• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of MnO₂-diatom microbubbler (DM) on the surface of prosthetic materials as a mouthwash by comparing the biofilm removal effect with those previously used as a mouthwash in dental clinic. Materials and methods: DM was fabricated by doping manganese dioxide nanosheets to the diatom cylinder surface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of DM and to analyze the composition of doped MnO₂. Stereomicroscope was used to observe the reaction of DM in 3% hydrogen peroxide. Non-precious metal alloys, zirconia and resin specimens were prepared to evaluate the effect of biofilm removal on the surface of prosthetic materials. And then Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms were formed on the specimens. When 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and DM were treated on the biofilms, the decontamination effect was compared with chlorhexidine gluconate and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution by crystal violet staining. Results: Manganese dioxide was found on the surface of the diatom cylinder, and it was found to produce bubble of oxygen gas when added to 3% hydrogen peroxide. For all materials used in the experiments, biofilms of the DM-treated groups got effectively removed compared to the groups used with chlorhexidine gluconate or 3% hydrogen peroxide alone. Conclusion: MnO₂-diatom microbubbler can remove bacterial membranes on the surface of prosthetic materials more effectively than conventional mouthwashes.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

Risperidone is a widely prescribed atypical antipsychotic agent. Approved by the FDA as the first drug to treat irritability associated with autism in children, it is also used to treat tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome. Its adverse reactions related to dentistry include dry mouth, the mechanism of which is yet to be identified. The aim of this study is to identify, at the cellular level, how and to what extent risperidone affects intracellular free calcium concentration ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$), an primary intracellular factor in the regulation of fluid secretion in salivary gland cells. The human salivary gland cell line (HSG) was grown in MEM supplemented with 10% BCS. In order to measure $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, Fura-2/AM was loaded in the HSG, and fluorescence at 340 nm/380 nm excitation was measured in the 500 nm emission ratio. After every experiment, a calibration experiment was conducted in order to readjust the ratio to the actual $[Ca^{2+}]_i$. Changes in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ were measured in the presence of carbachol, ATP and histamine. The researcher then explored how the pretreatment of risperidone affected such changes. Findings of this study include: 1. In HSG, $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increased due to the addition of carbachol, ATP and histamine. The presence of risperidone inhibited the action of histamine on this process, while making little effect on that of carbachol and ATP. 2. A quantification of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in relation to histamine of different concentrations indicates that the effect of histamine was concentration dependent with an $EC_{50}$ of $3.3{\pm}0.5\;{\mu}M$. 3. The inhibitory effect of risperidone on histamine-induced $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ was concentration-dependent with an $IC_{50}$ of $104.4{\pm}14\;nM$. 4. Risperidone inhibits histamine-induced Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum and influx of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ in HSG cells(p<0.05).

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2013

The four principles of treatment of odontogenic infection are as follows : (1) removal of the cause, (2) establishment of drainage, (3) institution of antibiotic therapy, and (4) provision of supportive care, including proper rest and nutrition. A separate incision is required to establish drainage, especially in the case of extensive fascial space infections. There are four principle causes for active bleeding in the immediate incision & drainage phase; (1) vascular wall alteration (infection, scurvy, chemicals), (2) disorder of platelet function, (3) thrombocytopenic purpuras, (4) disorders of coagulation (liver disease, anticoagulation drug). If the hemorrhage from incision & drainage site is aggressive, the site must be packed with proper wet gauze and wound closure & drainage dressing are applied. The specific causes of bleeding may be associated with hypoxia, changes in the pH of blood & chemical changes affecting vascular contractility and blood clotting. This is a case report of bleeding control by the circumferential suture & drainage on active bleeding incision & drainage site of temporal space abscess due to advanced odontogenic infection in a multiple medically compromised disabled patient.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.340-348
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• 2015

Peri-implantitis is the most common reason for a late failure and can occur even after years of successful osseointegration. The role of microbial plaque accumulation in the development of peri-implantitis has been well documented. On the other hand, the ideal method of implant surface decontamination to re-establish the health of peri-implant tissue remains to be determined. Removal of bacterial deposits is essential in the treatment of peri-implant infections, and various therapeutic approaches have been described in the literature, including mechanical debridement, disinfection with chemotherapeutic agents, and laser therapy. Recently, there has been a plenitude of scientific data regarding the use of laser irradiation to achieve titanium surface decontamination. Thus, research is focusing on lasers' potential use in the treatment of peri-implantitis. The aim of this literature review is to analyze and evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy for the treatment of peri-implantitis.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.404-413
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• 2016

This study, based on the assumption that self-rated health status affects the use of health care utilization, aims to comprehend self-rated health status, as well as the differences in medical facility use depending on self-rated health status, and analyze according to chronic diseases to use it as the basis of a practical guide development for chronic disease patients' use of medical facilities. Used representative Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing data to analyze 7,486 participants. There is a difference in Chronic disease patients' use of health care utilization depending on self-rated health, and this difference was the most apparent in Oriental healthcare service and dental treatment use. This study was unable to control all confounding variables affecting medical service use, so we want this studied to be used to assist future studies.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2011

Tetanus is fatal neurological disease caused by Clostridium tetani on contaminated wound that is characterised by muscle spasm, muscle pain, and autonomic dysfuction. C. tetani exist on contaminated wound frequently that developed clinical tetanus under low oxygen condition. Tetanus have four symptomatic form: generalized, localized, cephalic, and neonatal. The incubation period is about 7 days and mortality is high. The commonest presenting symptom is trismus and other is stiffness of neck and back(opisthotonos), muscle spasm, dysphagia, facial pain, risus sardonicus. Trismus is primary presenting symptom in 50~75% of the cases and this have high possibility of initial visit to dental office. This case report of a patient who visit in our department with trismus as chief complaint.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.271-278
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• 1987

The purpose of the present study was to investigate associations between periapical and bitewing techniques by assessing the crestal alveolar bone. This article also reports the ability of these two techniques to correctly detect evidence of interproximal dental caries, and comparison between the interproximal overlapping of teeth. Bitewing and periapical radiographs were used from posterior quardants of 243 dental students in Seoul National University. The distance from cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar crest (CEJ-AC) was measured for each proximal surface from the distal of cuspid to the distal of second molar. Data were arranged according to the proximal surface examined, and bitewing and periapical measurements were compared using paired tests. The obtained results were as follows: 1. In maxilla, a significant t ratio with a P value of 0.05 or less reached for 100% and in mandible, reached for 94%. 2. The anatomic limitations imposed on periapical radiographic technique, most often result in somewhat foreshortened radiographic images. This situation would tend to be accentuated by the anatomical restrictions of the hard palate. 3. Consequently, since the significant differences frequently exist between measurements obtained from bitewing and periapical techniques, it is important to define which technique is used. 4. The number of the interproximal overlapping was the largest medial side of the maxillary second molar, while the smallest at the distal side of the mandibular second premolar. And the overall number of the interproximal overlapping was more (538) in the periapical technique than in the bitewing technique (372). 5. The interproximal dental carious lesions were detected more (74) on the bitewing films than on the periapical ones (23). The fact was resulted from the small number of interproximal overlapping and relative easi- ness of obtaining horizontal angulation in taking the bitewing radiographs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.200-211
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• 1999

The periapical response to injury is a complex interaction of inflammatory, immune, neural, vascular and synthetic activity. TGF-${\beta}$ is a potent modulator of proliferation and differentiation in various tissue, seems to lead to an increase in extracellular matrix. MMP are a family of proteolytic enzyme that mediate the degradation of extracellular matric macromolecules, but little is known about theirs possible role in periapical tissue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differential expression of TGF-${\beta}$ and MMP-1 in tooth follicle, periapical abscess, granuloma and cyst. The expression of TGF-${\beta}$ and MMP-1 in Periapical tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis. Correlationship among the periapical lesions were stastically analyzed. The degree of MMP-1 expression in periapical abscess was higher than in any other periapical lesion, and stastically significant. TGF-${\beta}$ expression is the prominent in granuloma than other periapical lesion, which was stastically significant. The increased expression of MMP and TGF-${\beta}$ was not co-related with inflammatory cell infiltration degree of the periapical cyst. The expression degree of MMP and TGF-${\beta}$ was not co-related with periapical abscess and cyst, but expression of MMP and TGF-${\beta}$ showed strong positive co-relationship with periapical granuloma, which was stastically significant. TGF-${\beta}$ expression by Western blot analysis was prominent in granuloma and cyst, and similar to the results by imunohistochemistry. MMP-1 expression is less than TGF-${\beta}$, but there is not extreme difference between periapical lesion. These results suggest that TGF-${\beta}$ and MMP may be involved in tissue remodeling and has an important role in progress or mediation of periapical lesions.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.212-221
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• 1999

The periapical response to injury is a complex interaction of inflammatory, immune, neural, vascular and synthetic activity. Nitric oxide(NO), synthesized by nitric oxide synthetase(NOS) from L-arginine, is becoming recognized as an important bio-regulatory molecule in a variety of tissue, but little is known about its possible role in periapical tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthetase(NOS) in tooth follicle, periapical abscess, granuloma and cyst. The expression of NOS in periapical lesions was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for $NOS_2$, and $NOS_3$. The immunoreactivity was evaluated by staining intensity, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Correlationship between the periapical lesion in immunoreractivity were statistically analyzed by SPSS. The degree of $NOS_2$ and $NOS_3$ expression in periapical abscess was higher than in any other periapical lesions, and stastically significant. The expression degree of $NOS_2$ and $NOS_3$ was not correlated with periapical abscess and granuloma, but expression of $NOS_2$ showed very significant in periapical cyst. The increased expression of $NOS_2$ and $NOS_3$ was correlated with inflammatory cell infiltration degree of the periapical cyst. These results suggested that NO should play an important role in progress and/or mediation of periapical lesions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.458-463
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• 2006

The osteoradionecrosis of the mandible can be a serious complication of radiotherapy for malignancies of the head and neck. The cause and pathogenesis of osteoradionecrosis are unclear and anecdotal. There are various treatment-, patient- and tumor-related risk factors on development of osteoradionecrosis. The treatment of osteoradionecrosis relies on conservative measures (antibiotics, debridement, irrigation and HBO) and surgical measures (sequestrectomy, marginal resection and segmental resection with or without reconstruction). But the indications are not defined. We present the two cases of patients who were not controlled by conservative treatment but good-resulted by surgical treatment.