• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the properties of mixtures of mixed organic fertilizer (MOF) and various organic sources such as livestock manure compost (LMC), dried compost of poultry manure (CPM), dried food waste powder (FWP) and amino acid by-product fertilizer (ABF) and their influences on growth of lettuce and Chinese cabbage. The content of N, P2O5 and K2O of mixture of MOF, LMC and FWP (MLF) was 3.6~3.9%, 2.1~2.2% and 1.3~1.4%, respectively. Lettuce dry weight of MLF3 treatment blending with MOF (60%), LMC (10%) and FWP (30%) was increased by about 29% than that of MOF. The content of N, P2O5 and K2O of mixture of MOF, CPM, FWP and ABF (MCFA) was 4.5~4.7%, 1.7~1.9% and 1.3~1.4%, respectively. Compared to MOF, growth factors of lettuce and Chinese cabbage in the MCFA treatments were not significantly deferent. These results indicated that MLFs and MCFAs, the mixtures of respectively organic sources and MOF, could be applied as orgnic fertilizer in the cultivation of lettuce and Chinese cabbage, and were expected that LMC and ABF might be used as another sources of organic fertilizer.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2016

Fertilization is required to keep the balance of tissue nutrients and to produce high quality seedlings at the permanent nursery. This study was conducted to verify the optimum fertilization method for Fraxinus rhynchophylla, F. mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis, and Abies holophylla seedlings with vector diagnosis method. Seven treatments include nitrogen (N, $13.8g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), phosphorus (P, $6.1g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), potassium ($7.5g{\cdot}m^{-2}$) fertilization and 1x (N $6.9g{\cdot}m^{-2}$, P $3.05g{\cdot}m^{-2}$, K $3.65g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), 2x (twice of 1x), 4x (four times of 1x) fertilization and no fertilization. Soil pH decreased as fertilization increased. Nitrogen and NPK fertilization decreased exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ concentrations. Height and root collar diameter of F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica significantly increased with N and NPK fertilization, but those of P. koraiensis and A. holophylla did not. The biomass of F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica was about twice higher at NPK fertilization compared to the control. The responses of vector diagnosis were different by tree species and fertilization treatment: F. rhynchophylla was in the status of N "dilution", which means the N concentration decreases with N content. Phosphorus and K were "sufficiency" state with 4x fertilization. F. mandshurica showed "retranslocation" as N content decreased without change of dry weight at N, P, K fertilization, but "dilution" state at NPK fertilization. This result suggested that optimal fertilization was required for F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica in seedling production stage, but was not essential for P. koraiensis and A. holophylla.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.155-159
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• 1992

This study was carried out to know the effects of two kinds of peper mill sludge manure compost(SMC-1 and SMC-2) on the growth and chemical comments of carrot(Daucus carota L.) : SMC-1 contained 18% of swine manure and 8 % of sawdust on a fresh weight basis and SMC-2 contained swine manure without sawdust a third of the total weight of the manure and S-0(control) was treated with chemical fertilizer only, S-1 and S-2 was with SMC-1 and SMC-2 respectively, in addition to the chemical fertilizer. Carrot treated with S-1 and S-2 showed the increasing tendency of fresh weight per root and fresh yield of carrot per unit area than control(S-0), and the contents of nitrogen(N), phosporus(P), potassium(K) and calcium(Ca) in carrot grown on SMC treatments were higher than those on control(S-0), The S-2 treatment tended to increase values of the fresh weight of live leaves, root diameter, fresh weight per root and fresh yield of carrot per unit area than S-1 treatment. The contents in carrot were higher in the order of K>Ca, N. P>Mg, and the contents of aluminium, zinc, copper and chromium were below the level of toxicity for plant growth, and the contents of cadmium and lead were negligible. From the results obtained, it can be said that SMC application showed favorable effects on the growth of carrot when compared to control(S-0), and with the SMC treatments SMC-2 aplication was favorable.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2010

Nowadays, Korean farmers rely more on chemical fertilizers than low input sustainable agriculture drawn from the farm itself. In order to improve soil nutritional imbalance for environment friendly agriculture in greenhouse, we have carried out a relationship between fertilizer application level, and soil chemical properties for strawberry cultivation at 56 sites in Chungnam Province. Average amount of nitrogen as basal fertilization was 92.3 Mg $ha^{-1}$ which higher 2.6 times compared to standard amount of basal fertilizer. In case of compost application more than 30 Mg $ha^{-1}$, excessive ratio compared to optimum level was higher 1.8 times for EC value, 3.0 times for available phosphate, 2.6 times for exchangeable potassium, 1.7 times for exchangeable calcium, and 1.6 times for exchangeable magnesium, respectively. Amounts of compost application significantly correlated with available phosphate (r=0.370, $p{\leq}0.01$), exchangeable potassium(r=0.429, $p{\leq}0.01$), exchangeable calcium(r=0.404, $p{\leq}0.01$), exchangeable magnesium(r=0.453, $p{\leq}0.01$), and exchangeable sodium(r=0.369, $p{\leq}0.01$), respectively. Our results suggest that soil nutrients management for sustainable agriculture was optimum fertilization based on soil testing for strawberry cultivation in greenhouse.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of potassium fertigation on the growth and yield of fourteen years-old 'Campbell Early' grapevine (Vitis labrusca L.) on a sandy loam soil. METHODS AND RESULTS: Potassium application (125 kg/ha/yr) was top-dressed as 30% of annual potassium application in all treatments and the remainders were drip-irrigated with 0 (0% of total K, K0 level of the remainder), 25 (17.5% of total K, K1/4 level of the remainder), 50 (35% of total K, K1/2 level), and 100mg/L (70% of total K, K1 level) in the intervals of 2 times a week for 12 weeks and the effect of K drip fertigation was compared to control treatment in which the K remainder was applied with surface application as additional fertilizer. The growth of stem diameter, leaf number and shoot length were highest in K1/2 (50 mg/L K), but K of mineral contents was lowest in K0. Yield of grapevine was no difference in 2008, but significantly higher K1/2 than other treatments in 2009. However, fruit quality (color degree, brix, acid contents) was no difference among the treatment. CONCLUSION(s): From the results, It is expected that K1/2 levels of fertigation based on soil testing could be more efficient to get optimum yield and save potassium fertilizer than control (surface application) treatments when grapevine was drip-irrigated at open field condition.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.343-351
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• 2013

This study is to investigate the effects of the draw solution concentration on forward osmosis desalination performance using blended fertilizer as draw solution. As the concentration of blended fertilizer solution (draw solution) increased, the water permeate flux increased nearly linearly, but PR (performance ratio) was reduced. Using sea water and deionized water as the feed solution, respectively, at the blended fertilizer solution of 600 g/L $H_2O$, the PR obtained were 5.39 and 6.50, respectively. And as the concentration of blended fertilizer solution increased, the reverse solute flux for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) increased nearly linearly, but specific reverse solute flux for them was reduced. The reverse solute flux and specific reverse solute flux became higher in the order of N > K > P.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 2003

Rose is one of the major cut-flower crops in Korea. A survey was conducted to investigate the chemical properties of soils cultivating rose under plastic film house at 72 farms in Korea. Soil texture distribution of the samples were loam(43%), silty clay loam(19%), and clay loam(17%). The average chemical properties of the surface soils were pH 5.85, electrical conductivity $3.61dS\;m^{-1}$, organic matter $37g\;kg^{-1}$, nitrate nitrogen $205mg\;kg^{-1}$, phosphorous as Av. $P_2O_5$ $844mg\;kg^{-1}$, and exchangeable potassium $1.41cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$. Available phosphate and exchangeable potassium were accumulated at the level higher than the optimum content in over 70% of the surveyed farms. The flower stalk length was positively correlated with the organic matter content in soil, but was negatively correlated with the electrical conductivity in Red Sandra cultivar.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.246-250
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the effect of controlled-release fertilizer on growth of Oncidium. Leaf and pseudobulb length increased with controlled-release fertilizer from 2 g to 3 g treatment compared to hyponex and controlled-release fertilizer I g treatment, while leaf width and number of leaf was not significant among treatments. Plant weight increased with controlled-release fertilizer from 2 g to 3 g treatment compared to hyponex and controlled-release fertilizer I g treatment. Flowering date(bloomed October early) did not show significant difference among treatments. The number of flowers showed the most in controlled-release fertilizer 3 g treatment as 62.4 ea/plant, but was not different significantly among treatments. Flower stem length and width were also non-significant among treatments. Branching numbers increased in the controlled-release fertilizer 2 g and 3 g treatments. Mineral elements of shoot increased from 2 g to 3 g treatment rather than the controlled-release fertilizer 1g treatment. Especially, K content was higher compared to N and P content. Therefore, appropriate controlled-release fertilizer amount for Oncidium was recommended as 2 g.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2007

Traffic causes more and more stress and injury to grasses on golf course green in Korea due to the increased playing. This study compared the effect of fertilizer component (Nitrate, Phosphate, Potassium) on turfgrass growth and quality golf course green under traffic stress during early winter. Experiment was conducted by using different fertilizer components for 2 months(Oct. 1 to Nov. 30, 2005). Turfgrass leaf color, leaf texture, density and traffic tolerance were evaluated visually, and the root length(cm) and tiller density(tiller/$cm^2$) were measured. Creeping bentgrass(Agrostis palustris cv. 'Seaside II') fromthe nursery of Incheon Grand Golf Club was used. Results of this study are as followings: 1). Turfgrass color was the best in A6(20-15-10) and A5(15-15-10) treatments in the N study. Leaf texture was not different among treatments. Turf quality and traffic tolerance were the highest In A5 and A6. Root length was the longest(15.8cm) in A6 (20-15-10). Root length increased with nitrogen levels. 2). Turf color of A9(5-7.5-5) and A10(15-22.5-15) was darkest in the comparison of P study. Leaf texture was the best in A4(10-15-10) and A9. Turf quality was the best in A10. A7(10-0-10). 3). In general, to recover turfgrass damage on the putting greens during low temperature period, fertilizer amount need to be increased; and nitrogen is better than phosphate and potassium for that purpose.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.175-184
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• 2002

Soil chemical parameters of peach orchards and the concentration of nutrients in peach leaves were investigated. Results of soil analysis showed that pH value and content of exchangeable calcium was quite low, required to adjust soil acidity in many investigated soils. Nitrogen and phosphorous contents in leaves were founded to be excessive comparing to RDA's optimal levels(N $29.3{\sim}35.9g\;kg^{-1}$, P $1.7{\sim}2.2g\;kg^{-1}$), while calcium contents were lower than optimal levels($11.2{\sim}21.0g\;kg^{-1}$) in many sites and Potassium content was higher in peach cultivars than nectarine cultivars. Correlation analysis revealed that organic matter contents in subsoils and exchangeable calcium content in soils(top and subsoil) were increased with cultivation year, but available phosphate contents in subsoils were decreased. Organic matter and exchangeable magnesium contents in top soils were positively correlated with potassium and magnesium contents in leaves, whereas were negatively correlated with calcium contents in leaves, impling antagonistic absorption of calcium against potassium and magnesium. The findings indicated that most of soils ought to managed to adjust soil acidity and application amount of nitrogen, phosphorous fertilizer and compost should be controlled properly.