• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 1996

This study was carried out to clarify the effect of sprout length, burried depth of seed and CaO$_2$ seed coating on emergence, seedling stand and early growth of rice in puddled-soil drill seeding at Junbuk in 1995. The cultivar tested was Dongjinbyeo(Japonica type). Although the longer sprouted seeds were caused the better seedling stand, 4mm sprout length of seeds appeared to be appropriate for good seedling stand and seeding uniformity, while 6mm sprouted seed resulted in ununiform seedling establishment. Rapid emergence and increased seedling stand were obtained by CaO$_2$ seed coating, which had effect more on soaked seed than on sprouted seed, but the seedling stand of sprouted seeds significantly reduced at deeper than 1cm seeding depth and also emergence rate of sprouted seeds significantly reduced at deeper than 2cm seeding depth.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1984

Experiments were carried out to study the germination and emergence of the red rice(sare) as a weed, Mong-geun sare, Sal sare, Ginkarag sare, Galsaegsal sare, Galsaegkarag sare. The germination and emergence of red rice were not greatly affected by soil salinification, soil pH and air temperature. Especially, in deep molding volume, emergence of red rice was greater than rice cultivar. It was considered to be due to the vitality of the mesocotyl. Submergence was expected to be a better way to control the red rice because germination rate of red rice was low under submergence.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 1997

To establish the culture practices for mass propagation of Epimedium koreanum, root propagules were preserved with different methods. Bud emergence rate and number of multiple buds were the highest in root segments obtained from roots with buds which were preserved in open-burial. Plant height, leaf area, and number of new buds were the highest in root segments obtained from roots preserved with stratification.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.224-228
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• 1991

This study was carried to know factors affecting emergence of major upland weeds in soil in order to get basic information on weed control methods. Firthy eight percent of weed seeds were distributed within soil surface to 10cm in soil and 2% of weed seeds were observed in 40~50cm soil layer in field. As planting depth was deeper, emergence of weeds became poor. However Capsella bursa-pastoris can emerge at soil surface. Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus lividus, Porturaca oleracea, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum upto 3cm, Eleusine indica, Echinochloa crus-galli, Setaria viridis, Digitaria sanguinalis upto 7cm. Emergence of weeds was very poor in very acid soil but good in soil pH 5.5~6.0. However emergence of weed was not affected by pH 3.5~4.0 or above. Emergence of E. indica, C. bursa-pastoris, A. retroflexus, A. lividus, C. album, E. crus-galli, Solanum nigrum, and S. viridis was good in loam soil and P. oleranea, D. sanguinalis in sandy loam soil. Emergence of weed seeds was not affected by fertilization.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.204-213
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• 1986

The objective of this paper was to examine the response of rice seedling emergence and early growth under the different temperature (day/night, 29/21$^{\circ}C$, 17/17$^{\circ}C$, 12/12$^{\circ}C$) and the different seeding depth (1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm). The trial was carried out in the phytotron and field in the Crop Experiment Station, Suwon, Korea in 1985. Calcium peroxide-coated seeds were very effctive in promoting seedling emergence, seedling establishment and eary growth of rice. Coated seeds were more effective in low temperature condition (17/17$^{\circ}C$, 12/12$^{\circ}C$) than in high temperature (29/21$^{\circ}C$) at the phytotron trial. The deeper the seeding depth, the less the emergence and seedling establishment, and the available seeding depth was I cm in the direct seeding under the flooded soil. In the field trial (seeding date, May 1) the results for the emergence and seedling establishment were similar to those in the phytotron trial. Available cultivars for the direct seeding cultivation under the flooded soil were Cheonmabyeo, Namyangbyeo, Kihobyeo, Akibare, Nakdongbyeo and Dongjinbyeo in Japonica type, and Taebaegbyeo, Samgangbyeo and Gayabyeo in Indica x Jponica type. Coefficients of variation to the emergence and seedling establishment between rice cultivars were very high. Therefore, in the direct seeding cultivation under the submerged paddy, choice of rice cultivars and improved technique for direct seeding will be more necessary.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.186-191
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• 1990

This experiments was conducted to investigate the dormancy of Eleocharis kuroguwai tuber in the earth and the influence of seeding time and depth on the emergence of Eleocharis kuroguwai. The tuber of Eleocharis kuroguwai on underground was formed the most amount between 10cm and 15cm layer and formed the second a lot of tuber in the soil layer between 5cm and 10cm, the third between the surface of the earth and 5cm, the least between 15cm and 20cm. The total mean emergence of tuber was 78%, and the dormant tuber was approximately 22% of total tuber formed during a year in the earth. The distribution of dormant tuber under the ground was about 42% between 15cm and 20cm, 39% between 10 cm and 15cm, 14% between 5cm and 10cm, and 5% between the surface of the earth and 5cm. The dormancy percent of tuber formed at each soil layer was about 60% between 15cm and 20cm, 21% between 10cm and 15cm, 12% between 5cm and 10cm, and 7% between the surface of the earth and 5cm. The emergence days of the tuber seeded at low layer was short, and the emergence rate was high, The tuber was formed much more on seeding at May 30th than June 30th.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 1993

Seedling emergence and .stand establishment in dry-seeded rice is unstable at present due to deep seeding, low temperature at seeding time, excessive drought or raining etc. This experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of gibberellic acid(GA$_3$) on the seedling emergence and growth in dry-seeded rice. GA$_3$, IBA and Metalaxyl were treated by seed-soaking or-spray. Hwaseongbyeo, a japonica rice, was used. The seed-soaking treatment with GA$_3$ significantly increased the seedling emergence and plant height as compared with untreated seed. However, no difference was observed in IBA and Metalaxyl treatment. The optimum concentration of GA$_3$ to promote the seedling emergence and growth in dry-seeded rice was about 100ppm for seed-soaking and about 200ppm for seed-spray treatment. The seed-spray treatment of GA$_3$ with 200ppm promoted earlier and faster seedling emergence and elongated seedling height as compared with untreated seed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.18-19
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• 1989

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1990.05a
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• pp.30-31
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• 1990

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.84-85
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• 1992