• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.229-233
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to propose the standards for dimension system for unit space of the classroom in elementary school. The curriculum of elementary school has changed. It has been reflected the architectural plan of classroom of the nationwide elementary school. However the Ministry of Education repealed the statue about the facilities of the schools on September in 1997 and the new education curriculum -the 7th curriculum- demands various activities in the classroom. So we need to another size of unit space of the classroom in elementary school because the size of unit space will affect the quality of education. This study represents that the size of unit plan is based on the size of human body, education curriculum, established day, the number limit of classroom and teaching tools. In this study, regression analysis is used to find out a part of the body-size of Korean.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.332-336
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• 2010

댐 운영 제약조건의 해소, 댐 기능회복, 댐직하류 하천에 대한 치수적 안정성 확보, 댐 운영의 효율성 제고 등을 위하여 댐 홍수조절과 댐직하류 하천의 연계 등 치수측면을 고려한 댐직하류 하천정비사업의 조기시행이 요구되었으며, 아울러 일부 댐의 건천방지를 위한 하천유지용량 확보, 하천수질개선, 하천생태계조성, 하천공간조성 등 이수 및 환경 생태 측면에서도 댐직하류 하천정비사업의 필요성이 제기되어 32개 댐 하류하천을 대상으로 하천정비사업이 추진 중에 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대청댐, 임하댐, 용담댐 3개 댐을 시범사례로 선정하여 댐직하류 하천정비사업에 따른 경제적 편익의 개념을 정립하고 직접 추정하고자 한다. 편익 항목으로 생활용수 공급편익, 공업용수 공급편익, 농업용수 공급편익, 유지용수 공급편익, 발전편익, 홍수조절 편익 등을 고려하였는데, 대청댐은 연간 37.5억원, 임하댐은 연간 60.1억원, 용담액은 연간 42.5억원의 경제적 편익이 발생하여 3개 댐을 합하면 댐직하류 하천정비사업의 경제적 편익이 연간 140.1억원에 달하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이 편익을 다시 국가 대 한국수자원공사로 배분하였더니 약 38% 대 62%로 계산되어, 현행 부담 비율인 40% 대 60%는 비교적 적절하다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2019

일반적으로 하천에 설치하는 각종 이수 및 치수 시설물들은 각각의 고유기능을 충분히 발휘하도록 계획하고 설치하고 있으나, 이러한 하천 시설물 중에는 하천의 자연 환경에 부정적인 영향을 일으킬 수 있는 환경과 조화롭지 못한 시설물이 있기도 하다. 하도 만곡부에 설치하는 전통적인 수제, 즉 하안부에서 수로 중심방향으로 돌출하는 형식의 횡수제, 역시 외곽부 하안의 침식을 방지하기 위해 설치하는 시설물이지만 하천의 자연환경 측면에서는 바람직하지 못 한 현상을 일으키기도 한다. 본 연구에서 소개하는 잠형의 방틀공 수제는 하안부에 돌출하여 설치하는 기존 수제와 달리 만곡부 외측 하안에 근접하여 유수 방향으로 하상에 고정시키고 홍수 시에는 잠길 수 있는 높이로 방틀공을 설치하여 하천수의 흐름을 제어하는 시설물이다. 이와 같은 시설물은 만곡부에서 발생하는 2차류 흐름을 방지하고 유수의 수충력을 흡수 혹은 반사시킴으로써 하안부를 세굴로부터 보호할 뿐만 아니라 심각한 하상 세굴과 퇴적을 완화하는 하도의 안정 기능도 발휘하게 된다. 치수의 기능 외에도 하천 환경 측면에서는 수제의 안쪽에 형성되는 못 (pool)에 다양한 생물이 서식하는 서식기능을 담당하기도 한다. 본 고에서는 현재까지 국내에 설치한 사례가 없는 잠형 방틀형 수제의 효과를 검증하기 위해 강원도 양양 남대천에 구축하는 Test bed를 소개하고자 한다. 산지하천의 만곡부 하안부를 세굴로부터 보호하기 위해 설치하는 잠형 수제에 대한 Test bed 구축 배경과 설치 과정 등을 소개하여 이와 관련한 하천 기술자들에게 새로운 패러다임의 수제 설계가 이루어질 수 있는 계기를 제공하고자 한다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.111-118
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• 2019

Post-endodontic restorations are both important and challenging for clinical success in endodontically treated posterior teeth. Several options have been proposed to restore endodontically treated molars. In pediatric dentistry, restoration using conventional single crowns, especially for partially erupted molars with insufficient retentive tooth structure, has proven to be difficult. However, the endocrown presents a conservative and esthetic restorative alternative to conventional crowns with post-and-core, as it acquires additional retention within the pulp chamber. The tooth preparation consists of a circular, equigingival, butt-joint margin and a central retention cavity in the pulp chamber that helps to construct both the crown and core as a single unit. This case report describes the esthetic and conservative endocrown restorations of erupting permanent first molars with extensive coronal destruction.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2023

In this study, the difference in human body dimensions between the age groups of Generation M (27 to 39 years old) and Generation Z (20 to 26 years old) was analyzed. This study also analyzed if there was a change in the body shape of the MZ generation, who have different sensibilities from the "young people" of the past. In addition, major changes in human body dimensions were carefully analyzed and presented as basic data for clothing design. Therefore, a t-test was performed to verify the significant differences in the measurements of each age group. To examine the change in human body measurements according to the measurement year, the 7th and 8th size Korea data statistics were analyzed. The main required dimensions of clothing design were analyzed graphically for visual changes according to measurement year and age group. As a result of the analysis, Generation Z was found to have a difference in body shape from Generation M, and is generally smaller and slimmer with broader shoulders. In addition, the body shape change between the 7th and 8th measurement periods was significantly higher than the 8th measurement overall. Height has increased and back length has become shorter, resulting in a larger ratio of lower body length. In addition, the proportion of obesity abnormalities has increased. Therefore, since the dimensional system set from the past data can cause problems for the fitting of clothing for the MZ generation, it is necessary to design the clothing and reset the dimensional system making it suitable for the changed the body shape of the MZ generation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.364-380
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• 2024

This study aimed to identify changes in upper body measurements and body shape types among women over a 10-year period based on data from the 6th and 8th Size Korea Anthropometric Surveys. The study used regression analysis to explore the relationship between various dimensions, enabling the prediction of different upper body dimensions based on height and waist circumference. The sample consisted of 1,179 women in their 20s who participated in the 6th (2010) and 8th (2020) Size Korea Anthropometric Surveys, with 33 items analyzed. Initially, most items, except those related to height, exhibited larger values in the 8th Survey than in the 6th, suggesting a general increase in the upper body dimensions of females in their 20s over the 10-year period. Subsequent factor analysis revealed three factors crucial for determining the upper body shape of women in this age group. The body shapes were then categorized into four distinct clusters. Regression analysis indicated that both waist circumference and height significantly influence most of the measured items, with waist circumference having a more substantial impact in most models. Through this research, we aim to provide foundational data that reflects the evolving upper body shapes of women in their 20s to enhance clothing production and improve the sizing system.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.312-318
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of the supernumerary teeth for the stem cell source in dentistry. The Real Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real Time qRT-PCR) method was used to evaluate the differentiation toward the odontoblast of the supernumerary dental pulp stem cells (sDPSCs). Supernumerary dental pulp stem cells were obtained from 3 children (2 males and 1 female, age 7 to 9) diagnosed that the eruption of permanent teeth was disturbed by supernumerary teeth. The common genes for odontoblasts are alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), osteonectin (ON), dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP-1), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). The sDPSCs were treated for 0 days, 8 days and 14 days with additives and then Real Time qRT-PCR was performed in intervals of 0 days, 8 days and 14 days. The alizarin-red solution staining was performed to visualize the stained color for the degree of calcification at 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days after treating additives to the sDPSCs. From the result of the Real Time qRT-PCR, the manifestation exhibit maximum value at 8 days after additive treatment and shifted to a decrease trend at 14 days. Alizarin-red solution staining exhibit light results at 7 days after staining and generalized dark result at 14 days. Consequently, in studies with sDPSCs, appropriate treatment time of additives for Real Time qRT-PCR is 8 days. Also, a suitable period of Alizarin-red solution staining is 14 days.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.335-342
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• 2007

C-shaped canals are known to present a complex canal anatomy with numerous fins connecting individual canals, thus requiring supplementary effort to accomplish a successful root canal treatment. This study examined the frequency of the C-shaped mandibular second molars and interrelation between the clinical records and radiographs to recognize them treated in the Department of Conservative Dentistry of the Chosun University Dental Hospital during a six-year period (1998-2004). This study reviewed the clinical records of 227 patients who underwent root canal treatment of the mandibular second molars. After opening the chamber, those cases with C-shaped orifices in the pulpal floor were selected, ana the C-shaped root canal types were classified according to Melton's criteria. Three experienced dentists evaluated the radiographs of the C-shaped mandibular second molar on a viewer using a magnifying glass in order to determine if the root apex was fused or separated, the distal root canal was either centered or mesial shifted in the distal root, and if there was bilateral symmetry in a panorama. In conclusion, there is a high frequency of C-shaped mandibular second molars in Koreans. Simultaneous interpretation of the root shape and distal root canal using the preoperative, working length and post-treatment radiographs is important for diagnosing a C-shaped mandibular second molar.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.79-88
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• 2022

In order to develop a bodice prototype suitable for obese women in their 20s, this study compared and analyzed a total of five pattern system methods, including prototype of France and Japan, one prototype for education in Korea and two prototype for industries in Korea. Through this, this study attempted to investigate the bodice pattern system suitable for the development of plus-size women's clothing. For the pattern drafting, pattern 1 was applied with the most body dimensions such as interscye fold front, interscye fold back, bust circumference, neck circumference, and waist back length, and pattern 2, pattern 4, and pattern 5 were made based on bust circumference and waist back length. As a result of the appearance evaluation, Pattern 3 was evaluated as the best pattern in all items except for the suitability of the center front length and the suitability of the side waist circumference position. However, it was evaluated as inappropriate in items such as the vertical side line, the suitability of the side waist circumference line position, the suitability of interscye fold back position and shape, and the suitability of the back shoulder dart position. Most of the pattern drafting methods are based on the size of the bust circumference, but other institutional methods are considered necessary when setting the neck circumference and shoulder length for 20s obesity women. In addition, it is also required to develop a method for setting the front center length due to abdominal protrusion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1249-1253
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• 2007

제방은 제내지에 거주하는 인간의 재산과 삶을 방어하고, 홍수를 제어하는 가장 기본적인 수공구조물이다. 제방파괴 원인은 월류, 활동, 침식, 그리고 침투 등으로 분류되어 질 수 있다. 특히 간극수압에 의해 발생하는 침투는 제방 내부침식(internal erosion) 및 파이핑(piping) 등을 야기함으로서 제방파괴를 유도한다. 침투에 의한 제방파괴는 월류나 침식에 의한 제방파괴 유형보다 상대적으로 적으나, 다른 제방파괴 원인을 더욱 활성화 시키는 인자로 작용한다. 도시하천의 경우 높은 치수안전도를 적용하여 제방을 축조함에 따라 월류에 의한 붕괴보다 강우와 하천수의 복합요인에 의한 침투파괴가 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 침투와 활동에 대한 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 침투보강기법인 단면확대기법에 대한 적용성 및 유의사항을 수치모의를 통해 검토하였다. 제방 비탈면 경사를 1:2 확대할 경우, 침투유속이 70 %정도 감소되는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 단면확대기법은 홍수시 통수능과 제내지의 부지 확보 문제 등을 고려하여 적용하여야 하며, 도시하천에서 단면확대기법을 적용하는 데는 일정부분 한계를 가질 것으로 판단된다.