• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics T
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• v.36T no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 1999

$In_2O_3$-based thick films for the ozone detection of ppb range have been investigated. The $In_2O_3$ sensing layer is quite sensitive to ozone, but the saturated stable sensitivity cannot be obtained at the ozone exposure of 100 ppb for 5 min. The addition of $Fe_2O_3$ into $In_2O_3$ indicates some improvement in response time and sensitivity, but it seems the improvement is not good enough for real applications. Firing of $In_2O_3$:$Fe_2O_3$ powder induces remarkable improvement in response and recovery, although the sensitivity decrease. The sensing layer fired at $1300^{\circ}C$ and operated $550^{\circ}C$ shows excellent properties of fast response time, saturated stable sensitivity and rapid recovery characteristics to 100 ppb ozone exposure for 5 min. Especially, it shows the reproducibility of the sensor signal for repeated measurements and the linearity between the ozone concentration and the sensor resistance. The preliminary results clearly demonstrated that the sensor can be successfully applied for the ozone detection of ppb range.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.813-825
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper lies in the comparison of the body types between the subjects of Korean women in their 60's living in Russia and China. The findings are as follows. 1. The comparison of 80 items in physical measurements between the Korean women in their 60's living in Russia and China resulted in the differences in 57 items. While the height items including stature between them showed negligible differences, most of the length items relating to width, thickness, circumference, and obesity showed differences, which were big. 2. The analysis by using the physical measurements showed the differences in the number of the elements constituting the body types of the Korean women in their 60's, as 13 for those living in Russia and 11 for those living in China. 3. The cluster analysis for the comparison of the body types of each group, by categorizing the body types, produced three types for both groups. Koreans living in Russia were grouped as those with the short stature and light weight, the medium stature and medium weight, and the tall stature and heavy weight. Koreas living in China were classified as those with the short stature and medium weight, the tall stature and light weight, and the tall stature and heavy weight.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare somatotypes from various classification methods, to analyze the interrelation among each somatotype or each high frequency type, and to suggest the basis to interpret body size and shape more accurately. As a sample, the subjects were 97 Korean females between 18 and 24 years old. They were measured both anthropometric and photographic measuring in November, 1999. Their somatotypes were classified by three kinds of classification methods. The first method was based on the lateral view of body, the second involved Factor and Cluster analysis with the photographic measurements of anterior and lateral body, and the third involved Factor and Cluster analysis with the anthropometric measurements of whole body. The upper body was classified into three types, and the lower body was classified into 6 types from the lateral view of body. The bend-forward/q-2 was found to be the 'High-frequency type from the lateral view of body', and the Straight/n-1 was found to be the 'Straight type from the lateral view of body'. From the classification by the analysis of photographic measurements, the anterior body was classified into three types, the lateral was classified into 4 types. The X/${\varepsilon}$ type was found to be the 'High-frequency type from the analysis of photographic measurements of anterior and lateral body'. From the classification by the analysis of anthropometric measurements, the whole body was classified into three types. The i type was found to be the 'High-frequency type from the analysis of anthropometric measurements of whole body'. The significant interrelation was certified among some somatotypes or some High-frequency types. We found that both the view of body and the statistical analysis would make the clear definition of each somatotype possible. In order to certify the representativeness of High-frequency type, further analysis would be required of subjects who were in the High-frequency type and their body parts were in the High-frequency range.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.228-232
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• 1970

From the standpoint of fishery science it is an interesting matter to note that the size of Plecoglessus altivelis population on Cheju Island is smaller than that of the Nakdong River located in the southern part of Korea's mainland. Therefore the author carried out a comparative analysis to determine whether the populations differ because of racial or because of environmental conditions. The morphometric characters of the head length and the body length were used for the analysis of covariance and computed by a standard regression method of testing for the homogeneity of the populations. All samples were collected during 1968 and 1969 in the Milyang Stream of the Nakdong River and the Cheonji Stream of Cheju Island. The results of the analysis of the populations based on the significance test are as follows: 1. Since the F value observed was only 1.023 ($n_1=1,\;n_2=42$) the conclusion was reached that the samples could both belong to the same population. 2. In comparison with the deviations of the regression coefficients between the fish of the Nakdong River and Cherinji Stream, the populations were also highly significant suggesting that thelr belong to the same population. 3. The conclusion is that the fish of Cheju Island became a smaller fish in size due to an environmental condition but not due to racial characteristics.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.163-178
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• 2014

In America, where obesity rate ranks no.1 in the world, the plus size market is rapidly expanding with various American brands adding plus size lines in a way to diversify their products. As obesity is expanding throughout the younger generation, the necessity to develop products according to different characteristics of body shape that can fulfill the needs of young plus size consumers is being emphasized. In this study of young plus size, our focus is on providing wider spectrum of design choices for consumers by analyzing different body shapes, categorizing them, and then identifying the differences of design among them. More specifically, the object of this study is to analyze the elements that differentiate the designs from each other by virtually trying out the same item on avatars of various body shapes. Thus, we can identify the elements that needs to be differentiated according to different body shapes after implementing virtual fitting program on plus size shapes that are rather difficult considering the reality of domestic fashion companies. In this way, we are able to provide fundamental data for American plus size fashion market and design development for Korean fashion companies that are under way of entering or planning to enter the American market. Furthermore, this will demonstrate the actual details of the designs that will eventually help the development of specialized product for the globalization of Korean fashion industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.9
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

The study compared and analyzed the physical figures of Korean women, who are in their 60's, living in Korea and those living in Japan. Results are as follow: 1. Korean women, in their 60's, living in Korea were compared with their counterparts living in Japan across 52 items of body measurements, 25 of which have been found to be different. 2. Factor analysis was conducted with the body measurements of the two groups. The analysis results found no big differences between them. 3. Cluster analysis was performed with the factor points of the two groups, and the analysis results identified three types for both of the parties. Korean women living in Korea can be identified as those who were tall and weighed average, those who were average tall and weighed little, and those who were in average height and weighed a lot. On the other hand, Korean women living in Japan can be identified as those who were short and weighed little, those who were in average height and weighed a lot, and those who were tall and weighed average. The result of the study indicates distinctive differences between the two groups, and suggests that people of the same race can have differences in their physical figures due to many factors including socio-cultural and dietary differences when they live in different places over extended period of time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.108-124
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• 2014

The purpose of the study is to figure out the difference in preference of clothes between Korean and Chinese female college students, who share similar ethnic traits despite having different sociocultural backgrounds and environment, and see the differences in their body image and body satisfaction. The questionnaire-based survey for the study was conducted for about a month and a total of 449 copies of the questionnaire were collected for the final research. For the research method, we examined the differences in clothes preference and fit between Korean and Chinese students, and then the corresponding differences in body image and body satisfaction. The result showed significant differences in the categories of skirt length, pants length, upper garment fit, and lower garment fit. Korean students preferred slim fit clothes, while their counterparts preferred natural fits. A comparison of body image between Korean and Chinese female students showed that the Korean students had lower body satisfaction levels, and viewed themselves as fat even though they were slimmer than their counterparts. The conclusion of the analysis was that compared to Korean students the Chinese students pursued a more comfortable and casual style, preferring unique and diverse designs instead of simply following a fashion trend.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1337-1348
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine major factors underweight and obesity by comparing and analyzing dietary habits, exercise and weight control of obesity and underweight of Adolescents. The subjects were 26,039 students and they were divided according Body Mass Index(BMI). The collected data was analyzed through frequency, percentage, chi-square test. The results were as follows. 1) Among the male students 67.3%, 32.7% and among the female ones 82.7% and 17.3% were included in the underweight and the obese groups, respectively. 2) For dietary habits, the rate of skipping breakfast(12.5%, 13.6%) was considerably higher than those of skipping lunch and dinner. 3) The females and the obese group received more stress, felt more unhappiness, grief, depression and thought more suicide than the males and the underweight group, respectively. 4) The underweight group had higher rate of strengthening exercise of males and females. 5) For self-recognized body shape, while in the underweight group had a wrong image of their body shape, while more males in the obese group had a distorted self body image. 6) Measures to control weight were regular exercise, reduced amount of diet, and the obese group controled their weight more actively than the underweight group of the male and the female students. 7) From these results, appropriate mental health programs and education programs about health knowledge, properly self-recognized body shape and measures to control weight were considered to be necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to improve the fitness of clothes by producing patterns considering body proportions at a time of producing clothes for export through extracting factors comprising body types and conducting comparative analysis of proportions by body part using body indexes of Korean women in their 20s living in both Korea and foreign countries. The study results are as follows. Factor analysis by group was conducted for body indexes in order to examine body types of Koreans living overseas. As a results, six factors were extracted from all of three groups; Joseonjok(Koreans living in China), Goryeoin(Koreans living in Russia) and Korean residents in Japan, and their explanatory powers were 60.42%, 63.62%, 63.15%, respectively. Obesity factor was extracted as the 1st factor, and the groups showed differences in other factors. As a result of proportion comparison using body indexes of Koreans living in foreign countries and Korea, it was found that, in height item, when regarding the height as 100, the length of the lower part of the body was long in the order of Goryeoin. Joseonjok, Koreans living in Korea and Korean residents in Japan. Also in width item, when regarding the waist as a standard, it was observed that Joseonjok people have the shoulders, the breasts and the hips that look relatively wider comparing with the width of the waists because they have very narrow waists and the width between shoulder length is big. In addition, the study examined proportions of the breast thickness/the breast width, the waist thickness/the waist width, the hip thickness/the hip width to height. From the analysis, it was found that breasts of Koreans living in Korea are flattest while their waists are slender, and Goryeoin and Joseonjok have round body shapes from the waist to the breast.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.78-92
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• 2003

The upper-body characteristics of the right-handed and the left-handed are examined and compared through 1-dimensional measurement and 2-dimensional measurement. The results were as follows: 1. According to 1-dimensional measurement results, the clearest differences were seen in girth items rather than height or length items. In particular, hand girth, lower arm girth, and upper arm girth were bigger on the left side in the left-handed group and the right side in the right-handed group. This is thought to be relevant to the arm muscles frequently used. 2. According to 2-dimensional measurement results, significant differences appeared in the females of the left-handed group: shoulder point among width items. In the right-handed group, some differences of significance were shown in females (shoulder point, rear armpit point, and B.P. point among width items) and males (front neck point among extreme vertical distance items). In summary, the body type characteristics of the left-handed and the right-handed reveal great differences in the items related to arm length and arm girth. In other words, the sleeve and shoulder patterns production based on the right-handed don't rightly reflect the somatotype characteristics of the left-handed. In addition, in the cases of athletes, laborers, and the disabled who frequently use particular muscles or parts of the body, this sort of research in the patterns is consistently needed in order to reflect the size differences in girth items in upper body.