• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2009

This study is based on field data obtained from rock grouting such as RQD value, Unit cement grout volume, Lugeon value(Lu), and Maximum grout pressure in four different dam sites. The relationship were analyzed and compared as follow. The cut-off effect after rock grouting in dam-foundation which are mostly consist of metamorphic rock is better than that of Sedimentary rock. And the impermeable effect after consolidation grouting is more efficiency than the impermeable effect after curtain grouting. The unit cement grout volume are increased as RQD value is higher in rock mass. But there is no relationship between RQD value and Lugeon value. In the sedimentary rock, which is more permeable than metamorphic rock, Lugeon value (Lu) is a linear function (Lu=0.22Vc) of unit cement grout volume (Vc). Cut-off effect of curtain grouting is less influential at each near holes which are already grouted than that of consolidation grouting. And the behavior characteristics of Lugeon value vs. the unit cement grout volume as the order of installations are almost the same.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2008

This study is conducted to investigate the possibility of the utilization of the mixed soil formed by mixing stone sludge, bentonite, and residual soil as a soil sealant sustaining both stability and capacity in the barrier system. A series of tests were performed on the mixed soils to evaluate basic properties such as compaction, compressive strength, permeability and CBR of these materials. The results indicates that as the stone sludge content increases, the optimum moisture content increases a little, but the maximum dry density decreases. The compressive strength and CBR decrease, and the cohesion, internal friction angle and expansion ratio increase. When the bentonite content increases, the maximum dry density decreases, and the optimum moisture content, compressive strength and cohesion, internal friction angle, CBR and expansion ratio increase. Mixing ratio of the mixed soil contained with the stone dust more than 10% and the bentonite less than 10% satisfies the standard of the permeability coefficient as the soil sealant.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2013

On this study, engineering properties of SGR method and SMI method, which are typical sodium silicate methods, were compared through the laboratory test and durability, strength, waterproof characteristic and environmental effects were compared and analyzed with period and condition of curing on each case. As a result of durability test, volume change of SGR is approximately 23-times greater than SMI and the effects on environment are appeared safe on all method. In case of waterproof characteristic test, permeability coefficient is decreased about 24% on SMI, whereas on SGR permeability coefficient is showed to increase because rapid volume change make wider void. Strength characteristics of SMI are appeared higher about 11-times in case of homogel and 3.9-times in case of sandgel than SGR. Which is because volume change of SMI, caused by leaching, is smaller than SGR.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.167-180
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• 2004

In this study finite element analysis using hyperbolic model was performed to predict the characteristics of stress-strain behaviour on concrete face earth dam (CFED : a tentative name) raised with coarse-grained materials corresponding to the face slab bedding zone of concrete face rockfill dam (CFRD). The results of finite element analysis were compared with field monitoring data, and the comparison showed a good agreement. And, the analysis results including locus of maximum displacement, maximum stress, stress concentration, and irregular load transfer would be used to devise rational field monitoring schemes for construction management and quality control during construction of CFED.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.149-161
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• 1999

In this study, to examine the applicability of the lime sludge as a landfill liner, 1) the geoechnical characteristics of sludge, 2) the characteristics of migrations of contaminants, and 3) the characteristic of leaching in the batch leaching test are investigated As a result, the hydraulic conductivity(K) of the lime sludge was found out to have 10 times lower hydraulic conductivity than the maximum allowable hydraulic conductivity of the liner Retardations of heavy metals(Cu, Pb) were found out to be higher than that of organic(phenol) due to the high pH(>11.0) of 4he lime sludge. As a result of the leaching test. the concentrations of Pb and Cu were found to be close to allowable limitation, so that they need to be kept in constant watch.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.858-863
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 금강유역을 대상으로 GIS기법에 의해 1:5,000 NGIS자료로부터 DEM과 하천망을 생성하였고, 이를 이용하여 하천차수별 하천수, 하천연장과 평균하천연장의 하천특성인자와 유역면적, 유역평균폭, 최원유로연장, 하천총수, 총하천연장, 수계밀도, 수계빈도, 형상인자, 평균표고, 평균경사, 최대하천차수, 유역내 최고표고, 기복비 등의 유역특성인자들을 추출함으로써 수자원단위지도 기반의 단위유역별 지형학적 특성을 파악하였다. 또한 대상유역을 금강권역상류, 금강권역중류, 금강권역하류유역으로 구분하여 지형학적 인자를 추출하고 그 특성을 분석하였으며, 선형 및 비선형 회귀곡선을 이용하여 인자들 간의 상관관계를 분석함으로써 각 유역을 특징짓는 주요 인자들을 추출하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10c
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• pp.121-123
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• 2004

시공간 블록부호는 송신단에서 여러 개의 안테나를 사용하여 무선 통신의 신뢰도를 높인다. 그런데 4개의 송신안테나를 사용하는 시공간 블록부호는 다이버시티 차수 4와 전송률 1을 동시에 얻을 수 없다. 직교 시공간 블록부호는 다이버시티 차수 4를 유지하지만 전송률에서 손해를 보는 반면, 준직교 시공간 블록부호는 다이버시티 이득에서 손해를 보면서 전송률 1을 유지한다. 본 논문에서는 준직교 시공간 블록부호의 복호기에서 최대 우도 복호 방법으로 비트별 연성결정값을 출력하고, 터보부호와 연접하여 다양한 전송률에서 직교 및 준직교 시공간 블록부호의 성능을 비교하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.8C
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• pp.569-574
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• 2008

Noise predictive maximum likelihood(NPML) detector embeds noise prediction! whitening process in the branch metric calculation of Viterbi detector and improves the reliability. In this paper, some high-density optical storage channels are examined, and appropriate NPML systems are designed for each channel.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.551-565
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• 2017

A spray-applied waterproofing membrane which consists of polymers has a relatively higher constructability and adhesion than the conventional sheet-type waterproofing materials. Additionally, the spray-applied waterproofing membrane generally shows a waterproofing ability as a composite structure with shotcrete or concrete lining. Because its purpose is waterproofing at the structure, structural effects were not well reported than waterproofing abilities. In this study, structural effects of the membrane-attached concrete lining were evaluated using 3-point bending test by the numerical method. From the analysis, a load-displacement behavior of the concrete lining and fracturing energy after yielding were compared with various conditions. Consequently, concrete lining with spray-applied waterproofing membrane shows higher flexural strength and fracturing energy than the single-layer concrete lining.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.5-12
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• 1997

The potentiality of water treatment sludge as the alternative liner and cover materials in landfills is investigated. A series of tests were performed on sludge admixtures to examine their compaction, compressive strength, leaching, hydraulic conductivity characterisit its and the compatibility with representative leachate within landfills. Results from the tests show that low hydraulic conductivity can berachieved with sufficient stabilizer contents and curing. It is recognized that the hydrauac conductivity decreases with increasing bentonite content and the percentage of bentonite needed to make the hydrauic conductivity below 1$\times$10-7cm/ sec was 40% for water treatment sludge. It was found that the effect of the municipal waste leachate on the hydraulic conductivity of the admixtures is negligible.