• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.225-229
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• 1998

The purpose of the current study was comparative analysis of autonomic and electrocortical responses to passive and active touch of the tektites with different subjective emotional preference. Perspective goal of the project is development of a template for classification of tactile stimuli according to subjective comfort and associated physiological manifestations. The study was carried out on 36 female college students. Physiological signals were acquired by Grass and B10PAC 100 systems with AcqKnowledge III software. Frontal, parietal and occipital EEG (relative power spectrum /percents/ of EEG bands - delta, theta, slow and fast alpha, low and fast beta), and autonomic variables, namely heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), pulse transit time (PTT), respiration rate (RSP) and skin conductance parameters (SCL, amplitude, rise time and number of SCRs) were analyzed for rest baseline and stimulation conditions. Analysis of the overall pattern of reaction indicated that autonomic response to tactile stimulation was manifested in a form of moderate HR acceleration, RSP increase, RSA decrease (lowered vagal tone), decreased n and increased electrodermal activity (increased SCL, several SCRs) that reflects general sympathetic activation. Parietal EEG effects (on contra-lateral side to stimulated hand) were featured by short-term alpha-blocking, slightly reduced theta and significantly increased delta and enhanced fast beta activity with few variations across stimuli. The main finding of the study was that most and least preferred textures exhibited significant differences in autonomic (HR, RSP, PTT, SCR, and at less extent in RSA and SCL) and electrocortical responses (delta, slow and fast alpha, fast beta relative power). These differences were recorded both in passive and active stimulation modes, thus demonstrating reproducibility of distinction between most and least emotionally preferred tactile stimuli, suggesting influence of psychological factors, such as emotional property of stimulus, on physiological outcome. Nevertheless, development of sufficiently sensitive .and reliable template for classification of emotional responses to tactile stimulation based on physiological response pattern may require more extensive empirical database.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.124-132
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• 2019

Water-repellent coating solutions were synthesized by hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions with water using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and chlorotrimethylsilane (CTMS) as precursors. The solutions were coated on a PMMA sheet and thermally cured to prepare non-fluorinated water-repellent coating films. Coating films were characterized by water contact angles, UV-Vis transmittance and surface morphology. The contact angle of coating films prepared by varying the molar ratio of CTMS/TEOS to 0.6~1.0 exhibited a maximum value of $107^{\circ}$ when the CTMS/TEOS molar ratio was 0.8. The coating films showed a high transmittance over the visible range up to 90% when the CTMS/TEOS molar ratios were 0.6~0.8. However, when the molar ratios of CTMS/TEOS were 0.9~1.0, the transmittance of coating films was lower than 70% due to an uneven shape of the rough surface.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the environmental enrichment therapy (EET) program on the task performance and sensory processing of children with delayed development. Methods : This study was conducted with a single-subject ABA research design for two children with developmental delay findings, and intervention was conducted 7 times a week for 4 weeks. Both children confirmed changes in task performance and sensory processing after intervention. Results : After intervention, task performance improved from an average of 200% to a maximum of 354% compared to the baseline period, and the score in the sensory processing area, which affects tactile processing, emotional response, and activity level, was improved to the normal category. Conclusion : Through this study, it was confirmed that the EET program was effective in performing tasks and sensory processing for children with developmental delays, and its usefulness was confirmed as a program that can be implemented at home.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2001

To identity the composition and ratio of the sex pheromone in the asiatic leafroller, Archippus breviplicanus (Walsingham), which is a major pest on apple leaves, and to develop a monitoring system using this sex pheromone, abdominal tips of their virgin female during the calling period were extracted and analysed. The GC/GC-MS analysis revealed the following three compounds; (E)11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14: Ac), (Z)11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14: Ac), and tetradecyl acetate(14: Ac) with the ratio of 56:22:22. Electroantennogram (EAG) assay was also conducted to examine biological activity of the components. The three components evoked significantly higher responses than hexane or air but there was no significant differences between the mixtures made by components. Field trapping experiments for determining the optimum blend, seasonal fluctuation and the optimum amount for male attracting were carried out over 4 years from 1997 to 2000. Although male moths were attracted to 8:2 and 7:3 between E11-14: Ac and Z11-14: Ac, their 7:3 blend was found to be the most effective. Archippus breviplicanus appears to occur three times a year in Korea. The optimum amount for monitoring was found to be 1mg per trap. 14: Ac, the third component, did not show synergistic effect on male moth attraction.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.531-540
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• 2019

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanosilica and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a coupling agent was used to form a coarse spike structure as well as an excellent reactive hydroxyl groups on the glass surface. Then, a second treatment was carried out using a trichloro-(1H,1H,2H,2H)perfluorooctylsilane(TPFOS) solution for ultimate water repellent glass surface formation. The formation of hydrophobic coating layer on glass surface using silica aerosol, which is hydrophobic nanosilica, was not able to form a durable hydrophobic coating layer due to the absence of reactive -OH groups on the surface of nanosilica. On the other hand, a glass surface was first coated with a coating liquid prepared with hydrophilic hydroxyl group-containing nanosilica and hydrolyzed TEOS, and then coated with a TPFOS solution to introduce a hydrophobic surface on glass having a water contact angle of $150^{\circ}$ or more. The sliding angle of the coated glass was less than $1^{\circ}$, which meant the surface had a super water-repellent property. In addition, as the content of hydrophilic nanosilica increased, the optical transmittance decreased and the optical transmittance also decreased after 2nd coating with the TPFOS solution. The super-hydrophobic property of the coated glass was remained up to 50 times of rubbing durability test, but only hydrophobic property was shown after 200 times of rubbing durability test. Conclusively, the optimal coating conditions was double 1st coatings with the HP3 coating solution having a hydrophilic nanosilica content of 0.3 g, and subsequent 2nd coating with the TPFOS solution. It is believed that the coating solution thus prepared can be used as a surface treatment agent for solar cells where light transmittance is also important.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.214-219
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• 2005

As part of Korean retinal prosthesis project, we have provided preliminary experimental results regarding voltage parameters for the stimulation of chemically degenerated rabbit retina. Since our APB-treated chemically degenerated retina is only ON-pathway blocked, now we switch our experiments to more appropriate retinal degeneration model, genetically degenerated retina model (RD mouse: rd/rd (C3H/HeJ)). Before studying with RD mouse, we started control experiments with normal SD rat to understand characteristics of retinal ganglion ceil activity with postnatal maturation in rodents. Ganglion cell activities were recorded with 8${\times}$8 multi-electrode array. Moving spontaneous bursts appeared until postnatal day of 15. During pre-eye opening period, no light evoked response appeared. After postnatal day of 2 weeks (post-eye opening period), ON-, OFF- and ON/OFF response appeared. The fractional distributions of ON, OFF, and ON/OFF ganglion cell is about $40\%,\;50\%$, and $5\%$. The percentage ($\%$) of light evoked response in each dorso-temporal, ventral, and dorso-nasal area of eye is about $50\%,\;37.5\%$ and $12.5\%$, respectively. We concluded that the optimal period for experiment in rodent is about postnatal day of 2${\~}$3 weeks.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2015

Objective : This study compares sensory processing ability of children with and without spastic diplegia. In addition, it investigates characteristics of sensory processing differentiated by developmental phase such as pre-school age versus school age. Methods : Participants in this study are ordinal children without specific condition and children with spastic diplegia who are aged 3 to 10 years olds. Using Short Sensory Profile (SSP), sensory processing function of the participants was measured. The survey was distributed to caregivers of the children from November, 2013 to February, 2014, and it was suggested that the caregivers to record the questionnaire directly after approval from a rehabilitation hospital, a university hospital, welfare center, day care center, preschool and elementary school to participate in our study. Results : Group of children with spastic diplegia showed lower score than group of children with no special condition in the total score and the each score of all items of Short Sensory Profile. There was significant difference between the two groups in terms of the total score of sensory processing and the 5 factors except tactile sensitiveness and taste/smell sensitiveness among the 7 factors of test. In the comparison of different age groups, pre-school age group showed lower total score than school age group. Conclusion : This study provides a foundational evidence that can be used when therapist evaluate sensory processing function of children with spastic diplegia. There is need for more study about sensory processing functions of various types of children with cerebral palsy.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to compare sensory processing ability by smartphone addiction levels in preschool children, and to investigate the correlation between smartphone addiction level and sensory processing ability within smartphone addiction group. Method : The subjects of this study were 324 persons, with 124 persons in the addiction group and 200 in the normal user group. Measurements in this study were a questionnaire about general characteristics of subject, smartphone addiction scale, and short sensory profile. Methods for the data analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson correlation analysis of SPSS 22.0. Results : There was a significant difference in the total Short Sensory Profile (SSP) score and in all sub-domains between the addiction and normal use groups (p<0.05). In the smartphone addiction group, there was a negative correlation between the SSP total score (r=-.278), auditory filtering (r=-.293), visual/auditory sensitivity (r=-.393) and smartphone addiction level. Conclusion : This study confirmed that there was a difference in smartphone addiction and sensory processing ability between the preschool children addiction and normal use groups. It has been proven that there is an interrelationship between sensory processing ability and smartphone addiction in the addiction group. It is significant in that it provides basic data to prevent smartphone addiction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.62-75
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• 2022

In this study, experiential STEAM program using 3D printer was produced focusing on the content elements of 'solar' in the 2015 revised science curriculum, and in order to find out the effectiveness of the STEAM program, analyzed creative problem solving, STEAM attitude, and STEAM satisfaction by applying it to two middle school 77 students simple random sampled. The results of this study are as follows. First, a solar tactile model was produced using a 3D printer, and a program was developed to enable students to actively learn experience-oriented activities through visual impairment experiences. Second, in the response sample t-test by the difference in pre- and post-score of STEAM attitude tests, significant statistical test results were shown in 'interest', 'consideration', 'self-concept', 'self-efficacy', and 'science and engineering career choice' sub-factors except 'consideration' and 'usefulness / value recognition' sub-factors (p<.05). Third,, the STEAM satisfaction test conducted after the application of the 3D printer-based STEAM program showed that the average value range of sub-factors were 3.66~3.97, which improved students' understanding and interest in science subjects through the 3D printer-based STEAM program.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.151-158
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• 2015

Chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) can be used as a fumigant to kill insects. However, some insects can exhibit an evasive behavior from chlorine dioxide. This evasive behavior decreases the efficiency of the insecticidal activity of chlorine dioxide. This study tested a hypothesis that heat treatment suppresses the evasive behavior and synergizes the control efficacy of chlorine dioxide. Chlorine dioxide fumigation killed the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, under direct exposure condition to the chemical for 12 h with median lethal concentrations of 383.67 ppm (153.63 - 955.78 ppm: 95% confidence interval) for larvae and 397.75 ppm (354.46 - 446.13 ppm: 95% confidence interval) for adults. However, when they were treated with enough diet flour, they exhibited an evasive behavior by entering the diet, which significantly decreased the control efficacy of the fumigant. To clarify the evasive behavior, the choice test of the adults were performed in Y tube arena. The test adults significantly avoided the diet treated with chlorine dioxide, while the antennatectomized adults lost the avoidance behavior. Heat treatment using $46^{\circ}C$ for 6 h killed only 10% or less of T. castaneum. Interestingly, most adults were observed to come out of the diet under the heat treatment. Chlorine dioxide treatment even at 400 ppm for 6 h did not kill any T. castaneum. However, the combined treatment of chlorine dioxide with the heat treatment for 6 h resulted in 95% mortality. These results indicated that heat treatment suppressed the evasive behavior of T. castaneum and synergized the control efficacy of the chlorine dioxide fumigant.