• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to provide response plans against acts of suicide bomb using utilize unmanned aircrafts to prevent large losses of lives such as the terrorist attacks of September 11. As the result, First, this research suggests revising the definition and categorization of utilizing unmanned aircrafts and legislating the Anti-terrorism law. Second, it is needed to establish the proper social safety network through terrorism response management integrated system against the terror of related organization. Third, suicide bomb using utilizing unmanned aircrafts can be occurred because it is possible to make bomb and open web site for terrorism without connection with terrorist organization because of universal use of Internet. In response to this, it is needed to make a law which can block the use and open of illegal site and contents. Forth, the increasing number of foreigners and immigrants can make conflicts, and cause the foreigner's anti-korea feeling and the citizen's anti-cultural diffusion. Therefore, it is needed for the citizen to change and improve the awareness of them, and the change of social politics.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1129-1135
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• 2016

The NH-NongHyup network and servers were paralyzed in 2011, in the 2013 3.20 cyber attack happened and classified documents of Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co. Ltd were leaked on december in 2015. All of them were conducted by a foreign country. These attacks were planned for a long time compared to the script kids attacks and the techniques used were very complex and sophisticated. However, no successful solution has been implemented to defend an APT attacks(Advanced Persistent Threat Attacks) thus far. We will use big data analytics to analyze whether or not APT attacks has occurred. This research is based on the data collected through ISAC monitoring among 3 hierarchical Korean Defense System. First, we will introduce related research about big data analytics and machine learning. Then, we design two big data analytics models to detect an APT attacks. Lastly, we will present an effective response method to address a detected APT attacks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.317-320
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• 2016

The NH-NongHyup network and servers were paralyzed in 2011, in the 2013 3.20 cyber attack happened and Classified documents of Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co. Ltd were leaked on December in 2015. All of them were conducted by a foreign country. These attacks were planned for a long time compared to the script kids attacks and the techniques used were very complex and sophisticated. However, no successful solution has been implemented to defend an APT attack thus far. Therefore, we will use big data analytics to analyze whether or not APT attack has occurred in order to defend against the manipulative attackers. This research is based on the data collected through ISAC monitoring among 3 hierarchical Korean defense system. First, we will introduce related research about big data analytics and machine learning. Then, we design two big data analytics models to detect an APT attack and evaluate the models' accuracy and other results. Lastly, we will present an effective response method to address a detected APT attack.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2023

항공편과 승객의 흐름을 효율적으로 처리하기 위한 디지털 시스템에 대한 의존도 증가와 승객용 기내 와이파이 서비스 등으로 인해 민간항공의 사이버 보안 취약성은 매년 증가하고 있는데 비해 공항에 대한 무장 공격, 항공기에 폭발물 설치 및 납치와 같은 전통적인 테러에 맞춰 마련된 항공보안 관련 국제협약은 사이버 위협에 직접적으로 적용하기 어렵다는 문제를 갖고 있다. 본 연구는 민간항공에 대한 사이버 공격의 예방 및 기소와 관련된 국제협약의 적정성을 검토한 후, 사이버 위협 대응을 위한 기존 국제협약 체계, 잠재적 차이 해석 등을 중점적으로 분석하여 민간항공의 안전을 위협하는 불법방해행위로부터 중요정보 및 시스템을 보호하는 항공 사이버 보안 국제표준 마련 및 이행 촉진을 강조하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.333-354
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• 2011

After the terrorist attack of 9/11 on the USA, the security concern to global trade has been raised. In particular, the USA has actively promoted a series of initiatives and rules such as CSI, 24 hour rule, C-TPAT, and so on in the area of logistics activities, which aimed to better protect the country against the potential terrorist threats. While implementing such schemes called as a multi-layed logistics security strategy, a large number of countries trading with USA are facing with the issues of additional time and costs for inspecting cargos in their logistics facilities. As a result, most countries all over the world have sought a way to minimize the impacts from such strategy. The Korea also is preparing the several security programs operated by various ministries, which are aiming to not only improve the efficiency of trade flows but also to ensure supply chain security. However, many companies are expressing the inefficiency of operating such programs. Thus, this paper analyzed several global supply chain security programs currently adopted by international organizations(ISO, WCO, and IMO) and major countries(USA, EU, and Singapore) and suggested a guideline for developing the national logistics security system.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.32-38
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• 2014

전력시스템에 IT를 결합한 스마트그리드에 대한 연구가 최근 활발히 진행되고 있다. 스마트그리드 중 전력시스템의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 전력시스템 제어센터 간 통신을 담당하는 것이 ICCP 프로토콜이며, 주로 중앙급전소와 지역급전소간의 전력망 정보들을 교환하는데 사용되고 있다. 이 프로토콜은 단지 전력망의 정보교환 뿐 아니라 전력기기제어 기능도 가지고 있다. ICCP 프로토콜은 TCP/IP 프로토콜을 기반으로 동작하기 때문에 잠재적으로 다양한 형태의 사이버 공격이 가능하다. 또한 이 프로토콜을 사용하는 중앙급전소의 경우 주요 국가기반시설로써 사이버테러에 더욱더 공고한 대응체계를 갖추어야 할 필요가 있다. 현재 ICCP 프로토콜을 사용하는 통신 구간은 일반적으로 외부 네트워크와 분리되어 그 안전성을 담보하고 있지만, 네트워크 분리를 통한 보안성 향상 기법이 체계적인 관리와 함께 수반되지 않으면 인적 취약성이나 새로운 형태의 모바일 기기를 통한 물리적 취약성에 지속적으로 노출 될 수 있는 잠재적 위험을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 이러한 보안 사고의 잠재적 발생 가능성으로 인해 외부네트워크와 분리된 제어센터들도 향후 더욱더 높은 수준의 보안 기술을 적용할 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 전력 제어센터 사이에서 사용되고 있는 ICCP 프로토콜의 사이버 보안 현황에 대해 살펴보고 해당 프로토콜의 보안 위험성과 이에 대한 대응방안을 고찰한다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.247-257
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• 2020

The Purpose of this study is to present effective Anti-Drone systems to protect national important facilities against drones that are illegally used by crime groups and terrorists with malicious intents. In order to accomplish the purpose of the study, technical and policy reports regarding Anti-Drone systems, open documents from manufacturers and various research papers are reviewed, and in-depth interviews with experts were conducted. Studies have shown that it is effective to overlay and mix different detection systems so that they can improve detection rates by supplementing each other's advantages and disadvantages, and that the means of incapacitation need to acquire flexibility by using both soft-kill and hard-kill methods in accordance with operational environment for the effective usage. In other words, the establishment of an illegal drone pre-management system, mixed and overlapping detection assets, determining appropriate countermeasures, and multiple distribution of means of incapacitation. The establishment of a protection system for important national facilities through the operation of overlapping and complex anti-drone systems is the most urgent task.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2024

North Korea's rapidly advancing drone development and operational capabilities have become a significant threat to South Korea's security. The drone incursions by North Korea in 2014, 2017, and 2022 demonstrate the technological advancement and provocative potential of North Korean drones. This study aims to closely analyze the military threats posed by North Korean drones and seek effective countermeasures. The research examines the development level of North Korean drone technology, its military applications, the characteristics and patterns of recent drone incursions, the adequacy and limitations of South Korea's current response systems, and future countermeasures. For this purpose, domestic and international research literature and media reports were reviewed, and specific North Korean drone incursion cases were analyzed. The results indicate that North Korea's small drones possess technological features such as small size, low altitude, low-speed flight, long-duration flight, and reconnaissance equipment. These drones pose threats that can be utilized for reconnaissance, surveillance, surprise attacks, and terrorism. Additionally, South Korea's current response systems reveal limitations such as inadequate detection and identification capabilities, low interception success rates, lack of an integrated response system, and insufficient specialized personnel and equipment. Therefore, this study suggests various technical, policy, and international cooperative countermeasures, including the development of drone detection and identification technologies, the utilization of diverse drone neutralization technologies, the establishment of legal and institutional foundations, the construction of a cooperative framework among relevant agencies, and the strengthening of international cooperation. The study particularly emphasizes the importance of raising awareness of the North Korean drone threat across South Korean society and unifying national efforts to respond to these threats.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.89-113
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• 2013

Travel by airplane using airport in globalized modern society is familiar to our life but such airport can be a target of terrorists who would threaten our safety. However, aviation terrorism which is represented by 9.11 terror gives horror beyond our imagination to modern people. Since the first airplane hijacking in Peru in 1931 happened, security organization in each nation has taken various prevention measures to block aviation terrorism. The most realistic measures to prevent aviation terrorism would be security check activity to control approach of terrorist that passengers on airplane and cargos are checked to find out dangerous article like explosive etc. But security check activity in Korea shifted to security check activity focused on private security for efficiency of airport operation differently from security check activity in advanced countries where public interests is strengthened according to risk of terror after 9.11 system. That is, since Incheon airport opened in March 2001, security check system focused on the police was changed. Now Incheon international airport Corporation instructs and supervises security check job and private security personnel are in charge of actual security check activity. But this check system has limitation in blocking terror activity by terrorists which is systematized and intelligent as time passes due to deteriorated job satisfaction of private security personnel and confusing supervising system. Accordingly, it is suggested to introduce risk management skill which is one of management strategy of private corporation for security check activity to prevent terror activity. With this skill, risk factors of aviation terror are identified and analyzed regularly, and each process such as setting of priority, activity to reduce risk, and assessment of security is carried out. And it would be necessary to do efforts, for example, to properly change level of security check according to threat of terror such as to place policeman at airport security in case threat of terror is severe. On the other hand, it is necessary to establish national police organization for good communication of security check activity in field and supervising function, which can encourage systematization and specialization of aviation security job.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.24
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• pp.91-123
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• 2010

The threat factors available for occurrence given G20 Summit Meeting are expected leader terrorism, hostage terrorism, bomb terrorism, public facilities terrorism, and aircraft terrorism. As for the threat groups, which are expected in Korea, the North Korea, Islam extremist group, and the group such as NGO organization of being opposed to international meeting are regarded as having possibility of causing hazard. Thus, the purpose of this study is to suggest VIP Security-measure plans in the main site in preparation for G20 Summit Meeting. Accordingly, each country in the world is adopting 'the principle of Triple Ring' in common. Thus, it elicited a coping plan by 1st line(inner ring) 2nd line(middle ring) 3rd line(outer ring) based on this principle, and proposed even an opinion together that will need to be reflected in light of policy for the VIP security measures. In conclusion, as for the VIP Security-measure plans in the main site in preparation for G20 Summit Meeting, In the inner ring(safety sector), first, an intercepting measure needs to be devised for a spot of getting into and out of vehicles given the Straight Street. Second, the Walking Formation needs to be reinforced boldly in the exposed area. In the middle ring(security sector), first, the control plan needs to be devised by considering particularity of the main site. Second, there is necessity for adopting the efficient security badge operation plan that is included RFID function within security badge. In the outer ring(aid protective sector), first, there is necessity of preparing for several VIP terrorisms, of collecting information and intelligence, and of reinforcing the information collection system against terrorism under the cooperation with the overseas information agency. Second, the urgent measure training in time of emergency needs to be carried out toward security agent event manpower. Third, to maintain the certain pace in VIP motorcade, the efficient traffic control system needs to be operated. Finally, as for what will need to be reflected in light of policy for VIP security measures, first, there is necessity for allowing VIP residence to be efficiently dispersed to be distributed and controlled. Second, there is necessity for allowing impure element to misjudge or attack to be failed by utilizing diverse deception operations. Third, according to the reorganization in North Korea's Organization of the South Directed Operations, the powerful 'military-support measure' needs to be driven from this G20 Summit Meeting. For this, the necessity was proposed for further reinforcing the front back defense posture under the supervision of the Ministry of National Defense and for positively coping even with detecting and removing poison in preparation for CBR (chemical, biological, and radio-logical) terrorism.