• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.5-14
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• 1987

세라믹스는 내열성, 고온강도, 내creep성, 내식성, 내마모성이 우수하며 경량이라는 점등, 금속재료 나 유기고분자재료와 비교화여 구조재료로서 이용하기 위한 많은 우수한 성질을 구비하고 있다. 따라서 세라믹스를 고효율 열기관, 정밀기계 가공부품, 생체재료(Bio-ceramics) 등의 신분야 즉, 금속재료나 유기고 분자재료로는 기대할 수 없는 가혹한 사용조건하에서 구조재료로의 이용이 기 대되고 있으며 엔진부품, 치골재료, seal재 등 일부에서는 실용화 되고 있기도 한다. 그러나 세 라맥스재료는, 강도는 실온에서도 금속재료에 필적하는 것이 얻어지고 있으나 인성(toughness)이 낮고 깨지기 쉬우며 안정성 및 신뢰성이 결핍되어 있어 사용상 큰 문제점으로 되어있다. 따라서 세계선진각국에서는 세라믹재료의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해 세라믹스의 고강도, 고인성화에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 필자는 세라미엔진부품에 이용되고 있거나 가까운 장래에 이용이 가능한 각종 부품들에 대해 소개하고 세라믹엔진의 실용화를 위한 최근의 연구동향을 정리하여 소개하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.88-96
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to report the effectiveness of Korean medical treatment in case of pubic fracture with pelvic pain. Methods : Pubic fracture patient with pelvic pain was treated by Gamigunggwui-tang and acupuncture. This study was evaluated by VAS (visual analogue scale) and radiography. Results : After treatment, VAS of pain decreased and radiography image showed that fracture is healing. Conclusions : We could prove Korean medical treatment is effective for recovery of pubic fracture and pelvic pain.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2005

Osteolgical development of Korean striped bitterling, Acheilognathus yamatsutae (Cyprinidae), were investigated using cartilage and bone staining. The parasphenoid, dentary, pterygoid, ceratohyal, branchial arch and parts of the caudal skeleton were formed first as cartilaginous elements at $6.82{\pm}0.08mm$ total length (TL). Formation of frontal, parietal, and maxillary were notable at $7.76{\pm}0.09mm$ TL, and the proximal radial, scapula,and coracoid in the pectoral girdle were developed at this stage. At the same time, the neural and hemal spine were present in the caudal vertebra. The opercle and branchiostegals were observed at $9.68{\pm}0,14mm$, and the posttemporal was formed at $12.9{\pm}40.64mm$ TL, respectively. Ossification in the parasphenoid, pharyngeal bone, dentary, premaxillary, maxillary, and opercle began at about $9.68{\pm}0.14mm$ TL. The cleithrum, supracleithrum, urostyle, and caudal fin were calcified at this stage. The vertebral column was formed and ossified at $11.52{\pm}0.13mm$ TL, and the frontal, preopercle, subopercle, and hyomandibular were ossified at $15.30{\pm}0.68mm$ TL. This fish was late in developing the skeletal formation and ossification as compared with other fishes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 2013

A 9-month-old female Korean short hair cat weighing 2.2 kg presented for evaluation of a two-week history of obstipation. The owner reported that the cat sustained pelvic fractures 4 months previous to the onset of fecal tenesmus. On physical examination, fecal tenesmus was observed and restriction of the movement of the right coxofemoral joint was evident. Rectal palpation revealed narrowing of the pelvic canal with a hard bony protuberance at the bilateral acetabulum and pubic bones. Radiographs revealed a distended colon with feces and narrowing of the pelvic canal with abnormal structure of the pelvic bone. Conservative management consisting of stool softeners and a warm water enema was instituted; however, there was no improvement in obstipation. Partial iliac, ischial, pubic, and acetabular ostectomies were performed. Postoperative radiographs and rectal palpation revealed the enlarged pelvic canal. Stool softeners (5 ml orally twice daily) was administered following surgery for 14 days and then tapered down to 2.5 ml for 14 days. A warm water enema was performed twice postoperatively. At examination 14 days postoperatively, no problems with defecation and gait were reported. There was no evidence of obstipation and lameness of the left pelvic limb 5 months postoperatively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.125-132
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• 2007

In order to provide consumers with safety informations of vehicles according to the Korean New Car Assessment Program(KNCAP), the evaluation results and the star ratings of 21 vehicles for the side impact tests have been reported since 2003. Now, the KNCAP considers changing the side impact dummy from EuroSID-1 to EuroSID-2 near future. The rib deflection of EuroSID-2 is 20-30% higher than that of EuroSID-1 because of the removal of "Flat Tops" effect. In this study, the effect of changing the side impact dummy from EuroSID-1 to EuroSID-2 in the KNCAP side impact evaluation is estimated through the previous KNCAP evaluation results. The results show that the decrease of the star ratings would be one star($\bigstar$) approximately.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.376-379
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• 1999

We report our experience with a case of urethrolysis using a transvaginal suprameatal approach without lateral perforation of the urethropelvic ligament. A 43-year-old woman suffered from voiding difficulties such as hesitancy, frequency, urgency, decreased urinary flow, residual urine sensation after Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation concurrent with hysterectomy. The results of multidisciplinary work-ups of urethral obstruction such as history, vaginal examination, voiding cystourethrography, urodynamic study, showed that she had urethral obstruction due to a previous operation. Since clean intermittent catheterization and alpha-blocker therapy did not improve her symptoms, suprameatal transvaginal urethrolysis was performed to resolve the symptoms. Postoperative follow-up for 5 months showed that the patient remained free from voiding difficulty in their life. We believe that suprameatal transvaginal urethrolysis is worth attempting for urethral obstruction associated with anti-incontinence surgery.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.263-272
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• 2008

Purpose: Separation of symphysis pubis during delivery is a rare condition. The separation might cause pubic pain, radiating pain of both leg, inguinal pain, and gait disturbance. The purpose of this case was to report the clinical effectiveness of Traditional Korean Treatment on decreasing those symptoms. Methods: The patient in this case was 34-year-old female, The chief complains were pubic pain(right side was severe), radiating pain of right inguinal pain, gait disturbance and low back pain. She was treated by Traditional Korean medicine, acupuncture, and Placenta Herbal Acupuncture. The progress of symptoms were evaluated by visual analogue scale. Results: After those Traditional Korean therapy, most symptoms were improved. But width of symphysis pubis remained unchanged. Conclusion: This case shows that Traditional Korean therapy might be effective in decreasing symptoms on separation of symphysis pubis during delivery.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.377-383
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this case is to investigate the effect of Korean Medicine on a patient who was suspected osteitis pubis. Methods : The patient was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping therapy and physical therapy. We evaluated the results of the treatment by Hughes Scale and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). Results : After treatment, the patient's symptoms were improved. Conclusions : These results show us that Korean medicine has effect on a patient who was suspected osteitis pubis.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.101-142
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• 1998

1. Objects The base of classification of Sasang Constitution was the different congenital formation of organs such as lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, and it was expanded from the viscera region of lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys to the body shape of trunk. The researched about body shape of Sasang Constitution have had points of issues which derived by measurement with hands. But this study was measured the characteristics of body shape putting in importance of anatomical position with the computerized 3-Dimension scanner, which minimized the errors of measurement, and it was abled the cubic measurement such as volume, area of cross section as well as round length. 2. Materials & Method The examinee was healthy male 40 persons and female 20 persons from 20's to 40's, who was diagnosed by the specialist of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. The body shape was measured round length, area of cross section, and volume of 31 anatomical points and the 25 hypothesis with the Rapid 3D Color Scanner Model 3030 RGB/PS. And the characteristics of each constitution's body shape was derived. 3. Results & Concousion In female, Taeumin had the largest trunk and Soeumin had the smallest trunk compared to other constitution, but Soyangin had only the smallest neck. Soeumin has the smallest round length of nipple and the $CV_{12}$, and Soyangin has the smallest breadth of ASIS. Soyangin had the smallest volume from thyroid bone to the highest points of armpits and from sternum to nipple. Taeumin had the largest volume from sternum to the $CV_{12}$ and from sternum to xiphoid process. In male, Taeumin had the largest trunk and Soeumin had the smallest trunk from the level of thyroid bone to ASIS. Soyangin has the longest distance and Soeumin has the shortest distance from nipple to the lowest of breast. Taeumin had the largest volume of trunk and Soeumin had the smallest volume of trunk. In the ration of four-Cho, Taeumin had the longest distance from the highest points of armpits to nipple and Soyangin had the shortest distance of that. Soyangin had the smallest ratio of the height of upper middle cho. Soeumin had the smallest ratio from the $CV_{12}$ to navel among trunk. In the correlation among the four Cho, Taeumin had the negative correlation between the Upper-Cho and the Lower-Middle-Cho significantly.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.269-280
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• 1997

The development and change of the cartilage canals ralated to chondrocyte growth and the major histological pattern were investigated in the calcaneus of the Korean native cattle fetuses from CRL 28mm to 175mm. The results as follows; 1. The cartilage canal first appeared in the caudal subperichondral region of the sustentaculum tali of the CRL 28mm fetus, and well developed after the period. 2. The three major cartilage canals, one entered from the head of calcaneous into where achilles tendon insert and the others from the caudal region of sustentaculum tali and the calcaneal sulcus, growth distinctively. The latters participated in the ossification center prior to the former. 3. The number of cells in this canals and the size increased synchronously with chondrocytic hypertrophy. In the intermediate and deep canals, the chondrogenic change showed distinctinvely. Our results demonstrated that the cartilage canals from the lower part were important the formation of the ossification center, and the growth and development of canals associated with the hypertropic changes of chondrocytes in the calcaneus of the Korean native cattle fetus.