• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.359-369
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• 2022

In slope stability analysis for landslides, mountains have various slopes and geographical features, and hence it is necessary to estimate stability using rigorous analysis methods. In this study, after the analysis of infiltration behavior through unsaturated layers due to rainfall, the stability of landslide was estimated to account for the variation of pore water pressures. In the analysis of slope stability, a three-dimensional slope analysis was compared with an infinite slope analysis in a case study of terrain in which an actual landslide occurred. In the three-dimensional slope stability analysis, it was found that the location of the failure and the failure area were predicted accurately based on the detailed geological information despite the variation of geographical features.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-40
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• 2017

This study aims to examine the electricity/energy regime of Thailand, the largest energy-hungry country in the Mekong region. This study examined how the electricity/energy regime of Thailand has been shaped and changed up to the present, not only at the national level but also at the sub-regional level covering the Mekong region. Meanwhile, according to the Paris Agreement in 2015, which will get in to effect from 2020, developing countries as well as developed countries have been given voluntary responsibilities and reduction obligations in response to global climate change. Under the post 2020 Climate Change Regime, Thailand also needs to revise its existing electricity/energy policy. We reviewed the recent energy policy of Thailand and evaluated the possibility of transition to a sustainable energy system based on Energy Trilemma's analysis framework. And we examined the roles and impacts of the Thai civil society on the national power and energy planning as well as in the future climate change policy. As a result of the analysis, it can be seen that Thailand's electricity/energy regime has grown rapidly through the support of the West countries under the Cold War era. In particular, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand(EGAT) played the key role in Thailand's energy policy. In addition, Thailand's geopolitical location and relatively high economic level compared to neighboring countries will continue to be of importance in the future construction of power grids in the region. Meanwhile, in the frame of Energy Trilemma, Thailand has still been vulnerable to environmental sustainability. Thai NGOs have resisted to as well as collaborated with the government to influence the existing electricity/energy policy in the various dimensions but their influence has weakened considerably since the coup in 2014. In conclusion, this study suggests to cooperate with government as well as civil society for sustainable energy transformation of Thailand and Mekong region.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to analyse the landslide susceptibility and the future hazard in Inje, Korea using probability rainfalls and artificial neural network (ANN) environment based on geographic information system (GIS). Data for rainfall probability, topography, and geology were collected, processed, and compiled in a spatial database using GIS. Deokjeok-ri that had experienced 694 landslides by Typhoon Ewinia in 2006 was selected for analysis and verification. The 50% of landslide data were randomly selected to use as training data while the other 50% being used for verification. The probability of landslides for target years (1 year, 3 years, 10 years, 50 years, and 100 years) was calculated assuming that landslides are triggered by 1-day rainfall of 202 mm or 3-day cumulative rainfalls of 449 mm.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the attitudes and images of middle school students toward invention. This aims to provide basic data on qualitative improvement invention education. The results of this research are as follows: First, as for middle school students, the level of emotion and interest attitude toward invention is higher than elementary school students. The image of invention is positive but difficult (M=3.70). Second, as the overall attitude to invention according to gender of middle school students shows a consistent invention attitude, the attitude formation on invention during elementary school time is found to be important. The overall image of invention according to gender is shown to be significantly different (p<0.05). Third, the overall attitude on invention according to the grade of middle school students does not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05). As for the ranking according to factors on attitude depending on grades, cognitive attitude is followed by emotional attitude, attitude of interest, and practical attitude. The overall image of invention according to the grade of middle school students does not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05). This is determined as a result of the large pressure acting on the study from middle school. Finally, the acts of invention such as idea, creation, imagination, creativity are considered as important as the results of analysis of the words of the invention. Invention is analyzed to contribute to developing new products, providing convenience in life, social development, usefulness in real life, and alleviating inconvenience.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.71-80
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• 2014

This study predicted damage areas due to landslides in Gangwon Province and estimated the scale of damage to roads, buildings, and forests on the local government level. By using old research findings to predict landslides, the study established techniques to make maps for landslide vulnerability, occurrence possibility, and risk. The scale of damage to roads, buildings, and forests was estimated at the local government level by making a landslide risk map for 100mm, 200mm, and 300mm of accumulated rainfall. The scale of damage to roads, buildings, and forests was estimated to be greatest in Hongcheon-gun, Jeongseon-gun, and Hongcheon-gun, respectively, in case of 100mm~200mm accumulated rainfall, in Chuncheon City, Pyeongchang-gun, and Hongcheon-gun, respectively, in case of 200mm~300mm accumulated rainfall, and in Hongcheon-gun in case of 300mm accumulated rainfall or more. Those estimation results of scale of damage by landslides at the local government level will help to set priorities in landslide prevention and provide basic data for budget decisions.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.213-223
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• 2000

In order to establish the exact determination method of amino nitrogen in fish sauces, we compared the amino-nitrogen content in salt-fermented sand lance sauces according to the measuring methods and investigated influencing factors on the procedure of measuring. Amino-nitrogen content was increased in both sand lance sauce during fermentation periods and commercial sand lance sauces. Amino-nitrogen in fermented sand lance sauces for 12 months occupied 88.7% and 75.2% for the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS) method and the Copper-salt method, compare to the Formol method. The ratio of amino-nitrogen/total nitrogen in fermented sand lance sauce for 12 months was higher than in commercial sand lance sauces. The determination of amino-nitrogen by the TNBS method was influenced by concentration of salt in sand lance sauce. The amino-nitrogen content was the highest in the Formol method and followed by the TNBS method and the Copper-salt method without the influence of heating time and monosodium glutamate(MSG) concentration. We concluded that the determination of amino nitrogen in fish sauces was correct to measure with the TNBS method.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.331-344
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• 2009

Large landslides occurred since 1990 on natural terrain, Korea were reviewed with the existing data to characterize them in terms of the condition of rainfall, geology and geometry. Ten landslide areas over the nationwide are selected for this study. Among them, five areas consist of granite basement, four areas of granite and metamorphic rocks and the remaining an area of gabbro. The basement lithology on which landslides most dominantly occurred is granite, on which 58% of landslides among the total 3,435 are taken place, the next dominant one is metamorphic rocks where 24% of landslides are occurred, and the remaining 18% are on the areas of volcanic and sedimentary rocks which are partly distributed in some areas. The landslide occurrences may depend on the rainfall intensities rather than durations. We applied the theories of Caine's threshold and Olivier's final response coefficient to the Korean cases. The rainfall conditions at the landslide areas were all satisfied enough with the landslide triggering conditions suggested by Caine and Olivier. The triggering mechanism and type of landslides may largely depend on the weathering and geomorphic characteristics of basement lithology. The granite areas are characterized by being relatively shallow but consistent weathering profiles and almost no outcrop, and therefore, shallow translational slides are dominant. Whereas metamorphic areas are characterized by consisting of steep slope, weathered outcrops on ridges and partly on flanks and irregular weathering profiles, and relatively large debris flows are dominant.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.23-33
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• 2012

Recently, landslide disasters caused by severe rain storms and typhoons have been frequently reported. Due to the geomorphologic characteristics of Korea, considerable portion of urban area and infrastructures such as road and railway have been constructed near mountains. These infrastructures may encounter the risk of landslide and debris flow. It is important to evaluate the highly risky locations of landslide and to prepare measures for the protection of landslide in the process of construction planning. In this study, a landslide-risk prediction equation is proposed based on the statistical analysis of 423 landslide data set obtained from field surveys, disaster reports on national road, and digital maps of landslide area. Each dataset includes geomorphologic characteristics, soil properties, rainfall information, forest properties and hazard history. The comparison between the result of proposed equation and actual occurrence of landslide shows 92 percent in the accuracy of classification. Since the input for the equation can be provided within short period and low cost, and the results of equation can be easily incorporated with hazard map, the proposed equation can be effectively utilized in the analysis of landslide-risk for large mountainous area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.18-28
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• 2017

The purpose of this study to understand attitude toward smart education of preliminary special teachers who major in special education and provide a foundation for establishing a systematic support strategy for preliminary teachers after graduation for applying smart education to their students. To this end, 230 students enrolled in special education programs were studied. The questionnaire to measure attitude toward smart education of preliminary teachers consisted of a total of 38 questions including cognitive, affective and behavioral attitudes. The questionnaire was analyzed using the SPSS Win 20.0 Program to calculated general statistic analysis such as mean and standard deviation, and the t-test, ANOVA and a post-verification method, Turkey were performed to determine if there was a difference between the individual variables. The analysis showed that the level of smart education behavior of prospective special teachers was 'moderate', and behavioral attitudes showed the highest level of behavior, and the affective attitude was the lowest. The result showed that the differences between grade is significant and attitude scores of seniors is higher than freshmen's. and there was a statistically significant difference in 'cognitive attitude' and 'behavioral attitude'as sub-factors of attitude by whether the practice teaching was conducted.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2016

In relation to the impact of cumulative rainfall on landslides in accordance with the cumulative number of days, for the more than 100 mm rainfall, the 3 days cumulative rainfall experienced 64.9% of the total points, which is 986 points out of the 1520 points. The 5 days cumulative rainfall period experienced 60% of the total landslides, which is 846 points out of 1520 points analyzed. The 3 days or 5 days cumulative rainfall thus had a greater effect on landslides than the other days. In addition, for the 101-200 mm rainfall, more landslides occurred in the 10 days cumulative number of days, for the 201-300 mm, more landslides occurred in the 14 days cumulative number of days, whereas the 18 days cumulative number of days had more landslides for the 301-400 mm rainfall. Thus, it is imperative to take into consideration cumulative rainfall and the cumulative number of days of rainfall in the establishment of forecasting and warning systems for landslides, to minimize the damage caused to life and property by landslides.