• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2020

본 연구는 우리나라 임상 중에서 침엽수림과 침활혼효림으로 구성된 산양삼 시험포지를 선정하고, 임상별 토양의 토양세균군집을 분석하여 산양삼 생육특성과의 상관관계 구명하고자 수행하였다. 산양삼 시험포지는 침염수림으로 구성된 충주 산양삼 종자공급단지와 침활혼효림으로 구성된 함양 산양삼 종자공급단지를 선정하여 각각 조성하였다. 토양세균군집 분석은 pyrosequencing analysis (Illumina platform)를 이용하였고, 토양세균군집과 생육특성 간의 상관관계는 Pearson's correlation을 이용하여 분석하였다. 임상별 시험포지의 토양세균은 두 시험포지 모두 Acidobacteria가 우점종으로 확인되었다. 주좌표 분석을 통해 임상별 산양삼 시험포지에서 우점하는 토양세균 군집을 확인한 결과, 먼저 토양세균 군집은 임상별 시험포지에 따라 군집화를 이루는 것으로 확인되었고, Pearson's 상관관계 분석 결과, 토양세균 군집의 상대적 빈도수는 수종 비율에 따라 상이한 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 이 중에서 Proteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria_class, Phycisphaerae는 침엽수의 비율과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였고, Nitrospirae, Chlamydiae, Planctomycetia, Acidobacteria_6는 활엽수의 비율과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 임상별 산양삼 시험포지의 토양세균 군집과 산양삼 생육특성 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, Nitrospirae, Chlorobi, Planctomycetia, Acidobacteria_6가 산양삼의 생육과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 다양한 산림환경에서 토양세균군집과 산양삼 생육특성 간의 상관관계를 명확하게 구명할 수 있다면 향후 산양삼의 최적 재배지를 선정하는데 있어 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.457-464
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• 1998

For investigating the effect of amount of applied fertilizer with pig and chicken manures in the field, the number of soil bacteria were counted on the full strength conventional nutrient broth (NB) medium and its 100-fold dilution (DNB) medium. From the control soil samples without organic amendments, the number of bacteria on DNB medium was 5 to 10 times higher than that on NB medium. However, population density on NB medium was higher than on DNB medium from the treated soil with 60 and 120 Mg/㏊ for 3 years. Most of isolates from DNB plates did not grow on the NB plates. There were only grown on the 100-fold dilution medium, so it was called as DNB organisms. The DNB organisms were occupied as dominant group over 60% fo isolates in control soil. However, their occupation rates were rapidly decreased in the treatment soil with pig and chicken manures above 60 and 120 Mg per ha. These DNB organisms (oligotrophs) were significantly low population desities in the treatment soil with organic materials.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.380-388
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• 2019

The studies regarding soil bacterial community and correlation analysis of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng for selection of suitable cultivation area. The bacterial community was investigated by high throughput sequencing technique (Illumina platform). The correlation coefficient between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. The soil bacterial community from soil samples of 8 different wild-simulated ginseng cultivated area exhibited two distinct clusters, cluster 1 and cluster 2. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria (35.4%) and Alphaproteobacteria(24.4%) was observed to be highest in all soil samples. The lower soil pH and higher abundance of Acidobacteria resulted in increased growth of wild-simulated ginseng. Additionally, abundance of Acidobacteriia (class) and Koribacteraceae (family) demonstrated significant positive correlation with fresh weight of wild-simulated ginseng. The results of this study clearly state the correlation between growth characteristic and soil bacterial community of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area, thereby offering effective insight into selection of suitable cultivation area of wild-simulated ginseng.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.84-84
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• 2019

본 연구는 전국 임의의 산양삼 재배지를 선정하여 재배지 내의 토양 특성 및 토양세균군집을 분석하고, 토양 특성, 세균군집 및 산양삼 생육특성 간의 상관관계를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 토양 이화학성 분석은 농촌진흥청의 종합분석실 매뉴얼에 따라 분석하였고, 토양세균군집 분석은 pyrosequencing analysis (Illumina platform)를 이용하였다. 토양세균군집과 생육특성 간의 상관관계는 Spearman's rank correlation을 이용하여 분석하였다. 전국 8개 산양삼 재배지로부터 분리한 토양세균군집은 2개의 cluster로 군집화를 이루는 것을 확인하였다. 모든 토양 샘플에서 Proteobacteria와 Alphaproteobacteria가 각각 평균 상대적 빈도수가 35.4%, 24.4%로 우점종으로 나타났다. 나타났다. 두 개의 cluster 간 토양세균군집의 상대적 빈도수를 비교 분석한 결과, 먼저 Proteobacteria (p = 0.03), Actinobacteria (p = 0.02), Ahlpaproteobacteria (p = 0.029), Betaproteobacteria (p = 0.021)는 cluster 1에서 cluster 2에 비해 상대적 빈도수가 유의적으로 높았고, Fimicutes (p = 0.004), Cyanobacteria (p = 0.004), Acidobacteriia (p = 0.041), Ktedonobacteria (p = 0.019), Gammaproteobacteria (p = 0.034), Bacilli (p = 0.009)은 cluster 2에서 유의적으로 상대적 빈도수가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 토양세균군집 cluster 간 산양삼의 생육특성을 비교 분석한 결과, cluster 2 재배지에서 수집한 산양삼 시료의 지하부 생중량은 cluster 1 재배지에서 수집한 산양삼 시료에 비해 cluster 2에서 유의적 (p = 0.04)으로 높았다. 산양삼 생육특성과 토양세균군집 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 산양삼의 생육은 토양 pH가 낮고 Acidobacteria의 상대적 빈도수가 높은 토양에서 증가하였으며, Acidobacteriia와 Koribacteraceae의 상대적 빈도수는 산양삼의 생육과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 토양미생물군집과 산양삼 생육 간의 상관관계를 구명하는 중요한 자료가 될 것으로 생각되고, 나아가 산양삼 재배적지를 선정하는데 있어 보다 명확한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2015

The goal of this study was to identify relationships between the composition of sulfate reducing bacterial assemblages and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) patterns in rice paddy and dry farming soils. Samples of organic farming soils, conventional farming soils, and dry field farming soils were collected in August and November. Analyses of the soil chemical composition revealed similar total nitrogen, total carbon and total inorganic phosphorus levels; however, the moisture content and total carbon were higher than in the other soils in both August and November, respectively. Sulfate reducing bacteria utilizing lactic acid were more widely distributed than those that used acetic acid, and the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in organic farming soil was most abundant. Phylogenetic analysis based on 181 clones revealed that most showed low similarity with cultured sulfate reducing bacteria, but more than 90% similarity with an uncultured sulfate reducing bacteria isolated from the environment. T-RFLP analysis revealed that fragments of 91, 357, 395, and 474 bp were most common, and the community structure of sulfate reducing bacteria changed seasonally.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

To clarify a significant difference between red-colored phenomena (RCP) and microbes isolated from rhizosphere soil of healthy ginseng (HES) and red-colored ginseng (RCS), we have examined growth and cellulase activities of the microbes according to pH variation and iron status. The soil microbes could not grow at pH 3.0 on the YEB medium. The growth of bacterium isolated from RCG at pH from 5.0 to 9.0 showed small differences and the growth of bacterium HES was lower than that of others. The growth of bacteria from RCS and surface soil (SUS) at pH 5.0 were also lower than that of pH 7.0 and pH 9.0. However, the bacteria isolated from red-colored ginseng (RCG) and RCS are able to grow on the medium contained 2 mM Fe$\^$3+/ at pH 3.0. Furthermore, the growth of bacterium from RCG increased about two times in the medium contained iron at pH 7.0 compared with minus iron. The cellulase activity of isolated bacteria increased two times in the medium contained 2 mM Fe$\^$3+/ compared with minus iron. The activity of extra-cellular cellulase was higher by one hundred times than that of intracellular level. The cellulase activity of the bacterium from RCS at pH 5.0 was higher by two times than that of pH 7.0. Especially, intracellular activity of the bacterium from RCS on the medium contained 2mM Fe$\^$3+/ increased about six to seven times compared with control (minus iron). Also, extra-cellular activity increased about eleven to twelve times compared with control. These results indicate that the soil microbes seem to be related iron redoxidation by proton extrusion and with cell wall digestion by secreted cellulase.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.348-353
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• 2008

With the aim to explore the possible role of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in soil, we conducted a survey of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms colonizing in upland and plastic film house soils. Soil EC, pH, organic matter, available phosphate, exchangeable cation such as potassium, calcium and magnesium, and total P of plastic film house soils were higher than those of upland soils. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria population was higher in plastic film house soils than upland soils, but species of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria was more diverse in the upland soils than the plastic film house soils. There was significant positive correlation between phosphate solubilization and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in soils. Bacillus, Cedecea, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia spp. were isolated from upland soils and Bacillus and Cellulomonas spp. were from plastic film house soils.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.403-408
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• 1996

Total bacterial community DNA, which was extracted from microcosm soil and field soil after 2,4-D amendments, was analyzed on Southern blots, using the tfdA gene probe derived from plasmid pJP4 and the Spa probe from Sphingomonas paucimobilis. Southern blot analyses with total bacterial DNA extracted from soils Inoculated with Pseudomonas cepacia/pJP4 revealed that DNA probe method could detect the 2,4-D degrading bacteria down to $10^5\;cells/g$ dry soil. In the microcosm experiment, there was a good correlation between 2,4-D degradation and banding patterns in hybridization analyses performed after each 2,4-D treatment using the two probes. When bacterial DNA extracted from microcosm soil was hybridized with the Spa probe, a change in the position of hybrid bands was observed over time in a Southern blot, suggesting that population change or possibly genetic rearrangement in 2,4-D degrading microbial populations occurred in this soil. With the Spa probe, one hybrid DNA band was persistently observed throughout the five 2,4-D additions. When bacterial DNA isolated from the field soil was probed with the tfdA and Spa, strong hybridization signal was observed in the 100 ppm-treated subplot, weak signal In the 10 ppm-treated subplot, and no significant signal in the 1 ppm-treated and control subplots. The data show that DNA probe analyses were capable of detecting and discriminating the indigenous 2,4-D degrading microbial populations in soil amended with 2,4-D under laboratory and field conditions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.830-835
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• 2011

Total soil microbial activities have great impact to soil management for organic farming. This study was evaluated in the soil microbial community by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) in a controlled horticultural field for strawberry organic farm. Experimental plots were prepared with a high level of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and a optimum level of soil EC. Soil microbial biomasses and communities of total bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the high level of soil EC were significantly larger than those in the optimum level of soil EC. Lower ratios of cy17:0 to 16:$1{\omega}7c$ and cy19:0 to 18:$1{\omega}7c$ were found in the optimum level of soil EC than those in the high level of soil EC, indicating that microbial stress decreased.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the soil compositions, methane production, the number of methanogens, and the community structure of methanogens in rice paddy soils and dry field farming soils in the summer and autumn seasons. As a result of the analysis of soil compositions, any regular tendency to increase or decrease has not been found in most soil samples due to the change of seasons. It has also been found that more methanogens exist in the rice paddy soil that utilize organic farming practices and emptiness farming practices than in the dry field farming soil. The fewer numbers of methanogens utilizing the acetate have been found than those of the methanogens utilizing the hydrogen or the formate. In an experiment of methane production, the methanes increased for two weeks when the acetate was added, but they continued to increase for seven weeks more when the formate and the hydrogen were added. In the phylogenetic analysis using the mcrA gene, the methanogens had diverse clusters in the rice paddy soil, whereas the methanogens were concentrated only in a few clusters in the dry field farming soil.