• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.258-263
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of number of the lower scaffold limbs on tree growth, light penetration, fruit yield, and fruit quality in slender spindle in 6-year-old 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees. With regard to the growth by the numbers of the lower scaffold limbs, the width of the tree was wide and the growth of new shoots was increased when the number of the lower scaffold limbs was five. Compare with other treatments, five lower scaffold limbs showed high light-interception on the upper (150 cm above the ground) and middle (100 cm above the ground) canopy. There was no difference in the total number of the flower buds of the spurs according to the number of scaffold limbs, but the number and cross section area of flower bud on the lower canopy (120 cm above the ground) were increased where the number of the lower scaffold limbs was five. Fruit yield was highest in the treated with five lower scaffold limbs and fruit weight tended to increase where the number of the lower scaffold limbs was five or eight. With regard to fruit quality, there showed no difference in fruit shape index, firmness, acid content, Hunter L and b value according to the location of canopy and the number of the lower scaffold limbs, but the content of soluble solids was highest treated with five lower scaffold limbs. Hunter a value indicating fruit color was found to be highest treated with five lower scaffold limbs whose light interception was highest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.346-350
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 국가기준점체계의 세계측지계 전환에 따른 인천 연안지역의 환경지리정보 변환 방안을 연구하는데 있다. 이를 위해 세계측지계 변환 방안과 관련된 각종 자료를 수집 분석하여 환경지리정보의 세계측지계 변환을 위한 방안을 연구하였다. 환경지리정보들을 다양한 구축방법에 따라 다양한 형태로 제공되고 있어 일괄적은 변환에는 어려움이 있을 것으로 판단된다. 환경지리정보들을 변환하기 위해서는 우선 국토지리정보원의 수치지도의 세계측지계 변환 지침을 기준으로 원시자료부터 변환을 수행하여 환경지리정보를 다시 구축하는 방안과 기존에 구축된 환경지리정보를 변환하는 방안이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 새로운 측지좌표계 도입에 따른 환경지리정보의 세계측지계 변환 방안을 제시하고, 환경지리정보에 대하여 국가기준계의 세계측지계 전환에 능동적으로 대응하고 세계측지계 도입에 따라 예상되는 초기 혼란을 최소화 하고 향후 구축될 환경지리정보들의 정확도 향상의 기반을 조성 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.52-55
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• 2005

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of continuous lateral shoot pinching and gradual adjustment of drip irrigation lines in improving plant health as well as fruit yield and quality in white-spined cucumber grown in the greenhouse. Grafted white-spined cucumber seedlings were established at a density of 18,000 plants per ha in a greenhouse. Main stems were pinched at 21st node. Each of the lateral shoots was pinched at the 3rd node and 2-3 fruits per lateral shoot were harvested. Drip irrigation lines were gradually adjusted to provide water to the area of maximum root concentration. Plants grown with these combined treatments produced $55\%$ more lateral shoots and 38% more marketable yield, as compared to the control.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1991

The total station which is able to measure angles and distances simultaneously, and G.P.S., 3-dimensional satellite surveying system will be employed as important equipments for establishing and re-adjusting large geodetic networks. The objective of this study is to suggest possibilities of application of combination adjustment by means of studying characteristics of networks adjusted according to detection gross errors included in angles and distances by least square method. It is expected that the results of this study were used for determination of national geodetic networks but also large or small construction site.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2019

가는잎향유[Elsholtzia angustifolia (Loes.) Kitag.]는 꽃이 원줄기와 가지 끝에 조밀하고 아름답게 달리며, 전초에 함유된 정유성분의 향이 우수하여 관상 및 약용으로 이용되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 관상소재로 이용가능한 가는잎향유의 분화 재배기술을 확립하기 위해 2018년 7월 2일에 유묘(4월 3일~5월 31일 육묘)를 포트에 정식하여 10월 15일까지 수행하였다. 대조구는 플라스틱 화분 10호에 원예상토를 충진한 다음 200구 트레이에 셀당 4립 파종하여 생산된 유묘를 정식하여 이용하였다. 기비처리는 싱싱코트를 0, 10 및 20알로 처리하였고, 추비처리는 정식 후 4주 간격으로 hyponex (4-6-6)를 0, 1000 및 $2000mg{\cdot}L-1$로 3회 엽면시비 하였다. 차광정도 실험은 0, 55 및 75%로 광량을 달리하여 수행하였다. 왜화제는 diniconazole과 daminozide를 각 0, 1000 및 $2000mg{\cdot}L-1$로 정식 후 4주차에 처리하였다. 연구의 결과, 기비와 추비 처리는 무처리와 비교하여 생육에 큰 차이가 없었으나, 절간장은 처리량이 증가할수록 억제되었으며, 처리시 무처리에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 측지수 및 엽수는 기비 처리에 따른 큰 차이가 없었으며, 추비는 측지수와 엽수가 많아지는 경향이었다. 한편, 기비와 추비 처리는 개화율을 비교적 감소시키는 결과를 보였다. 차광정도가 증가할수록 초장, 절간장, 경직경, 화서수, 화서장이 감소하는 경향이 나타났으며, 무차광과 차광처리 간 측지수와 엽수는 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 왜화제 처리는 무처리와 비교하여 절간장을 감소시켰다. Daminozide 처리시 측지수와 엽수는 무처리에 비해 증가하였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었고, 지상부의 생체중은 엽수와 측지수에 비례하여 무거워지는 결과를 보였다. 또한, $2000mg{\cdot}L-1$ 농도 처리시 개화율이 100%에 도달하였다. Diniconazole 처리는 무처리와 비교하여 큰 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 가는잎향유를 분화재배를 하기 위해서는 기비와 추비는 처리하지 않고, 무차광 조건에서 재배하는 것이 좋다. 또한, 왜화제는 daminozide $2000mg{\cdot}L-1$로 처리하는 것이 측지수, 엽수 및 개화율이 우수한 결과를 보여 분화 재배에 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2008

Geodetic Reference System was deferred from 2007 to 2010. Although National Geographic Information Institute in Korea takes charge of it, the progress is slow without clear policy alternatives. In this regards, this study aims at suggesting practical measures for introducing World Geodetic Reference System. Successful foreign countries have well established institutional system for improving their geodetic reference systems. In Korea, National Geographic Information Institute, Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, and some municipalities have propelled introduction of the World Geodetic Reference System. However, none of them have systemical approaches. Although National Geographic Information Institute has conducted several researches regarding World Geodetic Reference System, comprehensive policy measures by central governments are not yet made. It suggests methods of data conversion, organizational structures, financial resources, and other supportive measures. Introduction of World Geodetic Reference System is nationwide project. However, there is not nationwide project promotion and management system yet. This research suggests overall policy frameworks to effectively propel World Geodetic Reference System.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.537-543
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• 2015

In Korea, the use of world geodetic system(WGS) has been mandated in year 2010. Accordingly, the national geographic information institute(NGIS) provides the digital maps according to the WGS. Nevertheless, most of the digital geological maps are still based on the Tokyo Datum(TD). Therefore, users should conduct 2D/3D geological spatial analysis after converting the coordinates of digital geological maps to WGS. The conversion process is often tedious and troublesome for certain users. Therefore, in this study, the method to transform coordinate from TD to WGS using ArcToolbox is introduced for users not familiar with the process. For a better appreciation, the Chungju and Hwanggang-ri digital sheets of 1:50,000 scale was chosen as an example. Here, Chungju and Hwanggang-ri sheets were defined based on the TD-central origin and TD-east origin, respectively. The two sheets were merged after the transformation of TD-east origin of Hwanggang-ri to the TD-central origin, and eventually transformed to WGS-central origin. The merged map was found to match exactly with the digital map(Daeso 367041). The problem of coordinate determination in previous digital geological maps was solved effectively. The proposed method is believed to be helpful to 2D/3D geological spatial analysis of various geological thematic maps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2007

With the use of world geodetic system, the UIS DB of WonJu City, which was established on Korea coordinate system becomes to face the need of coordinates transformation. However, the UIS DB of Wonju City is based on dualistic control points of Korea geodetic system, which means the coordinates system is not standardized. Therefore it is required to establish a plan for transformation into world geodetic system. For this purpose, we calculated coordinate transformation coefficients per control point data of Korea geodetic system and verified the accuracy of transformation coefficients. Through the process, we propose a plan for transforming the coordinate system of UIS DB in WonJu City, which has been based on dualistic control point data of Korea geodetic system, efficiently into the world geodetic system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2010

Patterning with a geodesic line is essential for economical or efficient usage of membrane materialsin fabric tension membrane structural engineering and analysis. The numerical algorithm to determine the geodesic line for membrane structures is generally classified into two. The first algorithm finds a non-linear shape using a fictitious geodesic element with an initial pre-stress, and the other algorithm is the geodesic line cutting or searching algorithm for arbitrarily curved 3D surface shapes. These two algorithms are still being used only for the three-node plane stress membrane element, and not for the four-node element. The lack of a numerical algorithm for geodesic lines with four-node membrane elements is the main reason for the infrequent use of the four-node membrane element in membrane structural engineering and design. In this paper, a modified numerical algorithm is proposed for the generation of a geodesic line that can be applied to three- or four-node elements at the same time. The explicit non-linear static Dynamic Relaxation Method (DRM) was applied to the non-linear geodesic shape-finding analysis by introducing the fictitiously tensioned 'strings' along the desired seams with the three- or four-node membrane element. The proposed algorithm was used for the numerical example for the non-linear geodesic shape-finding and patterning analysis to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency, and thus, the potential, of the algorithm. The proposed geodesic shape-finding algorithm may improve the applicability of the four-node membrane element for membrane structural engineering and design analysis simultaneously in terms of the shape-finding analysis, the stress analysis, and the patterning analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.350-351
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• 2008

현재 우리나라의 측량체계는 크게 측지분야와 지적분야로 이원화되어 있으며 측지분야에서는 2001년도에 측량법을 개정하여 ITRF2000좌표계와 GRS80 타원체를 측량기준으로 사용하는 세계측지계를 도입하였다. 하지만 지적 분야에서는 국민의 재산권과 직접적으로 관련이 있는 필지의 경계와 면적의 변화 연구는 미미한 상태이다. 따라서 본 연구는 2010년 세계측지계 도입 후 지적분야에서 발생할 수 있는 필지별 면적 변동에 따른 사회적 혼란 여부를 판단하기 위하여 서울특별시 종로구 숭인등 숭인4구역주택재개발지구를 연구 대상지로 선정하여 세계측지계 전환에 지적 필지별 면적 변화를 분석하였다. 분석결과 연구대상지는 세계측지계와 지역측지계가 종선(X)축으로 305.87m. 종선(Y)축으로 70.87m 편차로 두 좌표계 간 북동방향으로 313.97m의 차이가 있고, 현행성과와 비교한 결과 종선(X) 방향으로는 평균 +4.0cm, 횡선(Y) 방향으로는 평균 -3.0cm의 차이가 나타났으며, 필지별 면적의 변동량은 $1.0m^2{\sim}3.0m^2$ 차이가 있지만 허용오차 범위 내에 있으므로 세계측지계 전환에는 문제점이 없는 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 본 연구의 결과는 그 대상범위가 한정되어 있고 기 검증된 지적기준점 성과를 사용한 결과이므로, 향후 보다 효율적인 세계측지계 전환과 도입을 위해서는 현 지적기준점체계의 정확한 세계좌표계 변환 성과를 기준으로 한 대단위의 필지별 면적 변동량 및 허용범위 분석과 같은 추가적인 연구가 조속히 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.