• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2020

Prototype selection offers the advantage of ensuring low learning time and storage space by selecting the minimum data representative of in-class partitions from the training data. This paper designs a new training data generation method using hyper-rectangles that can be applied to general classification algorithms. Hyper-rectangular regions do not contain different class data and divide the same class space. The median value of the data within a hyper-rectangle is selected as a prototype to form new training data, and the size of the hyper-rectangle is adjusted to reflect the data distribution in the class area. A set cover optimization algorithm is proposed to select the minimum prototype set that represents the whole training data. The proposed method reduces the time complexity that requires the polynomial time of the set cover optimization algorithm by using the greedy algorithm and the distance equation without multiplication. In experimented comparison with hyper-sphere prototype selections, the proposed method is superior in terms of prototype rate and generalization performance.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2000

Granular piled raft systems have been effectively used in soft ground foundation not only to reduce settlements but also to improve bearing capacity. In the present study, the finite element method of analysis on a basis of the plate theory is proposed to predict non-uniform settlements at the interface between the raft and foundation soils. To verify the validity of the proposed method of analysis and the predicted settlements of granular piled raft systems, comparisons are made with the results presented in the previous research(Kim et al., 1999). Finally, behavior characteristics with various patterns of the granular piled raft systems and effects of the settlement reduction are analyzed in connection with the design parameters.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.385-391
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• 1997

To investigate the degrees of toxification in the serpentine areas, serpentinites and adjacent metamorphic rocks and soils from the serpentinite, metamorphic area and transitional area(mixed soil) between serpentinite and metamorphic rocks are collected from the Hongseong-Gun, Chungnam. A plant, Geochemically, the serpentinites are high in the nickel, chromium and cobalt content whereas the metamorphic rocks show high zinc, scandium, molybdenum and iron contents. The serpentine soils are high in the nickel, chromium and cobalt contents whereas the non-serpentine soils show high zinc and iron contents. Heavy metal contents in the G. oldhamiana are high in the serpentine soil relative to the mixed soil. Ratio of the iron to nickel contents for the G. oldhamiana are low in the serpentine soil(49) relative to the mixed soil(216). Of the G. oldhamiana, most of the heavy metal contents except zinc and molybdenum are high in the root relative to the aboveground vegetation. Comparing with rocks, the G. oldhamiana is low in the all of heavy metal contents relative to the serpentinite. Uptake of zinc by the G. oldhamiana is high in the serpentinites and metamorphic rocks whereas uptake of scandium and iron by the G. oldhamiana is very high in the serpentinite area.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.639-650
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• 2012

In 2009, Tsai et al. proposed reversible image hiding scheme using linear prediction coding and histogram shifting. Tsai et al.'s scheme improved the hiding capacity of Ni et al.'s scheme by using the prediction coding and two histograms. However, Tsai et al.'s scheme has problems. In the prediction coding, the basic pixel is not used from embedding procedure. Many additional communication data are generated because two peak and zero point pairs are generated by each block. To solve the problems, this paper proposes a novel reversible data hiding scheme based on modulo operation and histogram shifting. In experimental results, the hiding capacity was increased by 28% than Tsai et al.'s scheme. However, the additional communication data was decreased by 71%.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-60
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• 2010

This study was investigated quantitative and objective making techniques for molding clay of Four-guardian statues in Songgwangsa temple. Also, basic data about the provenance of molding clay was acquired for the restoration using same materials when the conservation treatment is carried out. As a result, molding clay used the Four-guardian statues was identified the very similar soil regardless of layers and objects. But molding clay differed in particle sizes and contents of organic matters according to the first layer to finish layer in relatively thick parts. Also, it was used one kind of soil without the layer distinction in thin parts. The restoration soil was applied to genetically similar soil as molding clay of the Four-guardian statues, and showed a difference of careful selection degree according to the layers. As a result of the provenance interpretation, the soil distributing presumed provenance was confirmed the same origin as molding clay. Therefore, the soil is appropriate for the materials of conservation treatment. This result will contribute inorganic material research and conservation treatment for the clay molded Four-guardian statues in Korea.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.137-154
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• 1996

Pull-out tests for three different types of strip reinforcements are performed to investigate variation of the apparent coefficient of friction which occurs between the reinforcements and the weathered granite soils with different contents of fine materials. The contents of fine materials for the soil sample are varied from 7% to 36% and the reinforcements used for the pullout tests are smooth, ribbed steel strips and a textured shape Paraweb 1 Friction tie. Test results show that the apparent coefficient of friction tends to decrease with the increase of the content of fine meterials. It is known, however, that the minimum apparent coefficient of friction required to the design of reinforced earth structures can be achieved even at 35% fine contents by using appropriate reinforcements. The ribbed strip reinforcement is found to be the most effective in mobilizing the apparent friction when interacting to finer weathered granite soils. The textured reinforcement is also useful for 35% fine con tents if the textured depth is increased.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2011

Compaction tests have been performed to investigate the compaction characteristics of sands and clays with organic mixture. Weathered granite soil, kaolinite, and granulated carbon were used as the alternatives of sand, clay, and organics, respectively. The soapy water which is a kind of surfactant solutions was also used as water substitute to see the engineering properties changes of each soil. As seen when water was used, the optimum moisture contents increased and the maximum dry unit weight decreased for the soil with surfactants as the percentage of the organic contents increased. Surfactants slightly improved the compaction efficiency at low compactive energy level for the weathered granite soil with organics. As the organic contents increased for clays with surfactants, the optimum moisture contents decreased and the maximum dry unit weight increased. Surfactants slightly improved the compaction efficiency of clays with organics at all levels of compaction energy.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-41
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• 2013

The dredged soils of western sea of Korea have been used as the fill materials because it possess the characteristics that constitute silt, silty sand and sand mainly. However, a study on dredged soils as the fill materials is insufficient. Hence, in this present study, the application the dredged soils of western sea of Korea as the fill materials was confirmed. Primary, the composition characteristics of the ground was analyzed to confirm the application on dredged soils as the fill materials by the piezo-cone penetration test. In laboratory test, it was performed the self-weight consolidation test for mechanical characteristics of the dredged soils. The direct shear test using self-weight consolidation test sample for shear strength characteristics was performed after self-weight consolidation test. Additionally, the mechanical characteristics of the dredged soils on elapsed time using self-weight consolidation test sample, which is drained naturally, was evaluated. The dredged soils of western sea of Korea show that unit weight and shear strength is increased as natural drain time elapses.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.96-108
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• 2014

In case of contrast of the image enhancement by using the conventional histogram equalization, over-enhancement, false contouring and distortion such as the details disappearance of the image occurs due to the excessive brightness change. Especially, these distortion appears when the brightness distribution is concentrated in a particular brightness level. In order to solve these problems, improved histogram equalization methods to transform the input histogram by clipping using threshold have been proposed, but contrast enhancement effect is reduced because it does not consider the characteristics of the input image's histogram to apply the same threshold for the entire histogram, and unnatural image is obtained because it does not retain the characteristics of the image. In this paper, to solve the problems of existing methods, we propose new equalization method that suppress excessive brightness changes by applying to the differential compression according to the histogram frequency, and maintain the characteristics of the input image. In addition, we propose a more effectively method to improve contrast by controlling the strength of the compression ratio depending on the characteristics of the input image.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.4 s.304
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• pp.119-126
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• 2005

We propose a new content-based image retrieval using a representative color histogram and directional pattern histogram that is adaptive to the classification characteristics of the image blocks. In the proposed method the color and pattern feature vectors are extracted according to the characteristics o: the block classification after dividing the image into blocks with a fixed size. First, the divided blocks are classified as either luminance or color blocks depending on the saturation of the block. Thereafter, the color feature vectors are extracted by calculating histograms of the block average luminance co-occurrence for the luminance block and the block average colors for the color blocks. In addition, block directional pattern feature vectors are extracted by calculating histograms after performing the directional gradient classification of the luminance. Experimental results show that the proposed method can outperform the conventional methods as regards the precision and the size of the feature vector dimension.