• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2013

In General, popliteal cyst found in children does not present a symptom and also it rarely causes a complication. The researcher observed an entrapment of tibial nerve and popliteal artery in a child with popliteal cyst without intra-articular lesion, and treated it by using early decompression and prolotherapy, which is presented in this study with literature review.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2011

Endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma is an indispensable procedure, not only to discuss the preoperative staging of the lesion, but also to evaluate the therapeutic effect of chemo-radiation therapy. The recent increase in the incidence of superficial esophageal cancer and promising developments in potentially curative endoscopic therapies have placed EUS to a central position in decision making. Recent data have called into question the staging accuracy of EUS to distinguish mucosal from submucosal lesions, particularly in patients with early disease. In those cases, diagnostic endoscopic resection may be useful for staging and curative in superficial lesions. Nonetheless, EUS has been regarded as the most accurate staging tool and should be performed to identify potential candidates for endoscopic resection.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2000

Purpose: MCDK is regarded as a common cause of abdominal masses in children. And the presentation of the MCDK is usually a unilateral flank mass in the a newborn. Bialteral disease results in either fetal demise or necessity fer renal replacement therapy at birth. This study is designed to assess the clinical features and natural history of the unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney. Patients and Methods: From January 1987 to January 2000 data were obtained retrospectively on 57 patients (28 boys and 29 girls, age ranged 1day-11years) who had a diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney. The diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney was confirmed by a combination of ultrasonography and radionuclide scan. Voiding cystourethrogram study in 31 patients were done to determine the condition of the contalateral kidney. Restllts: $84\%$ of the patients were diagnosed before birth by antenatal ultrasonography Clinical manifestations of children with postnatal diagnoses were palpable abdominal mass($3.5\%$), abdominal distension($17\%$), and incidental($10.5\%$). The abnormalities in contralateral kidney were hydronephrosis($21\%$), compensatory hypertrophy($12\%$), simple cyst($2\%$), bifid pelvis($2\%$). Surgical management was performed in 20 patients($35\%$) due to recurrent infection, for diagnostic purpose to differentiate from malignancy and abdominal distention. Follow-up in the remaining 37 patients continued (mean 18 months) and results of sonogram findings were involution change in 23 patients($40\%$) and no interval changes in 13 patient($23\%$). Conclusions : The apparent tendency to regression of the dysplastic kidney and no difference in the number of complications justify a conservative management rather than operative intervention except in associated severe complications such as urinary tract infection or rupture of cysts.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.249-254
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• 1998

In Korea, Clonorchis sinensis infection is still highly prevalent because case detection in the field is difficult and the detected cases used to be incompletely cured due to treatment failure. The present study tried to control clonorchiasis in an endemic village by repeated treatments with praziquantel every 6 months and to evaluate sonography as a diagnostic measure. By stool examinations, the egg positive rate in the endemic village was 22.7％, but it decreased to 19.6％ at 6 months. 15.1％ at 12 months, 12.2％ at 18 months, 6.3％ at 24 months, 11.4％ at 30 months, and 6.3％ at 42 months after the beginning of repeated praziquantel administration. The sonography showed 61 (49.6％) positive cases of 123 screened residents; among egg-positives the sonography positive rate was 52.2％ and among egg-negatives it was still 49％. The rate among cured cases was 64.3％ after 6 months, 50.0％ after 12 months, 50.0％ after 18 months, and 66.7％ after 24 months. In a non-endemic village, 64 residents were found egg-negative by fecal examination, but 20 (31.3％) of them were positive by sonography. The present findings indicate that control of clonorchiasis in an endemic village by repeated praziquantel treatment for 42 months is still insufficient and sonography is of little value for diagnosis of clonorchiasis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.621-628
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• 1997

Background : As the pleural inflammation progresses, exudative pleural fluid becomes loculated rapidly with pleural thickening. Complete drainage is important to prevent pleural fibrosis, entrapment and depression of lung function. Intrapleural urokinase instillation therapy has been advocated as a method to facilitate drainage of gelatinous pleural fluid and to allow enzymatic debriment of pleural surface. This study was designed to investigate the predictors of effectiveness of intrapleural urokinase in the treatment of loculated pleural effusion. Method : Thirty-five patients received a single radiographically guided pig-tail catheter ranging in size from 10 to 12 French. Twenty-two patients had tuberculous pleural effusions, and 13 had non-tuberculous postpneumonic empyemas. A total of 240,000 units of urokinase was dissolved in 240 ml of normal saline and the aliquots of 80mL was instilled into the pleural cavity via pig-tail catheter per every 8hr. Effectiveness of intrapleural urokinase instillation therapy was assessed by biochemical markers, ultrasonography, and technical details. A greater than 50% improvement on follow-up chest radiographs was defined as success group. Result : Twenty-seven of 35 (77.1%) patients had successful outcome to urokinase instillation therapy. Duration of symptoms before admission was shorter in success group ($11.8{\pm}6.9day$) than in failure group ($26.62{\pm}16.5day$) (P<0.05). Amount of drained fluid during urokinase therapy was larger in success group ($917.1{\pm}392.7ml$) than in failure group ($613.8{\pm}259.7ml$) (P<0.05). Pleural fluid glucose was higher in success group ($89.7{\pm}35.9mg/dl$) than in failure group ($41.2{\pm}47.1mg/dl$) (P<0.05). Pleural fluid LDH was lower in success group ($878.4{\pm}654.3IU/L$) than in failure group ($2711.1{\pm}973.1IU/L$) (P<0.05). Honeycomb septated pattern on chest ultrasonography was observed in six of eight failure group, but none of success group (P<0.05). Conclusion : Longer duration of symptoms before admission, smaller amount of drained fluid during urokinase therapy, lower glucose value, higher LDH value in pleural fluid examination, and honeycomb septation pattern on chest ultrasonograph were predictors for failure group of intrapleural urokinase instillation therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2012

Although calcific tendinitis around hip joint is a rare condition, patients with symptomatic calcific tendinitis serve very severe pain and are disturbed their daily activities. We report four calcific tendinitis patients who had acute pain around the hip with limitation of motion of the joint and were treated with ultrasonography-guided multiple needling with dramatic pain relief.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2015

A subperiosteal ganglion is a very rare benign soft tissue tumor characterized by mucoid degeneration and cyst formation within the periosteum, which may results in cortical erosion. When evaluating a periosteal mass in out-patient clinic, ultrasonography can be used to define the location and cystic nature of the subperiosteal ganglion. A 48 years old woman had two month history of the protruding mass over the anteromedial aspect of right proximal tibia. Ultrasonography was used for the diagnosis of the subperiosteal ganglion in out-patient clinic and mass was excised uneventfully. We report the case of a subperiosteal ganglion of the proximal tibia with literature review.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2015

Glomus tumors are rare benign neoplasm commonly found in the subcutaneous layer on nail bed that arises from a neuromyoarterial glomus. Histologically, they are classified into three group; solid glomus tumor, glomangioma, and glomangiomyoma which is the most uncommon. Unlike other type, glomangiomyomas have rarely been described in the nail bed. Although glomus tumors are often diagnosed primarily by their characteristic clinical symptoms, imaging modalities, such as ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful. We present a rare case of a recurrent subungal glomangiomyoma that diagnosed by ultrasonography and treated with surgical excision.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2010

The artifacts in sonography is not always harmful. Sometimes it is beneficial for the evaluation of the water contents of the soft tissue and estimating the degree of inflammation and character of the regenerated tissue indirectly using artifacts such as acoustic shadowing and the enhanced transmission. It can also be useful to evaluate the possibility of aspiration of the calcifies masses by knowing of the contents of the water among them. Unlike the MRI it is useful to get real time informations with low cost in diagnosis and treatment of the soft tissue disease usinf artifacts in sonography.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.94-111
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• 2008

Traditionally the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the knee is based on the findings of the x-rays and the MRI. The x-rays provide good information of the changes of the internal structure of the bone. However, there is a limitation in providing information of the soft tissue and the cartilage. The MRI is one of the most expensive diagnostic modalities and it can not give us a dynamic and real time information. The sonography has a role in diagnosis and treatment of the soft tissue disease and surface of the bone. It gives us a real time dynamic information and it is really cheap. In this article the sonographic findings of the normal and pathologic conditions of the knee joint are introduced in relation to the findings of the x-rays and the MRI.