• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2022

In removable partial dentures, abutment teeth are essential for support, maintenance, and stability of partial dentures, and are an important factor in the fabrication of functional dentures. If the number of periodontally sound abutments is sufficient and they are located on both sides, it will be easy to manufacture functional dentures with good support, maintenance, and stability. But on the contrary, if the number of teeth is insufficient or if they are located on one side, it is biomechanically disadvantageous and relatively difficult to make functional denture. On the other hand, recently, implant-supported removable dentures, which reinforce the three elements of maintenance, support, and stability by using implant surveyed crown, have been frequently selected as treatment plans. In particular, by adding an implant surveyed crown when only a small number of residual teeth remain, mastication efficiency, esthetics, patient comfort, and pronunciation can be improved. In this case, bilateral posterior extension partial denture was fabricated using implant surveyed crown as abutments by placing implants in the premolars area opposite to the residual tooth unilaterally in the mandible. As a result, the asymmetry of the abutment was resolved, and the maintenance and stability of the denture was achieved.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.49-79
• /
• 2021

Due to defendant's wrongful act by implant surgery, plaintiff has been suffered serious damages to his face and teeth, and pain caused by establishing implanted teeth. Jeonju Appellate Court sentenced to pay future medical expenses and alimony to the plaintiff in compensation for breach of duty or torts. The ruling is designed to relieve the burden of proof because it is extremely difficult for non-experts to determine whether dentists violated their 'duty of care' or whether there was a causal relationship between damages to medial treatment. It was judged that if symptoms that contributed to the patient's significant outcome occurred during or after surgery, such symptoms could be presumed to have been caused by medical negligence if indirect facts were proven to be other than medical negligence. Originally, the shifting of burden of proof in Germany, has already been developed in medical malpractice case since 1940s. In order to guarantee the patients' right, §630h German Civil Code (BGB) - presumption of negligence in the realization of controllable risk- has been also legislated. BGH (Bundesgerichtshof) has been interested in ensuring that the principle of equality between patients and doctors. So, in this study, we wanted to refer to German precedent cases to analyzing Korean medical malpractice lawsuit. In particular, the decision could be significant in that it approaches closer to allows the shifting burden of proof in drastically growing dental malpractice cases. This is clearly confirmed in the judgment of the dentist's "fault" that "if indirect facts about the symptom or occurrence are proven to be cause other than medical negligence, such symptoms can be presumed to be due to medical negligence."

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.125-129
• /
• 2022

The purpose of study is to evaluate in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Moringa Folium and Eucommiae Cortex 2:1 (g/g) mixtures (MEMix). HaCaT and human normal dermal fibroblast were treated with 0.01-1 mg/mL of MEMix to monitor cytotoxicity. Radical scavenging activities of MEMix were examined by DPPH assay. To explore anti-inflammatory effect, Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with MEMix for 1h and subsequently exposed to LPS for 18h. NO release and cytotoxicity of Raw 264.7 cells were measured by adding Griess and MTT reagents, respectively. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and PGE2 productions were examined by ELISA. Immunoblot analysis was conducted to examine COX-2 expression in MEMix pretreated Raw 264.7 cells. Up to 1 mg/mL concentration, treatment of MEMix for 24 h did not affect normal dermal fibroblast viability and significantly reduced cell viability of HaCaT cells with no concentration dependency. MEMix increased DPPH radical scavenging activity with concentration dependency. Radical scavenging activities by 1 mg/mL of MEMix was comparable with 30 µM of trolox. Pretreatment of MEMix did not change the reduction of Raw 264.7 cell viability. Exposure of LPS in Raw 264.7 cells significantly increased NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and PGE2 productions, and MEMix pretreatment attenuated these productions by LPS concentration dependently. However, pretreatment with MEMix did not change COX-2 expression by LPS in Raw 264.7 cells. MEMix showed in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. MEMix would be useful candidate agent against inflammation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.368-378
• /
• 2020

Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency may cause bone loss and increased inflammation, which are well-known symptoms of periodontal disease. This study investigated whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with periodontal disease status and tooth loss. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 5,405 individuals aged ≥50 years (2,253 males and 3,152 females) were obtained from the 2008-2010 Dong-gu study, a prospective cohort study of risk factors for chronic diseases. Periodontal examinations were conducted to evaluate the number of remaining teeth, the periodontal probing depth (PPD), the clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. The percentages of sites with PPD ≥4 mm and CAL ≥4 mm were recorded for each participant. The severity of periodontitis was classified using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology case definitions. Serum 25(OH)D levels were classified as reflecting severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency, or sufficiency. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to assess the associations of serum 25(OH)D levels with periodontal parameters and the number of remaining teeth after adjusting for confounders including age, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, month of blood collection, and physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and severe periodontitis. An overall statistical analysis and a stratified analysis by sex were performed. Results: Overall, the rates of severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency were 6.5%, 67.9%, 22.4%, and 3.2%, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, vitamin D levels were directly associated with the number of remaining teeth, an association that was significant in males, but not in females. Sufficient serum 25(OH)D was associated with a low frequency of severe periodontitis. Conclusions: This population-based cross-sectional study indicates that low serum 25(OH) D is significantly associated with tooth loss and severe periodontitis in Koreans aged 50 years and older.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.188-196
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate pediatric emergency department visits patterns and characteristics of children and adolescents under the age of 20 in South Korea from 2002 to 2015 due to dental conditions. This study used a stratified sample of approximately 1 million people from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Database. The age, region, household income, and treatment cost were included for the patient characteristic analysis. Pediatric patients were compared to the adult group (over 20 years old). In children and adolescents, the rate of emergency department visits due to dental conditions was higher for traumatic conditions than for non-traumatic conditions. Children and adolescents with higher household income visited the emergency department more often than those with lower household income. The region with the highest number of children and adolescents visiting the emergency department for dental conditions was Busan (per 100,000 population). Although this study could not confirm the annual trend of children and adolescents' dental emergency visits due to the sample size limitation, the characteristics of children and adolescents' dental emergency visits were compared with those of adults using a stratified sample.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.422-434
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the healing patterns of 2-mm and 4-mm proximal infrabony defects adjacent to dental implants in canine mandibles. Methods: Four male beagles were used. Two groups were created: a 2-mm group (n=4) and a 4-mm group (n=4) depending on the horizontal dimension of proximal infrabony defects adjacent to implants. Bone healing patterns between the 2 groups were evaluated and compared at 8 and 16 weeks using radiographic, histological, histomorphometric, and fluorescent labelling analyses. Results: According to microcomputed tomography, the median bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, and the percentage of radiographic distance from the defect bottom to the most coronal bone-to-implant contact (radio-mcBIC) were 32.9%, 0.6 g/cm³, and 73.7% (8 weeks) and 45.7%, 0.7 g/cm³, and 76.0% (16 weeks) in the 2-mm group and 57.7%, 0.8 g/cm³, and 75.7% (8 weeks) and 50.9%, 0.8 g/cm³, and 74.7% (16 weeks) in the 4-mm group, respectively. According to histomorphometry, the median bone area fraction, mcBIC and the percentage of BIC amounted to 36.7%, 3.4 mm, and 58.4% (8 weeks) and 49.2%, 3.4 mm, and 70.2% (16 weeks) in the 2-mm group and 50.0%, 3.0 mm, and 64.8% (8 weeks) and 55.7%, 3.0 mm, and 69.6% (16 weeks) in the 4-mm group, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups for any variables (P>0.05). Conclusions: The proximal defects that measured 2 mm and 4 mm showed similar healing patterns at 8 and 16 weeks, and the top of bone formation in the defects was substantially limited to a maximum of 1.6 mm below the implant shoulder in both groups.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.398-408
• /
• 2021

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical validity of the modified tunneling technique using minimal soft tissue harvesting and volume-stable collagen matrix in the anterior mandible. Methods: In total, 27 anterior mandibular teeth and palatal donor sites in 17 patients with ≥1 mm of gingival recession (GR) were analyzed before and after root coverage. For the recipient sites, vertical vestibular incisions were made in the interdental area and a subperiosteal tunnel was created with an elevator. After both sides of the marginal gingiva were tied to one another, a prepared connective tissue graft and volume-stable collagen matrix were inserted through the vestibular vertical incision and were fixed with resorbable suture material. The root coverage results of the recipient site were measured at baseline (T₀), 3 weeks (T₃), 12 weeks (T₁₂), and the latest visit (T_l). For palatal donor sites, a free gingival graft from a pre-decided area avoiding the main trunk of the greater palatine artery was harvested using a prefabricated surgical template at a depth of 2 mm after de-epithelization using a rotating bur. In each patient, the clinical and volumetric changes at the donor sites between T₀ and T₃ were measured. Results: During an average follow-up of 14.5 months, teeth with denuded root lengths of 1-3 mm (n=12), 3-6 mm (n=11), and >6 mm (n=2) achieved root coverage of 97.01%±7.65%, 86.70%±5.66%, and 82.53%±1.39%, respectively. Miller classification I (n=12), II (n=10), and III (n=3) teeth showed mean coverage rates of 97.01%±7.65%, 86.91%±5.90%, and 83.19%±1.62%, respectively. At the donor sites, an average defect depth of 1.41 mm (70.5%) recovered in 3 weeks, and the wounds were epithelized completely in all cases. Conclusions: The modified tunneling technique in this study is a promising treatment modality for overcoming GR in the anterior mandible.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.11
• /
• pp.173-179
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to provide basic data for the development of oral health education programs by examining oral health knowledge and oral health behaviors, and by identifying factors affecting oral health knowledge and scaling experience of Chinese domestic students. From March to May, a self-reported questionnaire was administered to 194 in the G area. The data were analyzed frequency analysis and independent t-test, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis by using SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. The overall average of oral health knowledge was 13.83 out of 24, and knowledge of periodontal disease and scaling was the highest at 3.75, and knowledge of oral hygiene products was the lowest at 1.38. Oral health knowledge was significantly higher in those who had scaling experience for the past year, brushed teeth for more than 3 minutes at a time, used oral hygiene products, and had oral health education experience. As a result of multiple regression analysis, oral health education experience was the most important factor on oral health knowledge. As a result of logistic regression analysis, oral health knowledge was the most influential factor on scaling experience. It is necessary to expand education on the importance of oral care and actively introduce oral health management program for Chinese domestic students.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.338-350
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Various studies have investigated 3-dimensional (3D)-printed implants using Ti6Al-4V powder; however, multi-root 3D-printed implants have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore the stability of multirooted 3D-printed implants with lattice and solid structures. The secondary outcomes were comparisons between the 2 types of 3D-printed implants in micro-computed tomographic and histological analyses. Methods: Lattice- and solid-type 3D-printed implants for the left and right mandibular third premolars in beagle dogs were fabricated. Four implants in each group were placed immediately following tooth extraction. Implant stability measurement and periapical X-rays were performed every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. Peri-implant bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by micro-computed tomography. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) were measured in histomorphometric analyses. Results: All 4 lattice-type 3D-printed implants survived. Three solid-type 3D-printed implants were removed before the planned sacrifice date due to implant mobility. A slight, gradual increase in implant stability values from implant surgery to 4 weeks after surgery was observed in the lattice-type 3D-printed implants. The marginal bone change of the surviving solid-type 3D-printed implant was approximately 5 mm, whereas the value was approximately 2 mm in the lattice-type 3D-printed implants. BV/TV and BMD in the lattice type 3D-printed implants were similar to those in the surviving solid-type implant. However, BIC and BAFO were lower in the surviving solid-type 3D-printed implant than in the lattice-type 3D-printed implants. Conclusions: Within the limits of this preclinical study, 3D-printed implants of double-rooted teeth showed high primary stability. However, 3D-printed implants with interlocking structures such as lattices might provide high secondary stability and successful osseointegration.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2022

Adult patients who need implant and prosthodontic treatment often need treatment to improve the existing occlusion through orthodontic treatment for long-term stable treatment results. However, due to non-aesthetic and uncomfortable orthodontic treatment with orthodontic brackets and wires, many adult patients give up treatment even though they know the need for it. Recently, as digital dentistry has affected all areas of dentistry, clear aligner orthodontic systems have begun to be widely used, and their use is increasing in adults and old-aged people due to the esthetic advantage and convenient oral care. SERAFIN clear aligner system developed in Korea has been developed with the aim of implementing a functional occlusion harmony and is used not only for partial orthodontic treatment but also comprehensive orthodontic treatment. This patient presentation is shown the treatment using SERAFIN clear aligner system for the treatment of patient with TMD, severe extrusion of maxillary second molars, and extracted teeth.