• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

The whole objective of two papers in series was to develop the framework of an information management system (IMS) for soil-contaminated sites. In this work, we investigated current status of information management in our country and the IMSs of developed countries such as USA, Germany, Netherlands, and Japan. Through the investigation, we made four suggestions which could be taken into account for developing the IMS's framework. Firstly, we need to append the amendments on definition of information management and opening to the public to the Soil Environment Conservation Law. Secondly, detailed guidelines for each cleanup phase need to be developed. Thirdly, in order to increase the access of the public into the IMS, we need to provide electronic data files (e.g., PDF files) for them. Finally, a sole institution need to be chosen to control efficiently the IMS. In the subsequent paper, we will develop the framework of the IMS, based on the results of this work.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.39-67
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• 2005

In order to properly define the terms such as soil, soil contamination, soil contamination site and remediation, which are the key terms under the Soil Environment Conservation Act(SECA) in Korea, we analyzed the legal definitions of the similar key words in legislations of the developed western countries. The selected countries were the United States of America, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark. The legal definitions of these keywords were very much diversified due to different levels of soil contamination, as well as different industrial, social, and legal backgrounds in each country. However, fair suggestions for definitions of the key terms in SECA were derived from the comparative analyses of these countries. First and foremost, SECA should provide a definition of 'soil' which includes a concept of the natural soil layer produced from soil mineralization processes. Groundwater and sublayer of the groundwater would. be excluded in the boundary of the soil with regards to the Groundwater Act of Korea. Definition of 'soil contamination' of SECA should include a concept of risk assessment(soil contaminants, pathway, and receptors), purpose of land use, and the acquired limitation levels of soil contaminants. Soil contamination activity either industrial or anthropogenic in SECA article2-1, could be substituted for a concept of soil risk assessment. Definition of 'soil contamination site' could derive from amalgamating the concepts of i) soil contamination in conjunction with contaminants, ii) risk assessment, iii) a concept of land use, and iv) knowing limitation of contamination site designation. Definition of 'remediation of contaminated site' should include the objective, intention, action, methodology and limit of the remediation. These suggested definitions would increase the efficacy of soil environment conservation policies, which includes the survey of the potentially contaminated area, remediation, and removal of the site.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2003

Particle-size distributions (PSDs) are widely used for the estimation of soil hydraulic properties. The objective of this study was to select the best model among the nine PSD models with different underlying assumptions, by using a variety of Korean soils. The Fredlund model with four parameters, the logistic growth curve, and Weibull distribution model showed the highest performance compared to the other models with the majority of soils studied. It was interesting to find that the logistic growth function with no fitting parameters showed a great fitting performance.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.619-628
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• 2023

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of calcium sulfate fertilizer as a stabilizing agent for As and Hg contaminated farmland soil and its stabilization characteristics in 3 different physical forms (particulate, powder, and solution) through a pot experiment including 34 days of lettuce growth. As and Hg contents of the lettuce grown in the stabilized soils were decreased by at least 70%. However the lettuce yield of the soil stabilized with the solution agent was decreased by 46% due to the overabundance of the nutrients from the solution agent. Thus, if a solution-type agent is planned for agricultural farmland soil stabilization, additional tests for optimal dosage are needed to preserve vegetation growth. In Hg fractionation, a lower concentration of elemental fractions and a higher concentration of residual/sulfide fractions were identified in the soils stabilized with the solution, powder, and pariculate agents in descending order while there were no significant changes in As fractionation. Overall results suggest that calcium sulfate fertilizer can be used as a stabilizing agent, and a solution-type agent could be used when the operation of heavy machinery for the soil stabilization process is impossible.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.5-18
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• 2000

토양${\cdot}$지하수환경분야와 관련된 제도들이 최근 개정 움직임을 보이고 있는 시점에서 조사단계 및 처리단계이후의 유지관리분야에서 지구물리탐사분야의 중요성이 점차 인식되고 있다. 특히 토양${\cdot}$지하수오염과 관련하여 오염유발가능시설의 $80\%$가 농촌지역에 산재되어 있으나, 그 규모와 오염정도에 대한 조사가 제대로 이루어지지 않은 상태이다. 이에 따라 지하수의 수질은 점차적으로 저질화 되어가고 있으나 비가시적인 이유로 인하여 그동안 소홀히 다루어져 왔다. 또한 오염조사 및 오염복원 등이 제도적으로 뿌리내리지 못해 오염원의 범위, 정도 등을 확인하는데 많은 한계점을 드러내고 있는 현실이다. 최근 관계법령의 개정을 통해 보다 엄격하고 강화된 규제 및 책임을 법제화하는 일은 현재와 미래의 환경보전을 위해 다행한 일이라 하겠다. 특히, 지하수오염 등은 국가적인 불행한 일이므로 향후 토양${\cdot}$지하수환경에 막대한 영향을 미칠 오염인자에 대한 정밀실태조사가 시급히 이루어져야 할 것이다. 따라서 현재 개정을 추진하고 있는 토양환경보전법과 지하수법의 개정취지를 제대로 살리면서 환경오염에 능동적으로 대처하기 위하여 지구물리탐사분야와 지질조사분야에서의 다양하고 정밀한 조사를 위한 방법들과 내용에 대한 연구가 절실히 요구되고 있다. 또한 이와 더불어 오염부지 특성조사를 위한 절차 및 방법들이 구체적으로 법제화되어 할 것이다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.59-67
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• 2023

This review examined the current administrative policies and guidelines for management of reclaimed soils after remediation processes and proposed practical strategies to improve the potential value of the remediated soil as a resource. Three management practices are proposed to facilitate more efficient recycling of remediated soil; obligatory use, quality certification, and tracking of the remediated soils. If properly implemented in utilization of remediated soil, these strategies could contribute to enhancing public safety by assuring soil quality. Such administrative tools, for both suppliers and demanders, are expected to mitigate potential risks associated with the transactions of remediated soil. To enhance the quality assurance process, a soil quality certification combined with the soil health assessment index was proposed. The systematic integration of the suggested practices with soil health assessment can allow to produce optimal results, encompassing affordability, efficiency, and accessibility, which helps establishing more robust 'Remediated Soil Recycling Management System (RSRMS)'. Subsequent researches should be conducted to develop more effective policies that incorporate soil health assessment tools. The proposed management practices for remediated soil, coupled with soil health assessment, can be a pioneering effort to achieve such goals. By fostering an environmentally friendly policies, the sustainable utilization of remediated soil can be attained. Overall, the proposed strategies can provide a sound framework for responsible and sustainable soil management practices.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.39-42
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• 2003

중금속으로 오염된 폐광산 주변부나 유류누출로 인한 토양오염 등과 같은 오염부지에 대한 환경조사는 그 결과를 토대로 환경계획이나 정책이 수립되므로 의사결정의 기초가 된다. 이때, 의사결정의 타당성은 오염부지 조사결과 오염도가 얼마나 정확하게 측정되었느냐에 따라 달리 평가되어 진다. 그러므로 이와 같은 환경조사는 측정결과의 불확실성이 감소되도록 정밀한 시료채취방법이나 분석방법을 고안하여 적용해야 한다. (중략)

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

The feasibility of using hydrated lime ($Ca(OH)_2$) was assessed in reducing soil loss in sloped land under field condition. During 6-month monitoring from May to October, amendment of hydrated lime (3%, w/w) to a test plot decreased soil loss by 76% as compared to the unamended plot. However, the growth of natural vegetation was hampered by hydrated lime addition due to pH increase. Hydrated lime can be used as an effective agent to prevent soil loss in sloped land, but additional treatments are needed to preserve vegetation growth, especially in crop fields.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.296-309
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• 2022

This study investigated the mobility of inorganic elements (As, Cd, Pb, and Zn) that existed as acid extractable and reducible forms in flooded soils with a pot experiment involving rice cultivation. In general, it is known that soil inorganic elements that existed as an acid extractable form which includes exchangeable, carbonates, non-specifically sorbed, and specifically sorbed have mobility. However, the result of the experiment revealed that each inorganic elements of rice roots grown from flooded soils had different characteristics. The concentrations of Arsenic existed as both forms and the concentrations of cadmium and lead existed as a reducible form in the soils showed a high causal relationship with the concentrations of those elements in the roots of rice plants. The concentrations of zinc, an essential plant element, didn't show a causal relationship. Therefore it is necessary to consider the soil's environmental characteristics such as drained/flooded condition, oxidation/reduction condition, etc. for the mobility assessment of inorganic elements. The concentrations of the reducible form of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in flooded environment such as a paddy field should be also considered because the mobility of these elements combined with Fe/Mn increases in the reduction condition.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2009

In South Korea, Mine industries were encouraged to obtain the natural resource from 1960 to 1980. However, the depletion of natural resource and decreasing price have been caused by the voluntary closure of non-economical mines and a cut of their production since 1990. Harmful wastewater containing such heavy metals as iron, aluminum, arsenic, and cadmium are being discharged from abandoned pits and waste stone and tailing dumping sites following the closure of mines. Therefore, the objective of this paper suggests a policy of mine hazard prevention(PMHP) and method that allows the combination of new spatial data and as well as collected data on resources for the sustainable mine reclamation and management using EGIS/MGIS technique to develop an integrated plan and management techniques.