• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.310-313
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 현재 사용 종료된 매립지 재사용을 위해 정비를 실시 중인 전국 매립지 중에서 충남 공주시 금홍동에 위치한 사용 종료된 매립지를 대상으로 하여 사업 지구 및 그 주변지역의 환경질 평가를 위하여 토양에 관한 오염도 조사를 실시하였다. 시료는 매립지 내 1개 지점과 주변 논 2개 지점, 밭 1지점으로 총 4개 지점에서 채취하였다. 토양시료의 분석항목은 토양환경보전법에서 제시하는 총 11개 항목으로 하였으며, 실험방법은 토양오염공정시힘방법에 준하여 실시하였다. 실험결과 토양환경보전법상 농경지에 대한 우려기준과 비교하여 전 항목이 기준에 크게 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 토양질의 면에서 된다면 이 매립지 부지는 일반적인 용도의 토지로써 사용이 가능하다고 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.97-107
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.10-10
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2001

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.626-634
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• 2005

The objectives of this study was to assess pollution level and contamination status on tailings and soil in the vicinity of four disused metal mines in Kangwon province. As the result of total metal concentrations analysis, the pollution degree of tailings and soil decreased in the order of Wondong > Second Yeonhwa > Sinyemi ${\fallingdotseq}$ Sangdong mines. Total metal concentrations of mine tailings in this study were $1.2{\sim}78.2$ and $1.1{\sim}80.6$ times higher than those in the background soil and the tolerable levels suggested by Kloke, respectively. From these results, we found that tailings served as contamination source of nearby soil. According to sequential extraction of metals, large proportion of heavy metals in all mine tailings existed in the form of a residual fraction, and heavy metals in non-residual form was mainly associated with Fe-Mn oxide fraction and sulfidic-organic fraction. Fe-Mn oxide fraction and sulfidic-organic fraction of heavy metals may be released into and contaminated the nearby environment under the oxidation or reduction condition in long-term. In particular, the proportions of the exchangeable and carbonate fraction of Cd in mine tailings from Second Yeonhwa mine were relatively high. This suggests that Cd may be easily released into and contaminated the nearby environment in the near time. Concentrations of heavy metals in mine tailings and the nearby soil exceeded the standard (agricultural area) of Soil Environment Conservation Law. So it was thought that remediation for mine tailings and the nearby soil is needed. The pollution indices of the samples in this study were for higher than 1.0 and the pollution degree was very serious. Priority remediation site for these mines was Wondong. As Results of danger indices, it was showed that exchangeable form in Wondong and Fe-Mn oxide form in the rest mines should be removed preferentially.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.68-75
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: To assess and prevent the environmental impacts and risks by veterinary pharmaceuticals, Guidance on Estimating Soil Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Veterinary Pharmaceuticals for Environmental Risk Assessment was proposed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Proposed guidance was coined by VICH, EU guideline, OECD guideline and soil dissipation studies for the purpose of international harmonizing. Guidance was also modified from pesticide soil persistence testing guidelines of US, EU, and Korea, with practical approaches adopting in-use test guideline for Korea. CONCLUSION(S): Proposed guidance are consisted of three parts; Laboratory Soil Experiment, Field Soil Dissipation Study, and Estimation of $DT_{50}/DT_{90}$. Proposed guidance is to be available for the requirement for registration of veterinary pharmaceuticals with fit for purpose in Korea.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

There are generally two types of groundwater vulnerability assessments. Intrinsic vulnerability is based on the assessment of natural climatic, geological and hydrogeological attributes and specific vulnerability relates to a specific contaminant, contaminant class, or human activity. Several methods to assess groundwater vulnerability, which are based on hydrogeologic setting and socio-economical environment, have been developed in USA and Europe. A Modified-DRASTIC model including a lineament factor has been developed in South Korea, but it still has some limitations. To develop a solid and applicable method in this country, many data of quality, hydraulic features, GIS data, and pollution source, produced from a Basic Survey based on Article 5 of the Groundwater Act and other research projects, need to be collected, analyzed and verified introducing the previous methods.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

Policies regarding to soil quality of the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, and Demark were analyzed to suggest Korean policy for improving soil quality concept and it's implementation. All countries met four criteria: I) Soil quality levels of contaminants are indebt to concept of contaminant risk to recipients (human and ecosystem); ii) Any soil quality value can't be a magic number to determine whether a site is contaminated or not. To determine risk of sites, risk assessment of the sites should be followed; iii) Concentrations of contaminants of sites are not always significantly certain to risk of human and ecosystem of the sites; and iv) Soil quality levels are adopted based on land uses and plans. Considering our rooms to improve policies and analysis of the other country reports on their legislations about soil quality levels, our policy implementation could be approached from these directions: i) Our concept for soil quality levels needs to develop in scientific and rational. ii) Soil quality levels and risk assessment should be implemented as determining tools of site contamination in parallel, and iii) Soil quality levels depending on land uses and plans should be developed in debt with rational and scientific concept of risk. Increasing efficacy of Korea policy regarding the soil quality levels would be in dept to applying concepts of SCL (Soil Contamination Level) and SRL (Soil Regulatory Level) developed, implementing soil quality levels and risk assessment of contaminated sites in conjunction, and classifying three distinctions of land uses based on sensitiveness of recipients (human and ecosystem) to contaminants in soil in this research.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.3 no.1 s.8
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• pp.41-48
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• 2003

오염토양을 관리하는데 있어 현재 가장 중요하게 인식되는 부분은 오염물질이 정화되었다는 판정을 '어떤 기준으로 내리는 것이 합리적인가?'하는 것이다. 오염된 토양을 '어느 정도의 수준으로 복구를 하여야 하는가?'에 대한 의문이 학계와 산업계를 중심으로 꾸준히 제기되어 왔으며 미국의 경우, 환경청(Environmental Protection Agency) 등을 중심으로 그러한 물음에 대한 해답을 찾기 위한 본격적인 연구 및 조사활동이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 지금까지는 오염물질의 토양잔류농도와 획일화된 규제기준을 비교하여 오염여부를 판단한 후 복구여부 및 수준이 결정되어 왔는데 이러한 방법에 문제점이 있으며 현실적이지 못하다는 과학적 증거들이 발견, 축적되면서 이에 대한 대안이 모색되기 시작하였고 그 중의 하나가 '위해성에 근거한 복원전략(risk-based remediation strategy, RBRS)' 이라고 할 수 있다. RBRS는 오염토양의 정화기준을 결정하는데 있어 기존의 화학적 방법(즉, 토양잔류농도)뿐만 아니라 생물학적, 독성학적 방법도 같이 사용함으로써 오염물질의 실질적인 이용성에 따른 생독성을 평가하는 방법이다. RBRS의 가장 큰 장점은 오염물질의 종류뿐만 아니라 오염 지역의 특수성(예: 토지이용용도, 토양 및 지하수 특성, 수용체 집단의 특성 등)을 고려하여 오염물질의 위해성(risk) 여부를 판단하며 그 결과에 의거하여 오염지역의 정화 실시 여부 및 수준을 결정한다는 것이다. 따라서 RBRS에 의한 정화 및 복구사업은 과학적, 합리적, 경제적인 바탕 위에서 시행된다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 장점들을 이유로 우리나라에서도 향후 오염지역의 정화에 RBRS와 같은 개념이 이용될 것으로 예상되며 학계를 중심으로 이에 대한 인식과 이해의 폭을 넓혀 나가야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.659-666
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to suggest a standard design procedure of landfarming for clean-up of oil-contaminated soils. The standard design procedure consisted of four main phases; soil characterization, determination of contaminated soil volume, determination of nutrient and microbial doses, and estimation of the total remedial period. This study selected standard design parameter values or ranges among various forms used in environmental engineer communities. Those were determination procedures for the contaminated soil volume, the initial contamination concentration and nutrient doses. The suggested standard design procedure were applied for a landfarm design for remediation of a real oil-contaminated site. Soil texture of the site was classified as sandy clay loam and sandy loam. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus were estimated to be 57.01 mg/kg and 83.40 mg/kg, respectively. Also the viable bacterial numbers was assessed to be $1.78{\times}10^4CFU/g$ dry soil. The amount of TPH contaminated soil was estimated to be $4,092m^3$. With the application of remedial factors, it was estimated that the contaminated soil could be treated through 9 batches with a duration of 315 days for a landfarming unit of $15m{\times}40m{\times}1m$. The amount of liquid microorganisms and fertilizers were recommended to be 4,025L and 4,641kg, respectively.