• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.636-643
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• 1999

Ectodermal dysplasia is a genetic birth defect in which at least abnormally develop two structures derived from the ectoderm. It is usually inherited in autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive pattern. Oral manifestations are oligodontia, anodontia, dysmorphic teeth(conical shape), decreased occlusal vertical dimension and alveolar bone. Extraoral signs may include decreased or absent sweat glands, sparse and fine hair, saddle nose, hearing loss and decreased production of body fluids including saliva. Most affected children require extensive dental treatment to restore their appearance and help the development of a positive self image. The patient's overclosed profile was due to a decreased vertical dimension. The use of overdenture is to preserve erupted teeth, to accomodate the newly constructed occlusal plane, to improve retention and stability of denture and to maintain the remaining alveolar bone. The restoration of vertical dimension improved the child's speech, swallowing, and eating. Growth continue until the age of approximately 18. As child grows, replacement dentures will have to be fabricated primarily to accomodate increasing vertical dimension and changing dentition. Implants may be indicated later if the alveolar bone is adequate. Periodic recall visits are advised, to monitor the dentures during periods of growth and development, and eruption of the permanent teeth.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.121-134
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• 2004

This article describes a clinical protocol for the conventional rehabilitation of patient diagnosed with partial anodontia. A combined dental therapy approach was used and included endodontic therapy and root capping on the maxillary central incisors, fabrication of a maxillary overdenture, and fabrication of mandibular konus overdenture supported by 3 konus abutments. Within this protocol, tooth-supported overdenture prostheses are used for 2 purposes: first, to obtain the most rigid retention and function at an established maxillary-mandibular relationship; and second, to continuously maintain function and esthetic appearance applying immediate dentures after teeth extraction. The idea behind this protocol and its associated clinical procedures is presented along with a discussion compared with implant therapy. In the case introduced, and after 7 years of observation, the therapy can be seen as a success. We increased the occlusal vertical height in this case, but it would be more appropriate to see this as recovering the occlusal vertical height that was lost. The process of increasing the occlusal vertical height, that is restoration of the face, modification of the extrinsic occlusion of the incisors, and retraction of the mandible is very difficult and important. Ultimately, class III malocclusion is fixed, adequate occlusal vertical height is gained, and the retracted posterior anodontial portion is restored by prosthodontic dentures based on the rigid support theory. The result of the therapy done on the later-achieved malocclusion with partial anodontia on the posterior portion must consider the following in order to maintain the safety of the esthetics of the tooth and face for a period of time: 1) occlusal restoration with an ideal occlusal vertical height, 2) allowance of the final occlusion induced by the functional relationship of the upper and lower jaw, 3)final occlusion functionally induced by the lip competence limit.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.431-441
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• 2021

Full-mouth rehabilitation with increasing vertical dimension can be used for patients with severely worn teeth. In severely worn teeth also, the alveolar process can be elongated to compensate for the reduced vertical dimension, and the patient's vertical dimension of occlusion can be kept constant. However, full-mouth rehabilitation with increasing vertical dimension must be carefully chosen, because the vertical dimension can be reduced by tooth wear. It is important to establish a treatment plan with the systematic diagnosis of the change in the vertical dimension and gain space for the prosthesis. It is necessary to change the vertical dimension to secure the restoration space and select the minimum vertical dimension elevation for the esthetic and functional goal. In this case report, the patient complained of difficulty during chewing due to a worn dentition and wanted esthetic improvement of the short mandibular anterior teeth. After systematic evaluation and diagnosis, we performed full-mouth rehabilitation with minimum vertical dimension elevation to obtain the space for restoration. This resulted in a stable and harmonious occlusion, and the functional and esthetic problems of the patient were solved after treatment. The patient was satisfied with the results of the treatment and maintained stable occlusion during the follow-up period.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.238-245
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• 2014

In order to create denture occlusion that is functional, comfortable and balanced, it is necessary to both determine a vertical dimension of occlusion that is in harmony with the patient's musculature and to record a relatively repeatable jaw relation position. This require clinical skill to establish an accurate, verifiable and reproducible vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and centric relation (CR). Correct vertical relation depends upon a consideration of several factors, including muscle tone, inter-dental arch space and parallelism of the ridges. Centric relation is considered to be a repeatable position from which all opening and lateral mandibular movements begin and recording this position is a critical step in the fabrication of dentures. Any errors made while taking maxillo-mandibular jaw relation records will result in denture that are uncomfortable. The purpose of this paper is to review a very simple and efficient technique for accomplishing these two important steps in denture fabrication.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 2012

Excessive tooth wear causes loss of tooth structure, disharmony of occlusal plane, functional and esthetic problems. Although the decrease of occlusal vertical dimension may be compensated by growth of alveolar bone, if the length of tooth is not enough for the retention of restoration, minimum increase of occlusal vertical dimension is required without discomfort of the patient. In this case, 33-year-old woman drinks more than 1 liter of soft drinks a day and has bruxism in night time, visited in Seoul National University Dental Hospital with chief complaint of generalized tooth wear and related esthetic and functional problems. It was considered as a loss of occlusal vertical dimension based on the accelerated tooth wear caused by erosion and bruxism and facial appearance, phonetic, esthetic, functional evaluations. It was planned to raise occlusal vertical dimension by provisional restoration two times for patient's adaptation, 3 mm and 2 mm each, total 5 mm. Confirming no discomfort and clinical symptom during total 16 weeks after restoration with provisional fixed restoration, it was restored with porcelain fused to gold crown and bridge. Because the patient was young woman, anterior teeth were restored with collarless porcelain fused to gold crown. This case presents that satisfactory esthetic and functional result by full mouth rehabilitation with increase of occlusal vertical dimension.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2018

It is reported that the causes of unaesthetic proportion of anterior teeth vary widely. Especially, when the unaesthetic tooth proportion of the mandibular incisors arises due to the wear of the anterior teeth accompanied by the compensation of the alveolar bone, it may cause serious functional and aesthetic problems. In such case, it should be considered that the evaluation of vertical dimension and tooth proportion as well as smile line, soft tissue and hard tissue morphology. And, increase of vertical dimension or clinical crown lengthening followed by prosthodontic restorations is needed to improve the interdental mesial/distal, width/length ratio considering the anterior guidance. This case report demonstrates functional and aesthetic improvements through systematic diagnosis and treatment procedures in a 48-year-old male patient with unaesthetic anterior teeth proportion because of tooth wear accompanied by the compensation of alveolar bone and defect of several central incisors due to chronic periodontitis.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.6 s.71
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• pp.937-946
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• 1998

The patient with an anterior open bite has one of the most difficult orthodontic problem to correct. Previous studies have yielded different conclusions as to exactly where the morphologic problems associated with vertical dysplasia-high angle cases are located. In order to identify the cephalometric features of high angle cases and highlight the measurements that characterize high angle cases, 109 pretreatment cephalograms, 35 high angle, 37 average angle, and 37 low angle cases, were analyzed and compared statistically. As the mandibular plane was steeper, the anterior facial height, especially lower anterior facial height, became greater, and the posterior facial height became smaller. All the dentoalveolar vertical dimensions, especially in upper, increased. And all the skeletal angular measurements increased. Especially Lower genial angle had most positive correlation to mandibular Plane angle. Upper incisor was lingually inclined, and lower incisor was labially inclined in high angle cases.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.306-313
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• 2016

Tooth wear is known as a normal physiological process which gradually progresses. It is reported that vertical dimension can be kept stable because amount of physiologically worn loss could be compensated by growth of alveolar bone and tooth eruption. However, excessive tooth wear as pathologic wear can cause pathologic pulp, disharmony with occlusal plane, functional disorders and esthetic problems so that full mouth rehabilitation could be needed in these cases. Recovery of function and esthetic improvement should be considered for alteration of the vertical dimension. Determination of the vertical dimension of occlusion is needed to be in harmony with the neuromuscular system. This clinical report describes 36 year-old female patient who had chief complaint of severely worn dentition and esthetic discomfort. An increase of 2.0 mm at maxillary incisal edge was done to restore vertical dimension. It was based on the degree of tooth wear and esthetics.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.238-247
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• 2021

Congenital tooth agenesis is the most common developmental dental anomaly, of which oligodontia is defined as the absence of six or more permanent teeth, except the third molars. Tooth agenesis causes malocclusion, alveolar atrophy, aesthetic and psychosocial problems. This clinical report describes a multidisciplinary treatment for a patient diagnosed as oligodontia, who exhibited absence of 14 permanent teeth, atrophy of maxillary alveolar bone, and mandibular protrusion. Restoration space was secured and tooth axis was improved by the extraction of deciduous teeth and orthodontic treatment. However, edge-to-edge bite of posterior teeth and arch dimension discrepancy due to atrophic maxilla was remained. To restore the aesthetics and functionality, implant retained prosthesis was planned. Considering minimal bone grafts, location and number of dental implants and prostheses design were determined. Through the gradual adjustment of provisional restoration, the appropriate centric and eccentric occlusion was reflected into a definitive prosthesis. Currently, stable functional results were attained, however, regular follow up and maintenance care over lifetimes should be performed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.2 s.79
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• pp.175-183
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the compensatory adaptation of dentoalveolar structure according to the various skeletal relation through the statistical correlation between the anteroposterior, vertical skeletal and dentoalveolar relation. For this study, the sample were consisted of 101 adult subjects (51male and 50 female, mean age; male 23.6 years, female 21.5 years) who had good occlusion with the range of normal overjet and overbite and acceptable Angle's class I molar relationship which had not been related orthodontically The results were as follows : 1. Even though acceptable normal occlusion, the range of measurements which represent anteroposterior, vertical skeletal relation and dentoalveolar relation were very wide. 2. Upper and lower incisor axis were significantly correlated with anteroposterior skeletal relation, which means the mote lingual inclination of upper anterior teeth and the more labial inclination of lower anterior teeth according to the more anterior position of mandible to the maxilla (P<0.01). 3. Upper and 1ower anterior alveolar bone height was statistically correlated with the lower anterior vertical skeletal height. 4. Upper and 1ower alveolar bone height were not correlated with anteroposterior skeletal relation (P>0.05). 5. The correlation between the incisor axis and vertical skeletal was more closely related in upper anterior teeth than the lower anterior teeth. To summarize the above results, even though acceptable normal occlusion, skeletal and dentoalveolar relation was very widely ranged, and there were close relationship between the anteroposterior skeletal relation and the inclination of upper and lower anterior teeth and between the vertical skeletal relation and upper and lower anterior alveolar bone height. These finding can be concluded as compensatory adaptation to the different skeletal relationship.