• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.548-548
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• 2013

태양전지 제작에서 도핑 공정은 실리콘 웨이퍼에 불순물 원자를 주입시켜 p-n 접합을 형성시키는 과정이다. 도핑 공정은 주로 3족 혹은 5족 원소를 사용한다. 기존의 도핑 공정 장치는 소성로 및 레이저 장비를 사용하여 생산단가가 높고, 웨이퍼의 전면 도핑이 힘들다는 단점이 있다. 하지만 플라즈마 제트를 사용한 도핑장치는 저가의 장비를 개발할 수 있고, 전면 도핑이 쉽다는 장점을 가진다. 또한 도핑 농도 및 깊이 조절, 높은 농도의 도핑이 가능하다는 기존 장비의 장점을 유지한다. 플라즈마 제트를 솔라셀 웨이퍼 위에 도포된 dopant material layer에 조사하면 주로 플라즈마와 dopant간의 열적인 반응에 의하여 doping이 된다. 도핑을 위한 플라즈마 제트는 전류량의 조절 및 조사하는 양에 따라서 도핑 온도를 쉽게 조절 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 챔버 내 Ar 가스를 채운 후 플라즈마를 생성시켜 방전 특성을 조사한다. 챔버 내 가스의 압력, 전극과의 거리, 전극의 형태 등 장치의 조건을 변화시켜 특성을 확인하고, 안정적인 플라즈마의 물성을 유지하기 위한 조건을 찾는다. 또한 일반 대기압에서 가스 유량변화, 전극과의 거리, 전극의 형태 등 조건에 따른 방전 특성 및 플라즈마 방출 특성을 조사한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2011

Mo 박막은 전기전도성과 열적 안전성이 우수하여 CIGS 용 후면전극으로 사용되고 있다. 많은 연구자들이 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 Mo 박막을 이중 박막으로 제조하고 있으며, CIGS 용 기판재로 SLG(Soda Lime Glass)와 연성기판재등이 주로 이용되고 있다. 연구에서는 SLG 기판재를 이용하여 스퍼터링법과 증착속도 및 이온화 등이 우수한 아크 이온 플레이팅법으로 Mo 박막을 제조하였으며, 제조된 Mo 박막을 CIGS 증착공정을 통하여 태양전지 효율을 측정하였다. 스퍼터링법과 아크 이온 플레이팅법으로 제조된 CIGS용 Mo 후면전극 위에 CIGS 박막 제조시 최대 효율은 11.43%, 11.14% 을 나타내었으며 Fill factor 는 67%와 57.3% 의 결과을 얻었다. 제조된 CIGS 셀의 단면 구조를 분석하기 위해 SEM 과 EDS 를 이용하였다. 두 공정방법으로 제조된 CIGS 셀의 단면을 관찰하여 Mo 전극위에 CIGS 박막 성장시의 입자크기가 스퍼터링법보다 아크 이온 플레이팅법이 박막성장이 더딘 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 아크 이온 플레이팅법을 이용한 SLG 기판재위에 CIGS 용 Mo 후면전극의 제조와 적용 가능성에 대해 알아보았다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.131-133
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• 2008

A serious problem of the 21st century is the supply of energy resources. Reserves of fossil fuels are facing depletion: renewable energy resources must be developed in this era. Dye sensitized solar cell (DSC) has been very economical and easy method to convert solar energy to electricity. Recently a novel tandem cell structure is proposed to improve photocurrent of DSC. To fabricated a tandem cell, the mesh structure of counter electrode is essential for the improvement in transmittance. In this study, we conducted the experiment to get the characteristic of DSC with mesh counter electrode. Under the standard test condition (AM 1.5, 100mW/$cm^2$), we obtained the maximum efficiency of 3.41% and the transmittance of 72% in the DSC with mesh counter electrode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.258-259
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• 2015

$CuInSe_2$(CIS)층에 Na의 첨가는 태양전지 셀의 효율을 향상시키는데 도움을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 Na이 없는 코닝 유리 기판에 Mo/Mo-Na 이중 박막을 후면 전극으로 이용하여 CIS층의 Na소스로 작용하도록 하였다. CIS/Mo/Mo-Na 다층 박막을 제조한 후, AES분석을 통해 Na은 Mo/Na층과 CIS층의 계면과 CIS층의 표면에 주로 분포하는 것을 알 수 있었다. XRD분석을 통해서 Na함량이 증가할수록 Mo박막의 우선성장면 (110)면의 피크는 감소하였고, CIS의 우선 성장면인 (112)면은 점차 증가하여 Mo-Na층이 200 nm일 때, 최댓값을 가지고 이후로는 감소하는 경향을 보인다. CIS의 결정은 기판에 수직인 방향으로 덴드라이트 성장을 한다. Mo-Na층이 200 nm까지는 밀도가 높은 결정이 성장되지만, 그 이상으로 Na농도가 증가하면 결정 입자의 크기는 다소 성장하지만 밀도가 현저하게 감소한다. 이 결과들로 보아 CIS층의 Na농도조절은 Mo/Mo-Na 이중층의 두께조절을 통해 가능하며, Na이 CIS층에 초과되어 첨가되면 특성이 저하된다.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.31-35
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• 2011

For high efficiency of Si-cells, Si wafers were textured by the KOH and NaOH etching solution to decreas the reflectance at surfaces of the cells. The textured surfaces were shown various types such as isotropic and anisotropic depending on the etching solution. The reflectance at sample of an anisotropic form with pyramid type was lower than that of isotropic form. The surface with isotropic form of general tiny circles on the surface increased the efficiency, however, the reflectance of it was increased. The efficiency was increased on surface with low roughness.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.55.2-55.2
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• 2011

This research aims to study the effects of the incidence angle and surface temperature on the power generation performance of a thin-film CIGS solar cell for solar powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The test rig consists of a unit CIGS solar cell is installed on a table whose angle is controlled manually. A K-type thermocouple is attached to the solar cell surface for temperature measurements. A solar module analyzer measures the voltage and current generated from the test solar cell. The solar module analyzer also calculates the maximum solar power and efficiency of the solar cell. All test data are acquired in a PC. Test results show that the solar cell efficiency decreases significantly with increasing incidence angle and increasing surface temperature in general. As the incidence angle increases from 0 degree to 90 degree, the solar cell efficiency decreases by 60%. The solar cell efficiency decreases by 10% with increasing solar cell surface temperature from $20^{\circ}C$ to $30^{\circ}C$, for exmaple. The direct cooling method of the solar cell using dry ice decreases dramatically the solar cell surface temperature, thus increasing the solar cell efficiency by 15%.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze characteristics of Cell surface temperature and generated power performance for improving PV(Photovoltaic) system condition according to the cell opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system at Spandrel of curtain-wall. For this purpose, alternatives were classified for eight different cases that opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system varied from 0% to 70%, which was used by simulation tool, EnergyPlus. As results, it turned out that increasing opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system led higher PV surface temperature, back-sheet type was thus the most advantageous for decreasing surface temperature, annual generating efficiency, and annual accumulated generating power. Consequently, blocking off air space from outside insolation can advantageously keep to be better condition for generated power performance.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2011

Laser drilling of vias is the one of key technologies in developing Emitter-Wrap Through(EWT) solar cell which is particularly attractive due to the use of industrial processing and common solar grade p-type silicon materials. While alternative economically feasible drilling process is not available to date, the processing time and laser induced damage should be as small as possible in this process. This paper provides an overview on various factors that should be considered in using the laser via drilling technology for developing highly efficient and industrially applicable EWT solar cells.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.187-191
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• 2006

Sputter deposition followed by surface treatment was studied using reactive RF plasma as a method for preparing titanium oxide $(TiO_2)$ films on the FTO $(SnO_2: F)$ substrate for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Anatase structure $TiO_2$ films deposited by reactive RF magnetron sputtering under the conditions of $Ar/O_2(5%)$ mixtures, RF power of 600W and substrate temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ were surface-treated by inductive coupled plasma (ICP) with $Ar/O_2$ mixtures at substrate temperature of $400^{\circ}C$, and thus the films were applied to the DSCs. We have chosen a solar cell width as a variable of a large-scaled DSCs and confirmed electric characteristics of an individual cell. As a result, the higher the internal resistance of DSC becomes, the wider the width gets. Internal resistance makes it difficult to collect photoelectron generated from dye. Ultimately up sizing DSC causes the increase of internal resistance and then has a bad effect on the cell characteristics.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 2016

A key point of a soldering process for photovoltaic (PV) modules is to increase an adhesive strength leading a low resistivity between ribbon and cell. In this study, we intended to optimize a heating condition for the soldering process and characterize the soldered joint via physical and chemical analysis methods. For the purpose, the heating conditions were adjusted by IR lamp power, heating time and hot plate temperature for preheating a cell. Since then the peel test for the ribbon and cell was conducted, consequently the peel strength data shows that there is some optimum soldering condition. In here, we observed that the peel strength was modified by increasing the heating condition. Such a soldering property is affected by a various factors of which the soldered joint, flux and bus bar of the cell are changed on the heating condition. Therefore, we tried to reveal causes determining the soldering property through analyzing the soldered interface.