• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 1999

Existing composting system was improved to have a high performance for organic degradation, deodorization and energy reduction. Compared with conventional devices, this developed system uses the heat recovered from platinum catalytic tower by three times heat exchange in which 65% of exhaust gas was recirculated. Evaporation of water was made easy by maintaining negative pressure in entire system. It was possible for reaction to be maintained steadily by microorganism agent. The optimum mixing volume ratio of garbage to sawdust was 15:1 contrary to 20:1 in conventional one. Moreover, aerobic condition was maintained efficiently. Effects obtained by using a inner circulation system were as follows. It was possible to reduce the ammonia causing offensive odor and verified that consumption of electricity cut down to 1/3 with reduction of exhaust gas inflowing. According to this inner circulation, the optimum air flow was $0.44m^3$ to 100kg treatment capacity. The electricity consumption was changed in proportion to inflowing air volume.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.837-847
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• 2020

A velocity profile for flapping flight is optimized to increase the power efficiency of 20g weighted flapping wing micro air vehicle in hover. The experimental optimization of flapping velocity profile is carried out with a real sized flapper, and various velocity profiles are realized by non-circular gear. Kriging with noise is adopted as a meta model of the profile optimization to reflect the data noise by uncertainty. The optimization results confirm that the flapping efficiency (thrust-to-power ratio) is substantially improved (11.3%) through the elastic deformation that carries the angular kinetic energy from previous stroke.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.221-221
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• 2012

최근 진공 산업은 반도체 산업의 급속한 발전과 더불어 진공 산업이 핵심기술로 부각되고 있으며, 진공 산업의 발전이 고부가가치를 창출하는 산업으로 발전하고 있는 추세이다. 이에 (유)우성진공 기술연구소에서는 국내에서 개발이 전무한 소형급 600l/min. 급의 배기속도를 가지는 공랭식 건식진공펌프 개발과 더불어 중소기업 혁신기술 개발사업의 성공적인 수행으로 인해 상용화 단계에 있다. 본 연구에서는 소형(600l/min. 급) 공랭식 건식진공펌프에 개발 과정 및 성능에 대해 소개하고자 한다. 우선, 여타 건식진공펌프와는 달리 냉각방식이 수냉식이 아니라 공랭식 이라는 점에서 에너지 절감 및 설치 공간 제약이 없으며, 유지 비용을 절감할 수 있는 장점을 가지며, 국내에서는 소형급의 건식진공펌프가 없는 관계로 시장성을 높게 평가하고 있다. 소형급 공랭식 건신진공펌프의 냉각효율을 고려하여 하우징을 알루미늄 합금으로 제작을 하였으며, 냉각핀을 적절하게 배치하여 압축열을 효과적으로 방출하기 위한 구조가 될 수 있도록 설계하였고, 냉각팬에 의한 공랭효과를 극대화하기 위해 펌프 스킨을 사용하여 공기 유로를 형성토록 하였다. 또한, 루츠의 형상 및 각 단의 압축효율을 고려한 최적의 로터를 설계하기 위해 Involute Curve를 이용한 3-Lobe형 로터를 설계하였으며, 로터와 로터간의 Clearance를 유지 할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 향후 최적화된 로터 설계기술과 이형재질(알루미늄과 주철)간 열팽창이 고려된 적절한 clearance 유지기술을 적용하여 안정적인 배기속도 600l/min.와 도달진공도 0.005 torr를 가지는 소형 공랭식 건식드라이펌프를 상용화 하고자 한다. 또한 성공적인 과제 종료 및 기술 개발에 따라 건식진공펌프 시장에 신기술 개발 확산에 따른 기업들 간의 기술 경쟁력 촉진을 통한 국가 기술력 향상을 기대해 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5045-5050
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• 2015

As modern houses are constructed with high-density and high-insulation, there is benefit to reduce energy consumption, but there are many side effects raised from polluted air. To solve the problem, a ventilation system is used to improve a indoor air quality. In this study, we tested the parallel flow type heat exchanger used in a heat exchanger of an automotive air conditioner. And we experimentally estimate ventilation performance of HRV(heat recovery ventilator) with heat-pipe according to working fluid filling quantity and ventilation. The working fluid was R22, which was filled from 40 to 60 (%vol.) by 10(%vol.). Ventilation based on the front velocity was measured from 0.3 m/s to 1.5 m/s by 0.3 m/s intervals. Refrigerant filling quantity with the highest efficiency was found to depend on the ventilation. From this study the optimal refrigerant filling quantity in accordance with the ventilation of the detachable heat pipes was found experimentally.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.362-372
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• 2010

Although different disposal routes of waste-activated sludge are possible, anaerobic digestion plays an important role for its abilities to further transform organic matter into methane. The potential of using methane as energy source has long been widely recognised and the present paper extensively reviews the principles of anaerobic digestion, the process parameters and hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is recognised as rate-limiting step in the complex digestion process. To accelerate the digestion and enhance the production of biogas, various pre-treatments can be used to improve the rate-limiting hydrolysis. These treatments include mechanical, thermal, chemical and biological interventions to the feedstock. All pre-treatments result in a lysis or disintegration of sludge cells, thus releasing and solubilizing intracellular material into the water phase and transforming refractory organic material into biodegradable species. The reader will finally be guided to extensive discussion for anaerobic digestion processes.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.485-490
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• 2011

Tetrafluoromethane($CF_4$) has been used as etching and chamber cleaning gases for semiconductor manufacturing processes. These gases need to be removed efficiently because of their strong absorption of infrared radiation and long atmospheric lifetime which causes the global warming effect. We have developed a waterjet gliding arc plasma system in which plasma is combined with waterjet and investigated optimum operating conditions for efficient $CF_4$ destruction through enlarging discharge region and producing large amount of OH radicals. The operating conditions are waterjet flow rate, initial $CF_4$ concentration, total gas flow rate, specific energy input. Through the parametric studies, the highest $CF_4$ destruction of 97% was achieved at 2.2% $CF_4$, 7.2 kJ/L SEI, 9 L/min total gas flow rate and 25.5 mL/min waterjet flow rate.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2019

This study proposes a PCS that enables efficient operation of seawater pumps for ships by implementing ML-based algorithms. Seawater temperature, RPM and power consumption data are acquired from two ships with PCS, analyzed with regression analysis method, and new algorithms are presented. Using the algorithms presented, Ship A saved about 36% compared to the PCS application, and ML-based algorithms in certain sea temperatures of 19 to 27 degrees Celsius and above 32 degrees Celsius were about 1% lower than Ship A's PCS. Ship B saved about 50% compared to PCS not applied, and about 2% more than Ship B's PCS in waters above $19^{\circ}C$, a specified sea temperature. The derived data can be used to suggest the optimum pump speed and sea route. In addition, the trend of acquired data can be used to infer the performance of the pump or the timing of elimination of the MGPS when efficiency becomes poor.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1247-1260
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• 2021

For more efficient energy management of nodes in wireless sensor networks, research has been conducted on mobile sink nodes that deliver data from sensor nodes to server recently. UAV (Unmanned Aerial vehicle) is used as a representative mobile sink node. Also, most studies on UAV propose algorithms for calculating optimal paths and have produced rapid advances in the IoD (Internet of Drones) environment. At the same time, some papers proposed mutual authentication and secure key exchange considering nature of the IoD, which requires efficient creation of multiple nodes and session keys in security perspective. However, most papers that proposed secure communication in mobile sink nodes did not protect end-to-end data privacy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose integrated security model that authentication between mobile sink nodes and sensor nodes to securely relay sensor data to base stations. Also, we show informal security analysis that our scheme is secure from various known attacks. Finally, we compare communication overhead with other key exchange schemes previously proposed.

• Composites Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2023

Composite structures have been designed by stacking the laminae with different stacking angles to meet the required mechanical performance. Although the induced stresses on the composite structures under the external loads usually differ depending on the location, we determined the stacking sequence based on the maximum stress, which leads to low efficiency and generally is not the optimum design. Recently, piecewise integrated composites (PICs) were suggested for solving this inefficiency. PICs assume the perfect bonding between adjacent pieces, but this is ideal and hard to accomplish. Therefore, the overlap at the boundary is essential to prevent separation from each other. In this study, we investigated the effect of the overlap design on the impact failure mode of PIC plates. We fabricated the sample composite plates with different overlap designs using the fast curing carbon prepreg and conducted the impact tests according to ASTM D 7136. We found that PICs had different failure modes according to the overlap design, which lead the changes of absorbed impact energies as well as impact load curves.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.175-179
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• 2023

Herein we present a tested aqueous based redox flow battery (RFB) that employs phosphomolybdic acid and ferrocyanide as the negative and positive active species in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The different concentrations of NaOH solution, such as 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 M, were prepared for checking the electrochemical properties and stability. The NaOH concentration as a supporting electrolyte in the negative species appears to play an important role in the electrochemical properties of phosphomolybdic acid. Moreover, the optimum value of the concentration is necessary for the best performance. The resistance of the electrolyte decreased with increasing the concentration up to 1.5 M and then increased to 1.6 M. Hence, the decrease in electrolyte resistance appears to greatly influence the energy efficiency, which is improved by increasing the concentration of NaOH. In addition, the 1.5 M NaOH solution appears to be the concentration required for optimum performance.