• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.193-207
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• 1998

이 연구의 목적은 아동의 연령과 성에 따른 아동의 역량지각 발달의 경향을 조사하고, 연령, 성을 포함한 가정환경과 또래 환경의 변수들의 역량지각에 미치는 영향을 구조평형 모델을 통해 알아 보았다. 또한, 이러한 역량지각의 발달 성향을 서구 문화권과 비교하여, 역량지각발달의 문화적 보편성이나 차이점을 알아 보고자 하였다. 유아, 또는 초등학교 저학년 아동은 면접으로, 그리고 3학년이상은 설문지를 사용하였다. 조사 대상은 유아, 초등학교 1, 3, 5학년, 중학교 1학년 아동 750명과 그들의 어머니이다. 인지, 사회, 신체 영역에서 모두 역량지각은 연령이 증가할수록 낮아졌다. 인지, 신체 영역의 역량지각에선 연령과 성의 상호작용효과가 나타났다. 그러나, 서구 문화권의 연구에서는 이러한 상호작용이 발견되지 않는다. 역량지각의 공변량구조모형에서는 또래환경 변수가 모두 포함시키기에 부적합한 변수로 나타났고, 연령, 성과 가족의 수입, 아버지의 교육수준, 가정의 물리적 환경, 부모의 정서적 지지가 아동의 역량지각에 의미 있게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.79-88
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• 2017

As the age in which the importance of sensitivity has increased, education for the future generation regarding emotion engineering, affective recognition and cognitive science have taken center stage. We measure human's emotion quantitatively, analyze evaluation and apply them to various services in life, which are based on human technology. Therefore, we need the education which is related to emotion science to cultivate talented people. The goal of this paper is to suggest the possibility of emotion science education and effective methods through development of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics) program which can teach emotion science to early elementary school students by applying it to pilot classes. For this study, first, we build a program, 'The mind made by figure' for student of early elementary school. The method of STEAM was used in this program, because it is an effective system to educate the emotion science. We recognize the needs and value of this program development through theory and benchmarking of STEAM related to emotion science. And then the contents of class, activities, course book and kit are designed with elementary school textbook of pertinent grade. Secondly, we analyze the result which is applied in two pilot classes of second grade by satisfaction survey and teacher interview. As a result, the average of satisfaction level was very high (4.40/5), Class participation was especially high. Third, we discuss the ability, value and limits of this program based on the result of analysis. The outcome of this research shows that students of early elementary school who have difficulty in understanding science can approach the education program related to emotion science with ease and interest. We hope this education will help students understand emotion science effectively, and to train people to lead the emotion centered era.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fidget spinner training on the hand function and handwriting legibility of lower grade elementary school studens. Methods : This study randomly assigned a study group of 12 children and control group of 12 children from 24 children in grade 1 and 2 (ages 7 through 8), whose are dominantly right handed. The study used was a pre-post process. The intervention was conducted only on the study group twice a week for 5 weeks and for 40 minutes per session, for a total of ten sessions. The measuring instruments used to compare the hand functions and handwriting legibility were the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, Grip Strength Test, and Legibility Test. The data analysis used a Wilcoxon signed rank, Mann-Whitney U and Chi-Square cross analysis. Results : The fidget spinner training showed significant improvement in the study group's hand function(grip strength and handwriting legibility) and a significant difference was shown between the control and study groups. Conclusion : This study confirmed the value and utility of a fidget spinner as a tool for improving the hand function and handwriting legibility of elementary school students in lower grades. Future studies are expected to verify the effectiveness of the fidget spinner training based on the present study.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2004

This study attempted to understand the living conditions of children after school, focusing on 437 children attending an elementary school with working parent. This investigation also analyzed socio-demographic variables, the forms of after school child-care and differences in psychological well-being of children. The major findings were as follows First, self-care children took up 42.3% as the result of the survey on living conditions after school of lower-grade children. It showed that children under the condition of self-caring for more than four hours a day on the average took up 2/3 of the child group. Second, the results of examining the differences of psychological well being of children secondary to socio-demographic variables, it showed significant differences in the area of anxiety with respect to children’s genders, Parental occupations in the area maternal educational levels. Third, the results of the findings on whether there were differences in the psychological well-eing of these children depending on the form of after school hour child care showed that there were significant differences between loneliness and self-perceives competence felt by children.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2002

The importance of Information Technology practical use is embossed and grounding education for this was introduced from first-year student in primary school. This study is to design and implement new set of study program that can minimize individual variation in learning, analyzing the grounding education in Information and Communication. Herein basic stuff is selected for the lower grader at Elementary School and for the Courseware design, here introduced Perfect study strategy that makes use of the formative evaluation and feed back, aiming at perfect study. And also the diversified presentation of study materials with the use of multimedia can enhance the student's learning awareness. In faithful reflection of it, individual student's progress and interested in learning is incorporated into the designing the Courseware.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.201-212
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• 2021

The present study was conducted as a pilot investigation to suggest the standards of acoustic performance for classrooms suitable for incomplete hearing people such as children under 9 years of age. Subjective evaluations such as questionnaire and speech intelligibility test were conducted to 264 students at two elementary schools in Cheong-ju in order to analyze the characteristics of the listening environment in the classrooms of the lower grades in elementary school. The survey was undertaken with a total of 264 students at two elementary schools in Cheong-ju, and investigated their satisfaction with the classroom listening environment. As a result, students responded that the most helpful information type for understanding class content is the voice of teacher. In addition, the volume of the current teacher's voice is normal, and the level of clarity is highly satisfactory. As for the acoustic performance of the classroom, the opinion that the noise was normal and the reverberation was very short was found to be dominant in overall satisfaction with the listening environment. Meanwhile, as a result of speech intelligibility test using the word list selected for the lower grade students of elementary school, it could be inferred that the longitudinal axis distance from the sound source in the case of 8-year-olds is a factor that affects speech recognition.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.175-194
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• 2023

Despite the importance of pattern learning for elementary school students, few studies have investigated in detail the understanding of patterns of lower-grade students. This study aimed to analyze the understanding of patterns of second-grade elementary school students. Since the patterns in the second grade are taught through the unit called Finding Rules, students' understanding of patterns was compared and contrasted before and after they learned the unit. To this end, a written instrument to measure students' understanding of patterns was developed on the basis of previous studies on pattern learning for lower-grade students. A total of 189 students were analyzed. As a result of the study, the overall correct answer rates in the post-test were higher in most items than those in the pre-test, illustrating the positive effect of the specific unit. However, students found it difficult to find rules in which two components would change simultaneously either in geometric or numeric patterns, find patterns that would be similar in structure, represent geometric patterns into numeric patterns, find empty terms in increasing patterns, and reason the specific terms in patterns that can be differently interpreted. Based on these research results, this study sheds light on students' understanding of patterns and suggests implications to improve their understanding.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.347-358
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• 2020

He purpose of this study is to design and apply a pilot assessment tools for scientifically gifted and talented elementary school students with lower grades. The assessment tool consists of three parts: homeroom teachers' recommendation, paper and pencil test and performance tests. The tools are verified whether they are suitable for unique characteristics of young children and enable to attract active participation. For suitability check, students' performance tests were inductively analyzed and 30 behavioral patterns were shown which were included and partially exceeded the level of lower elementary students' performance expectation in NGSS. As a result, we concluded that assessment tool developed in this study will be effective in discriminating young pupils' scientific talents. Then for participation check, we compared the number of coding references as an indicator of participation. Two cases were found that students with high interest participated passively in performance tests. We found these 'passive participants' had excessive scientific experiences and extremely narrow region of interest, during the process of complex interpretation between the results of this assessment tool and in-depth interviews with homeroom teachers. We found out in this study that newly developed tools can be used in school scene after modifying and elaboration through accumulation of more case studies.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.267-272
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• 2007

학교 교육에서 문해력과 수리력에 비해 그 중요성이 간과되고 있는 공간 지각 능력과 도해력을 학습하기 위해서 학습자 중심의 지도 그리기 교육이 실제화 되어야 한다. 따라서 이 글에서는 보다 더 실제적 이고 효과적인 지도교육을 위한 지도그리기모듈을 구현하고자 한다. 특히 사회과의 경우 사고의 방법과 과정을 중요시 하는 교육목표를 가지고 있기 때문에, 현재의 저학년 초등교과교육 중 지도 그리기 학습의 문제점을 살펴보고 구체적 조작기의 아동을 위한 공간 능력의 향상과 구체물의 평면화 등 지도 그리기 교육의 목표를 수월하게 도달하기 위한 모듈을 구현하여 초등 지리 교육의 수월성과 함께 학습자의 수준에 맞는 흥미로운 학습을 도모하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.37-53
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• 2009

This study researched aspects of gender and grade related to the after-school happiness of lower grade elementary students and the correlation between the children's happiness and their stress and playfulness. Results of surveys and interviews of 124 lower grade elementary students who attended 4 after-school programs in Seoul showed that : (1) there were no gender differences in happiness but first graders were the happiest, then 2nd graders and the 3rd graders who were the least happy. (2) Children's happiness correlated negatively with stress. (3) There was no relationship between children's overall happiness and playfulness, but there was a negative correlation between happiness and playfulness under the sub-category of cognitive spontaneity. Results were discussed in relation to the Korean socio-cultural environment.