• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.284-293
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• 2024

As the importance of container ships in maritime transport grows, the demand and supply for such vessels have been increasing. To reduce costs and improve operational efficiency, container shipping lines have formed shipping alliances, engaging in joint operations and vessel-sharing arrangements. Since the establishment of these alliances in 1995, they have evolved in various forms. In 2024, Maersk and Hapag-Lloyd announced the formation of a new shipping alliance, the 'Gemini Cooperation,' set to begin in February 2025, signaling a potential realignment of shipping alliances. This shift will significantly impact operations of ports like Busan. In the case of Busan Port, the inability of a single terminal to accommodate large shipping alliance vessels has led to an increased reliance on multiple terminals, which in turn has caused an increase of inter-terminal transportation cost and a decrease in operational ef iciency. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine changes in shipping alliances since 2012, analyze the current usage of container terminals at Busan Port, and propose strategies for efficient port operations in response to expected realignment of shipping alliances.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2011

Recently, container terminal managers make an experiment on the double cycle and dual cycle operation, which ship loading and unloading were carried out simultaneously, for increasing the productivity of quay side. If, however, we make an experiment on dual cycle operation in a real job site, the efficiency is poor up to terminal operation method as YTs(Yard Tractors)' allocation method, QCs(Quay Cranes)' working speed, and position of export containers. Especially, using the existing yard operation method, it is difficult to support to dual and double cycle operation. Therefore, this paper examine more efficient terminal operation method, when terminal uses dual cycle operation. We developed a simulation model using simulation analysis software, Arena.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.385-392
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of new operation system for port container terminals. We assumed that the operation system of container terminal consists of monitorig ＆ control system, operation system, planning system, and information technology, and we selected total 19 technology alternatives. Through the results of questionnaire and interview received from field expert, we established the evaluation model and analyze the productivity improvement by estimating the weight and the priority of productivity for operation system. From the developed model, we provide useful implications to introduce new technologies of operation system for domestic container terminals.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 2023

In smart ports and port automation, the number of vertically deployed container terminals is growing. The purpose of this study is to analyze the productivity of horizontally arranged and vertically arranged container terminals by comparing the main ship operation time, and to recommend future strategies for increasing the operational efficiency of vertically configured container terminals. To achieve our goal, we chose two terminals representating each type, and collected berth allocation status data from 2018 to 2022. Then we analyzed the data using the Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) model, a parametric survival analysis technique. Under the assumption that the working circumstances of the C/C (Container Crane) are the same, we find that the productivity of on-board work of the vertically placed container terminal is higher than that of the horizontally placed container terminal. Our result also shows that the productivity is reduced during the COVID-19 period and the European ships show lower onboard work time. On the basis of these findings, we propose strategies to improve the productivity of vertical container terminals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.71-73
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• 2013

컨테이너 터미널에서는 컨테이너 물류에 대해 총제적인 활동을 원활하게 유지하기 위해서는 시스템은 필수불가결한 요소라고 볼 수 있다. 시스템을 개발, 구축하여 효과적으로 하역작업을 원활한 컨테이너 운송을 지원함으로서, 효과적인 작업환경에 생산성 향상과 만족스러운 고객서비스를 통한 고객유치 및 물량확보가 가능하고, 효율적인 터미널 운영이 가능하다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.1 s.97
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• pp.97-104
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to evaluate the expected effectiveness of new operation system for port container terminals. We assumed that the operation system of container terminal consists of monitoring & control system, operation system, planning system, and information technology, and we selected total 19 technology alternatives. Through the results of questionnaire and interview received from field expert, we established the evaluation model and analyzed the productivity improvement by estimating the weight and the priority of productivity for operation system From the developed model, we provide useful implications to introduce new technologies of operation system for domestic container terminals.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 컨테이너 터미널의 적정 안벽능력(Quay Capacity)을 분석하기 위한 시뮬레이션 모델을 구축하였다. 모델에서는 선박의 터미널 도착 특성, 선박별 양하량 및 적하량, 컨테이너 크레인(Container Crane, C/C) 생산성 및 투입대수 등을 입력변수로 입력하였으며, 시뮬레이션 결과로써는 안벽점유율, 선석 점유율, 대기시간 비율, 대기비율, Norm time 초과비율 등을 출력하였다. 이중 컨테이너 터미널의 평가지표로는 Norm time 초과비율, 대기비율 및 안벽점유율을 적용하였다. 컨테이너 터미널을 운영중인 터미널의 터미널 운영실적 자료를 이용하여 모델의 확인 및 검증을 실하였다. 모델은 Knowledge Base에 근거하여 수행되는 G2를 이용하여 구축하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.255-261
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• 1998

본 연구는 물류산업에 있어 중심의 위치를 차지하고 있는 항만산업에서 컨테이너 터미널 운영 기업(Container Terminal Operating Company, TOC)들이 현재 처해 있는 경제 상황하에서 생존을 하기 위해 어떠한 모습으로 변화되어야 할 것인지, 그리고 21세기를 선도하기 위하여 TOC들이 반드시 갖추어야 할 역량이 무엇인가에 관한 체크리스트와 미래를 어떻게 대비해 나가야 하는가에 대한 로드맵(roadmap)을 제시하고자 한다. 먼저 국내의 컨테이너 터미널 운영 기업들이 현재 처해있는 환경에 대한 새로운 인식을 통해 컨테이너 TOC들의 목표를 재 설정하고, 차세대 컨테이너 TOC의 모델을 제시한다. 그리고 이에 대한 추진과제를 설정하고 이렇게 설정된 과제들 중에서 정보시스템 부분에 대한 실행 계획 및 요소 기술, 추진 전략 등을 제시한다.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.71-89
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• 2002

In this paper, an integrated planning system is introduced for the efficient operation of container terminal. It consists of discharging and loading planning, yard planning, and berth scheduling subsystem. This interface of this system is considered for user's convenience, and the rule-based system is suggested and developed in order to make planning with automatic procedures, warning functions for errors.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.175-199
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is tthe first, diagnosing the effect of terminal operating strategy which Busan Port container operators established and executed by the strategy execution process (XPP) model, second, enhancing the competitiveness of Busan Port Container Terminal by presenting ways to improve the executive ability of strategies. In order to achieve the purpose, this study utilized XPP 6 steps diagnostic variables of Kaplan and Dr. Norton for problems of the strategy execution of Busan Port container operators and conducted the survey of 7-point scale targeting employees of Busan Port container operators for the variable measurement.