• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.39-50
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• 2007

Barrier VII program is normally used for the design of flexible barrier, but if modelled properly it can be used for the analysis of vehicle impact to small sign posts. In this paper sign post is shown to be modelled as flexible barrier by combining beam and column elements at each beam node. Simulations with the Barrier VII program have been made for 7 impact cases composed of sign posts of circular and H section with rigidly connected support and breakaway support system. The impact speed used for the simulation ranged from 30km/h to 110km/h. The study shows that in the vehicle impacts to a circular sign post with high speed, the large deflection and high inertia force causes the sign plate to hit the windshield leading to a hazard to the occupants. It is also shown that impact to H section post results in small deflection of the post and abrupt velocity change and high deceleration of the impact vehicle causing severe damage to both the vehicle and occupants. Simulation study also shows that breakaway support system eliminates the potential danger of the vehicle impact to the rigidly connected small sign posts by reducing deflection of the post, abrupt change in velocity and deceleration level.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.918-923
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• 2018

The main function of a fuel tank is to store fuel. On the other hand, the structural soundness of the fuel tank is related directly to the survival of the crew in an emergency situation, such as an aircraft crash, and the relevant performance is demonstrated by a crash impact test. Because crash impact tests have a high risk of failure due to the high impact loads, various efforts have been made to minimize the possibility of trial and error in the actual test at the beginning of the design. Numerical analysis performed before the actual test is a part of such efforts. For the results of numerical analysis to be reflected in the design, however, the reliability of numerical analysis needs to be ensured. In this study, the results of numerical analysis and actual test data were compared to ensure the reliability of numerical analysis for the crash impact test of a rotorcraft fuel tank. For the numerical analysis of a crash impact test, LS-DYNA, crash analysis software, was used and the ALE (arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) technique was applied as the analysis method. To obtain actual test data, strain gages were installed on the metal fittings of the fuel tank and linked to the data acquisition equipment. The strain and stress of the fuel tank fitting were calculated by numerical analysis. The reliability of the numerical analysis was enhanced by assessing the error between the strain measurement of the upper fitting obtained from an actual fuel tank and the strain calculated from numerical analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.341-345
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• 1992

충돌에 의한 원자혼합현상에 대한 해석적모형을 개발하였다. 이 식은 Sigmund와 GrasMarti의 식보다 더 현실적인 이온-원자 충돌변수들을 포함한다. 이 식에 의해서 계산된 경량원소에 대한 혼합효율은 Sigmund 식에 의해서 계산된 것과 동일한 결과를 나타낸다. 반면, 중량원소에 대한 계산은 약간의 차이를 나타낸다. 또 이 결과는 경량원소에 대한 dynamic Monte-Carlo 모의실험결과와 잘 일치하고 있는 반면, 중량원소에 대해서는 약간 의 차이를 나타내는데, 이는 이온 조사시의 sputtering과 기지원자 재배치에 기인한 것으로 추측된다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.373-384
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• 2013

This paper is the second paper among two papers which constitute the paper about the rigid body dynamic analysis on the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister under accidental drop and impact to the ground. This paper performed the numerical study on the rigid body dynamic analysis. Through this study the impulsive force which is occurring in the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister under accidental drop and impact to the ground and required for the structural safety design of the canister is computed numerically. The main content of this numerical study is about the technical method how to compute the impulsive forces occurring in the canister under accidental drop and impact to the ground by using the commercial rigid body dynamic analysis computer codes. On the basis of this study the impulsive force which is occurring in the canister in the case of collision with the ground is numerically computed. This numerically computed impulsive force is increasing as the canister weight is increasing, and the canister falls plumb down and collides with the ground in three types according to the analysis results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1998.05b
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• pp.318-323
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• 1998

사용 후 핵연료 수송용기의 충돌사고에 대한 안전성은 층격완충체의 층격흡수특성에 지배되며, 충격완충체의 충격홉수특성은 외부의 케이스와 내부 격막판 둥의 철제 구조물과 내부에 삽입된 충격흡수재의 변형특성에 지배를 받는다. 충격흡수재를 감싸주는 철제 케이스와 내부 격막판의 용접 접합부는 일부 부분이 제작공정상 부득이 부분용접의 접합형태를 갖기 때문에 판재나 완전 접된 부분에 비해 강도가 약해 충돌사고시 취약부위가 파단된다. 이러한 케이스 용접부의 파단은 충격완충체의 변형특성을 변화시켜 충격흡수거동이 달라지는 원인이 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 용접 접합부의 강도특성을 수송용기의 자유낙하 충돌해석에 적용할 수 있는 해석모델을 구성하고 부분용접된 접합부의 파단강도가 수송용기의 충돌거동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2008

In this paper, the analysis of impact damage behavior of a reinforced concrete structure that undergoes both a shock impulsive loading and an impact loading due to the air blast induced from an explosion is performed. Firstly, a pair of multiple loadings are selected from the scenario that an imaginary explosion accident is assumed. The RC structures strengthened with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are considered as a scheme for retrofitting RC wall structures subjected to multiple explosive loadings and then the evaluation of the resistant performance against them is presented in comparison with the result of the evaluation of a RC structure without a retrofit. Also, in order to derive the result of the analysis similar to that of real explosion experiments, which require the vast investment and expense for facilities, the constitutive equation and the equation of state (EOS) which can describe the real impact and shock phenomena accurately are included with them. In addition, the numerical simulations of two concrete structures are achieved using AUTODYN-3D, an explicit analysis program, in order to prove the retrofit performance of a GFRP-strengthened RC wall structure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-86
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• 2016

A numerical analysis is performed to investigate the effect of a supply channel and jet hole arrangement on the heat flow characteristics of impingement jet. The jet holes in a supply channel are composed of a single or staggered array from the center of a leading edge channel. The software ICEMCFD is used to generate the structured grids for calculation domain and a CFD code CFX 15.0 to perform the simulation. The present solutions are validated by comparison with the experimental and numerical ones of others. A comparison of mass flow rates of impingement jets and Nusselt numbers on the impingement surface for the single or staggered arrays is made.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.10-10
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 제트 추진 기관의 터빈 익렬에서의 유동과 대기 중에 부유되어 있는 입자 또는 연소 생성물들이 제트엔진 내부로 유입될 경우 이에 따른 압축기 및 터빈 날개의 마모 및 충돌 부위를 예측하기 위하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 일반적으로 각종 항공기의 추진 기관용 가스 터빈 엔진은 대기중에 부유되어 있는 각종 입자들의 영향을 받게 된다. 특히, 확산 지역을 통과하는 항공기나 먼지 입자 부유물이 많은 공업지대 또는 사막지역을 비행하는 항공기의 경우는 모래 알갱이, 먼지 및 연소 입자의 직접적인 영향을 받아 각 요소들에 심각한 부식 및 마모가 발생됨으로써 성능 저하 및 냉각 통로의 막힘, 압축기와 터빈 날개의 손상 등이 예측되어진다. 특히 항공기용 추진 기관은 엔진 입구에 유입 공기를 정화하기 위한 여과장치의 설치가 불가능하며, 자동차용 가스터빈 엔진의 경우는 여과 장치를 부착하여도 미세한 입자들이 여과 장치에 여과되지 않고 엔진 내부로 침투하게 되므로 치명적인 손상이 예상된다. 이러한 손상들은 초기에는 미세하게 발생하지만, 손상 정도가 점점 누적됨에 따라서 항공기의 안전 운전에 심각한 위험 요소로서 작용할 수 있으며, 경제적으로도 기관의 유지 보수비용의 증가를 가져올 수 있다. 따라서 압축기에 화산재 또는 대기중에 부유되어 있는 금속 입자나 먼지입자 등이 유입되었을 경우, 압축기 날개의 손상 부위와 정도를 예측하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Lagangian방법을 적용하여 압축기 날개위의 부유 입자 충돌 부위를 예측하고, 설계 시 이를 보완할 수 있는 기준을 제시하였다. 아울러 설계 입구각과 크게 벗어난 유동의 유입시에 발생되는 박리 현상과 이에 따른 입자의 유동 및 날개의 입자 접착 부위를 예측하였다. 본 연구에서는 여러 크기의 입자(다양한 Stokes 수)들을 주어진 속도에서 유선을 따라 압축기 입구에서 압축기 유로로 여러 위치에서 부유 시켜서 그 입자들의 궤적 및 충돌, 점착 위지를 고찰하고, 정량적인 충돌량을 해석하기 위하여 입자 충돌 계수를 정의하여 압축기 날개 표면의 충돌특성을 알아보았다. 이러한 예측을 통하여 압축기 날개 표면의 충돌 부위를 예측하고, 날개의 표면을 코팅하는 등 보호 개선책을 제시할 수 있고, 연소의 반응물 입자가 터빈 날개에 충돌하여 발생되는 날개 표면의 파손, 냉각 홀의 막임, 연소 입자의 점착 부위 등을 예측하여 보완책을 준비할 수 있도록 하였다.

• Composites Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2021

SMC(Sheet molding compound) composite is mainly used for forming of vehicle's body. Considering the car accident, it is essential to research the impact behavior and characteristics of materials. It is difficult to identify them because the impact process is completed in a short time. Therefore, the impact damage analysis using FE(finite element) model is required for the impact behavior. The impact damage analysis requires the parameters for the damage model of SMC composite. In this paper, ANN(artificial neural network) technique is applied to obtain the parameters for the damage model of SMC composite. The surrogate model by ANN was constructed with the result in LS-DYNA. By comparing the absorption energy in drop weight test with the result of ANN model, the optimized parameters were obtained. The acquired parameters were validated by comparing the results of the experiment, the FE model and the ANN model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.175-183
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• 2022

The collision between a ship and bridge across a waterway may result in extremely serious consequences that may endanger the safety of life and property. Therefore, factors affecting ship bridge collision must be investigated, and the impact force should be discussed based on various collision conditions. In this study, a finite element model of ship bridge collision is established, and the peak impact force of a ship bridge collision based on 50 operating conditions combined with three input parameters, i.e., ship loading condition, ship speed, and ship bridge collision angle, is calculated via numerical simulation. Using neural network models trained with the numerical simulation results, the prediction model of the peak impact force of ship bridge collision involving an extremely short calculation time on the order of milliseconds is established. The neural network models used in this study are the basic backpropagation neural network model and Elman neural network model, which can manage temporal information. The accuracy of the neural network models is verified using 10 test samples based on the operating conditions. Results of a verification test show that the Elman neural network model performs better than the backpropagation neural network model, with a mean relative error of 4.566% and relative errors of less than 5% in 8 among 10 test cases. The trained neural network can yield a reliable ship bridge collision force instantaneously only when the required parameters are specified and a nonlinear finite element solution process is not required. The proposed model can be used to predict whether a catastrophic collision will occur during ship navigation, and thus hence the safety of crew operating the ship.