• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2010

클러스터 기반의 무선 센서 네트워크는 데이터를 병합하여 전송함으로써 에너지를 효율적으로 사용할 수 있다. 하지만 데이터를 병합하는 클러스터 헤드에 집중된 부하로 인해 센서노드 간 에너지 불균형이 발생하게 된다. 에너지가 고갈되어 가는 센서노드는 클러스터 헤드 선출기간에 필요한 메시지 전송에 따른 에너지 소모가 부담이 된다. 본 논문에서는 센서노드의 에너지가 고갈되어 갈 때 클러스터 선출에 발생하는 에너지 소모를 감소시키기 위해 클러스터 헤드 스케줄링 기법(Cluster Head Scheduling Scheme:CHSS)을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.527-530
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• 2010

WSN is composed of a lot of small sensors with the limited hardware resources. In WSN, at the initial stage, sensor nodes are randomly deployed over the region of interest, and self-configure the clustered networks by grouping a bunch of sensor nodes and selecting a cluster header among them. Specially, in WSN environment, in which the administrator's intervention is restricted, the self-configuration capability is essential to establish a power-conservative WSN which provides broad sensing coverage and communication coverage. In this paper, we propose a communication coverage-aware cluster head election algorithm for Herearchical WSNs which consists of communication coverage-aware of the Base station is the cluster head node is elected and a clustering.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.14-24
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• 2010

Because WSNs operate with limited resources of sensor nodes, its life is extended by cluster-based routing methods. In this study, we use data on direction, distance, density and residual energy in order to maximize the energy efficiency of cluster-based routing methods. Through this study, we expect to minimize the frequency of isolated nodes when selecting a new cluster head autonomously using information on the direction of the upper cluster head, and to reduce energy consumption by switching sensor nodes, which are included in both of the new cluster and the previous cluster and thus do not need to update information, into the sleep mode and updating information only for newly included sensor nodes at the setup phase using distance data. Furthermore, we enhance overall network efficiency by implementing secure and energy-efficient communication through key management robust against internal and external attacks in cluster-based routing techniques. This study suggests the modified cluster head selection scheme which uses the conserved energy in the steady-state phase by reducing unnecessary communications of unchanged nodes between selected cluster head and previous cluster head in the setup phase, and thus prolongs the network lifetime and provides secure and equal opportunity for being cluster head.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.125-129
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• 2015

The most important factor within the wireless sensor network is to have effective network usage and increase the lifetime of the individual nodes in order to operate the wireless network more efficiently. Therefore, many routing protocols have been developed. The LEACH protocol presented by Wendi Heinzelman, especially well known as a simple and efficient clustering based routing protocol. However, because LEACH protocol in an irregular network is the total data throughput efficiency dropped, the stability of the cluster is declined. Therefore, to increase the stability of the cluster head, in this paper, it proposes a stochastic cluster head selection method for improving the LEACH protocol. To this end, it proposes a SH-LEACH(Stochastic Cluster Head Selection Method-LEACH) that it is combined to the HEED and LEACH protocol and the proposed algorithm is verified through the simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.517-518
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• 2013

모바일 에드 혹 네트워크(Mobile Ad hoc Network)는 이동성을 가진 노드로 구성된 네트워크로서, 통신기반 시설의 지원이 없어도 스스로 통신망을 구축하여 통신한다. 하지만 노드의 이동성으로 인한 토폴로지의 변화가 빈번하여, 라우팅 경로 재설정으로 인한 오버헤드가 생성된다. 오버헤드 생성을 줄이기 위하여 클러스터링을 이용한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 클러스터가 형성된 MANET에서 클러스터 헤드 노드가 이동함에 따라 클러스터 영역을 벗어나게 되었을 경우, 클러스터 그룹에 속하는 멤버 노드들은 패킷을 보내지 못하며, 클러스터 헤드노드를 선출하지 못하여 사용할 수 없는 노드가 된다. 본 논문에서는 클러스터 헤드 노드가 클러스터 영역을 벗어날 경우, 클러스터 멤버노드의 상황인자 속성 벡터 정보가 유사한 클러스터 헤드노드를 이웃한 주변 클러스터 헤드로부터 검색 및 선택하여, 우회경로를 제공하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘에서 각 노드는 상황정보 매트릭스를 가지고 있어, 전송 커버리지 영역이 2홉 이내 반경에 있는 노드의 벡터 정보를 저장하게 된다. 클러스터 헤드 노드와의 연결이 끊어 졌을 경우, 클러스터 멤버 노드는 상황정보 매트릭스를 이용하여, 벡터정보가 유사한 클러스터 헤드 노드를 선택하여, 노드 간의 연결성 및 패킷의 전달성이 향상 된다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.3 s.113
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• pp.277-284
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• 2007

The routing algorithm many used in the wireless sensor network features the clustering method to reduce the amount of data transmission from the energy efficiency perspective. However, the clustering method results in high energy consumption at the cluster head node. Dynamic clustering is a method used to resolve such a problem by distributing energy consumption through the re-selection of the cluster head node. Still, dynamic clustering modifies the cluster structure every time the cluster head node is re-selected, which causes energy consumption. In other words, the dynamic clustering approaches examined in previous studies involve the repetitive processes of cluster head node selection. This consumes a high amount of energy during the set-up process of cluster generation. In order to resolve the energy consumption problem associated with the repetitive set-up, this paper proposes the Round-Robin Cluster Header (RRCH) method that fixes the cluster and selects the head node in a round-robin method The RRCH approach is an energy-efficient method that realizes consistent and balanced energy consumption in each node of a generated cluster to prevent repetitious set-up processes as in the LEACH method. The propriety of the proposed method is substantiated with a simulation experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.198-204
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• 2012

Generally, the clustering of sensor nodes in WSN is a useful mechanism that helps to cope with scalability problem and, if combined with network data aggregation, may increase the energy efficiency of the network. The Hierarchical clustering routing algorithm is a typical algorithm for enhancing overall energy efficiency of network, which selects cluster-head in order to send the aggregated data arriving from the node in cluster to a base station. In this paper, we propose the improved-LEACH that uses comparably simple and light-weighted policy to select cluster-head nodes, which results in reduction of the clustering overhead and overall power consumption of network. By using fine-grained power model, the simulation results show that i-LEACH can reduce clustering overhead compared with the well-known previous works such as LEACH. As result, i-LEACH algorithm and LEACH algorithm was compared, network power-consumption of i-LEACH algorithm was improved than LEACH algorithm with 25%, and network-traffic was improved 16%.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.163-169
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• 2016

To establish the equitable distribution of total energy load, a representative cluster based routing protocol LEACH selects cluster heads randomly in accordance with the pre-determined probability every round. But because the current energy level of sensor nodes is not considered, if a sensor node which has little residual energy is elected as a cluster head, it can not live to fulfil the role of cluster head which has big energy load. As a result, the first time of death of a node is quickened and the service quality of WSN gets worse. In this regard we propose a new routing method that, by considering the current energy of a cluster head and the distance between cluster heads and a base station, selects the sub cluster head for saving the energy of a cluster head. Simulation results show that the first time of death of a node prolongs, more data arrive at the base station and the service quality of WSN improves.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1165-1170
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• 2022

In WSNs, a clustering algorithm groups sensor nodes on a unit called cluster and periodically selects a cluster head (CH) that acts as a communication relay on behalf of nodes in each cluster for the purpose of energy conservation and relay efficiency. Meanwhile, attack techniques also have emerged to intervene in the CH election process through compromised nodes (inside attackers) and have a fatal impact on network operation. However, existing countermeasures such as encryption key-based methods against outside attackers have a limitation to defend against such inside attackers. Therefore, we propose a statistical detection method that detects abnormal CH election behaviors occurs in a WSN cluster. We design two attack methods (Selfish and Greedy attacks) and our proposed defense method in WSNs with two clustering algorithms and conduct experiments to validate our proposed defense method works well against those attacks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.132-135
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• 2017

무선 센서 네트워크에서 센서 노드는 한정된 에너지를 가진다. 이에 센서 노드의 전송 에너지의 효율을 높여 네트워크의 수명을 연장하는 것이 중요하다. 무선 센서 네트워크에서 LEACH는 클러스터 헤드가 난수를 이용한 확률값으로 선출하여 주변 노드들과 함께 클러스터를 구성한다. 그러나 노드들이 베이스 스테이션과 클러스터 헤드 사이에 존재할 경우 클러스터 헤드로 데이터를 전송하게 되므로, 베이스 스테이션의 역방향으로 전송하게 된다. 이는 역방향 전송을 받은 클러스터 헤드가 다시 베이스 스테이션에 데이터를 전송하게 되어 불필요한 에너지를 소비한다. 본 논문에서는 LEACH의 불필요한 전송 에너지의 소비를 줄이기 위하여 D-LEACH를 제안한다. D-LEACH는 센서 노드와 베이스 스테이션 그리고 클러스터 헤드 사이의 거리를 계산하여 직접 전송하거나 멀티 홉 전송으로 데이터의 전송방향을 베이스 스테이션이 위치한 방향으로만 전송하게 함으로 전송 에너지 효율을 높인다.