literacy is also an important issue for student's daily life. Especially the process ahead of the data collection must be introduced so that students acknowledge the importance of accurate and object-oriented data.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.141-153
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• 2020

목적: 한국은 지역사회 기반 통합 돌봄(커뮤니티케어)을 통해 노인들을 위한 보건 및 사회복지 서비스의 확대를 추진하고 있다. 본 연구는 노인의 경로당 이용에 대한 인구사회인적 요인, 삶의 만족도, 건강상태 등이 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 한다. 연구방법: 2017년 노인실태조사 자료를 이용하여, 횡단 분석 연구가 실시하였다. 이용패턴을 파악하기 위해 기술통계를 하였고, 경로당 이용과 관련된 요소들을 결정하기 위해서는 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과: 지난 12개월간 노인 1만299명 중 22.7%가 경로당을 이용하였다. 경로당을 이용하는 이유 중 가장 많은 응답은 경로당 동료들과 여가를 보내기 위함이었으며, 대상자의 95% 이상이 제공되는 서비스에 만족하고 있었다. 사회인구학적 특성에 대해서는 여성(AOR=1.20; 95% 신뢰 구간(CI), 1.05-1.38), 80세 이상 노인(AOR= 3.94, 95% CI, 3.30-4.71), 문맹자(AOR=5.27; 95% CI 3.80-7.30), 교육 수준이 낮거나 읍면 지역 출신(AOR=6.42; 95 % CI, 5.72-7.20)이 경로당을 이용할 가능성이 가장 높았다. 생활 만족도 부분에서는 재정적 만족도(AOR=1.21; 95% CI, 1.06-1.37), 문화에 대한 만족도(AOR=1.49; 95% CI, 1.24-1.79) 및 친구들과 사회에 대한 만족도(AOR=4.24; 95% CI, 3.17-5.66)가 높은 사람이 경로당을 더 많이 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 질병이 없다는 응답자에 비해 만성 질환을 2개 이상 보유한자(AOR= 2.01; 95 % CI, 1.60-2.53)의 경로당 이용률이 2 배 더 높았다. 결론: 정부의 지역사회 기반 통합돌봄 정책 수립을 위하여 경로당 이용에 영향을 미치는 인구사회학적요인, 삶의 만족도, 건강상태와 관련된 요인들을 고려하여, 이용률을 높이고, 건강관리를 위한 통합 돌봄 시설이 될 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.3 s.54
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• pp.657-668
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• 1996

To investigate the factors which affecting the cognitive impairment of the 60 or more age group, the authors surveyed for the subjects in some area of Kyungnam Province. 201 studied subjects were tested for cognitive function with mini-mental state examination(MMSE). Information on demographic characteristics and life style has been collected through direct interview. The concentration of Ai and Ca of subject's drinking water, which might be related with cognition, was measured by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Spectrometer. The main results were summarized as follows. 1. The prevalence rate of cognitive impairment was 18.4% in male and 45.2% in female and this sexual difference was statistically significant(p=0.03). And the uneducated or illiterated showed significantly high prevalence rate of cognitive impairment(p=0.02). 2. In stratified analysis by sex md education year, we can not see significant trend indicating the neurotoxic effects of aluminum and protective effects of calcium to the cognitive function(p>0.05). 3. The correlation between the concentration of aluminum in drinking water and the MMSE score in whole subjects showed weak negative relationship(r=-0.066). But there was no statistical significance(p=0.434).

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to compare health status and activities for the pain and no-pain groups in the elderly. The study subjects included 189 elderly people(65 years and older) living in an urban area. They were surveyed at their homes through interview using a closed-ended questionnaire from Nov. 6th. to Nov. 16th. 1997. The instrument used in the study was selected after carefully reviewing pain-related articles and records well described the characteristics of the elderly. The data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The findings were as follows : Of the 189 subjects, 83.6% reported experiencing the pain for the last year. By the age, there were significant differences between the pain and no-pain group(${\chi}^2$=9.572, p=.023). The percentage of the pain complainers was the highest in 80 years and older(100.0%), followed by 70~74(89.1%), 75~79(81.3%), 65~69(76.8%) which presented crude increase according to age. By sex, men had lower pain prevalence(69.5%) than that of women(90.0%). The number of pain complainers was higher in women than men(${\chi}^2$=12.448, p=.023). There were significant differences between the pain and no-pain groups by spouse distribution(${\chi}^2$=10.736, p=.001), educational state(${\chi}^2$=13.020, p=.000), occupation(${\chi}^2$=18.807, p=.000). Pain prevalence in the subjects having no spouse(59.3%) was higher than those having spouse(40.7%), Illiteracy rate was higher in pain group(49.0%) than no-pain group(13.3%). The number of the subjects having occupation(full time or part time) was fewer in pain group than no-pain group. By health status, there were significant differences between two groups(${\chi}^2$=40.055, p=.000). : the pain group showed poor(61.4%), followed by moderate(22.1%), good(16.5%) while no-pain group showed good(64.5%), moderate(29.0%), poor(6.5%). By activities, there were significant differences between the pain and no-pain groups. The pain group was disturbed more severely than the no-pain group in movement(${\chi}^2$=57.829, p=.000), sleep(${\chi}^2$=12.785, p=.000), usual activities(${\chi}^2$=39.196, p=.000), receiving guests(${\chi}^2$=13.163, p=.000), and hobbies and recreation(${\chi}^2$=28.177, p=.000).