• 기본간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.112-122
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on body temperature, shivering, and perceived thermal comfort of web-based evidence-based practice guideline for patients undergoing gastrectomy. Methods: Eighty patients scheduled for gastrectomy were recruited and assigned to the control or experimental group by sequential order. Before collecting data from the experimental group, a systematic educational program on evidence-based guidelines was provided to the nurses as well anesthesiologists. Data were analyzed using t-test and repeated measured ANOVA. Results: The experimental group showed higher body temperature from the induction of anesthesia until four hours after surgery compared to the control group. In addition, the levels of thermal comfort as well as satisfaction with thermal management were significantly higher in the experiment group. Conclusion: Use of evidence-based guidelines was effective in maintaining body temperature, lowering sensitivity to shivering, and promoting perceived thermal comfort. Therefore, adoption of evidence-based interventions in nursing practice is recommended.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare effects of intravenous fluid warming and forced-air warming on perioperative body temperature, Blood Pressure, Pulse and thermal discomfort after gastrectomy under general anesthesia. Methods: Data collection was performed from October, 2009 to February, 2010. The intravenous fluid warming group (27) was warmed through an IV line by an Animec set to $37^{\circ}C$. The forced-air warming group (27) was warmed by Bair Hugger System. The warming continued from induction of general anesthesia to two hours after completion of surgery. The data was analyzed by t-test, $X^2$, repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: There was a significant difference of body temperature and thermal discomfort between the intravenous fluid warming group and the forced-air warming group. Conclusion: We need to explore the effects combination of the intravenous fluid warming and the forced-air warming, and other warming therapy and the efficiency of modalities with regards to cost benefit is also needed.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Purpose : This study investigated the effects of active warming using a Warm Touch warming system or a cotton blanket in postoperative patients after general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Methods : This quasi-experimental study utilized two experimental groups and one control group: a cotton-blanket group (n = 25) were warmed with a cotton blanket and a sheet; a forced-air warming group (n = 24) were warmed with a Warm Touch warming system, a cotton blanket, and a sheet; and a control group (n = 25) were warmed with a sheet. Measurement variables were postoperative pain, body temperature, and thermal discomfort. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, ${\chi}^2-tests$, Fisher's exact test, and a repeated measures ANOVA. Results : The effects of active warming using a Warm Touch warming system and a cotton blanket on postoperative patients was significant in reducing pain (F = 13.91, p < .001) and increasing body temperature (F = 12.49, p < .001). Conclusion : Active warming made a significant difference in pain and body temperature changes. Active warming methods may help patients' postoperative recovery and prevent complications. Further research is needed to explore the effects and side effects of active warming on recovering normothermia.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.352-360
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• 2013

Purpose: In this study an examination was done of the effects of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses (ASPAN) Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on body temperature, shivering, thermal discomfort, and time to achieve normothermia in patients undergoing total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) under spinal anesthesia. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a randomized controlled trial design. Participants (n=60) were patients who underwent TKRA between December 2011 and March 2012. Experimental group (n=30) received active and passive warming measures as described in the ASPAN's guidelines. Control group (n=30) received traditional care. Body temperature, shivering, thermal discomfort, time to achieve normothermia were measured in both groups at 30 minute intervals. Results: Experimental group had slightly higher body temperature compared to control group (p=.002). Thermal discomfort was higher in the experimental group before surgery but higher in the control group after surgery (p=.034). It decreased after surgery (p=.041) in both groups. Time to achieve normothermia was shorter in the experimental group (p=.010). Conclusion: ASPAN's guidelines provide guidance on measuring patient body temperature at regular intervals and on individualized and differentiated hypothermia management which can be very useful in nursing care, particularly in protecting patient safety and improving quality of nursing.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to measure the oral temperature, skin temperature, and subjective discomfort according to the application time of ice bag on thigh, head, and abdomen. This study was also intended to suggest nursing principles about ice bag application by exploring the recovery time of skin temperature after the removal of ice bag. The design of this study was $8{\times}3$ factorial design with one sample repeated measure. Here, the application time of ice bag(criteria, 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min) and the application site of ice bag(thigh, head, abdomen) were independent variables. The subjects were 10 university woman students, and data collection was made from July, 1 to August 30, 1992. Rubber ice bag halfly filled with ice was covered with towel and applied on thigh, head and abdomen in other three days. Before applying the ice bag, oral temperature and skin temperature were checked for criteria. After ice bag was applied, skin temperature, oral temperature and VAS score were checked at first 5 minutes elapsed, and every 10 minutes until 60 minutes. After that, ice bag was removed, and oral temperature and skin temperature were also measured every ten minutes until 60 minutes. In this study, skin temperature and core temperature were measured by thermistor probe, and subjective discomfort was measured by 200mm VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). Some of the findings were as follows : 1. There were significant differences in skin temperature among the three application sites of ice bag as time go by. It was most decreased to $15.87^{\circ}C$ in thigh, and $19.47^{\circ}C$ in abdomen at 50 minutes after the application of ice bag, whereas $26.1^{\circ}C$ at 40 minutes in head. Before the application of ice bag, skin temperature showed significant differences in three sites, so that they were compared after the criteria was covariated. In other words, there was significantly more decrease of skin temperature in thigh and abdomen than head, after ice bag was applied for 20 minutes and more. 2. There was no significant difference in core temperature among the three application sites of ice bag during the time of application 3. There was no significant difference in subjective discomfort (VAS) among the three application sites of ice bag. 4. After the removal of ice bag, the recovery of skin temperature was significantly different in three sites during first 30 minutes. In head, skin temperature came up to criteria at 30 minutes after the removal of ice bag, but it was not recovered In thigh and abdomen even 60 minutes elapsed. 5. After the removal of ice bag, there was no significant difference in oral temperature among the three application sites of ice bag. 6. There was significant correlation between the skin temperature and VAS score only in thigh. In conclusion, it is suggested that head in more suitable site for the application of ice bag if it is used for the relief of fever or pain. When we apply ice bag on thigh or abdomen for the relief of pain, careful attention is required.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.4-18
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thermotherapy on gas pain, post-operative resilience, and body temperature discomfort among patients who received laparoscopic myomectomies. Methods: The experimental group consisted of 62 patients with thermotherapy and the control group consisted of 60 patients. Thermotherapy was applied individually to the experimental group four hours after surgery. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ${\chi}^2$-tests, and repeated measures of analysis of variance, using IBM SPSS Statistics version 18. Results: The results showed no significant interaction effect between the group and time of measurement in gas-related pain in the experimental group. For gas-related pain, there was significant difference in right shoulder pain at 24 hours (t=-4.222, p=.000), 48 hours (t=-3.688, p=.000), 72 hours (t=-2.250, p=.028), and left at 24 hours (t=-3.727, p=.000), 48 hours (t=-4.150, p=.000), and 72 hours (t=-2.482, p=.016) and both shoulders at 24 hours (t=-2.722, p=.009) and 48 hours (t=-2.525, p=.014). There was no significant difference in epigastric pain, excluding both epigastric pain at 48 hours (t=2.908, p=.005), 72 hours (t=3.010, p=.004), but there was a significant difference in objective body temperature discomfort (t=2.895, p=.008). Conclusion: Thermotherapy relieved shoulder gas-related pain and objective body temperature discomfort. It needs to be developed and applied to improve post-operative discomfort in patients with laparoscopic hysterectomies.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2002

목 적 : 여러 모의 연구(simulated study)에서 순환제 교대근무자의 야간 근무에 따른 수면장애와 작업수행의 어려움에 대해 광치료가 치료적 도구로 제안되고 있어 실제 순환제 교대 근무 환경에서의 야간 근무 동안 광치료의 효과를 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상인 5명의 병동 근무 간호사들은 기초평가단계 동안 연속적인 3일간의 낮 근무 후 650 lux의 실내 조명 하에서 연속적인 3일간의 야간근무를 하도록 계획되었으며, 2주 후의 광치료시행단계에서는 동일한 순환주기로 근무하는 동안 자정부터 오전 4시까지 2500 lux의 광박스를 이용한 광치료를 시행하였다. 야간근무 후의 낮수면은 actiwatch를 이용하여 평가되었으며 야간 근무 동안은 스탠포드 졸리움 척도를 이용한 각성상태, 고막체온, STIM을 이용한 수행능력 및 visual analogue를 이용한 우울감, 불안감, 신체적 불편감, 피로감을 기초평가단계와 광치료시행단계 각각에서 야간근무 첫째날과 셋째날을 비교평가하였다. 결 과 : 야간근무 후의 낮 수면은 기초평가단계와 광치료 시행단계 모두 야간 근무 1일째와 3일째에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 일주기리듬의 위상 변화를 알아보기 위해 측정된 고막 온도는 야간근무 3일째에 기초평가단계에서는 위상전진을 나타낸 반면 광치료시행단계에서는 위상변화가 없었다. 또한, 각성상태, 우울감, 불안감, 피로감, 신체적 불편감, 졸리움 등의 변화도 기초평가단계에서 야간근무 3일째에 유의하게 악화된 반면 광치료시행단계에서는 변화가 없었다. 주의력에서는 광치료시행단계에서만 야간근무 3일째가 1일째에 비해 유의하게 호전되는 양상을 나타내었다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 위약효과를 배제할 수는 없지만, 실제근무 환경에서 단기간의 광치료가 순환제 교대근무자들의 주간 수면의 질을 뚜렷하게 변화시키진 않았으나, 야간 근무동안 졸리움 감소와 주의력 향상을 통한 야간 업무 수행능력의 호전 가능성을 제시해 주고 있다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2007

목 적 : 열은 소아에서 매우 흔한 증상 중 하나이지만 부모들은 열 자체를 위험한 질환으로 인식하는 경우가 많다. 열에 대해 올바로 아는 것은 부모의 불필요한 염려를 덜고 환아의 질환과 진단 및 치료 과정을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것이다. 이에 저자들은 소아의 열에 대한 부모들의 인식을 조사하고 과거와 비교하여 변화가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2006년 5월부터 7월까지 3개월 동안 가톨릭대학교 성바오로병원 소아과 외래를 방문한 소아의 보호자들에게 열에 대한 지식, 태도, 대처 방법을 묻는 19문항의 설문조사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 136명이 답하였으며 10년 전에 비하여 열에 대한 정보, 태도, 대처 방법 등에서 크게 개선된 점이 없었다. 열에 대한 기본 지식인 열의 기준과 측정 방법에 대해서 잘못 알고 있는 보호자가 많았고, 열성경련과 뇌손상의 가능성에 대한 염려는 여전히 지속되고 있었다. 열은 항상 해롭고 위험한 것이라고 생각하고 있었으며, 따라서 치료가 필요하지 않은 체온에서도 실제보다 심각한 결과를 걱정하며 해열제를 투여하고 병원에 방문하고 있음을 보여주었다. 결 론 : 보호자들은 열이 이로운 점을 가진 생리 반응중의 하나라는 사실을 인식하지 못하고 실제보다 심각한 결과를 예상하며 따라서 불필요한 우려와 치료를 택하게 된다. 이런 잘못된 인식은 시간의 경과에도 불구하고 큰 변화가 없었으며 따라서 소아과 의사들의 역할이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 부모들에게 해열제를 사용하도록 할 때는 열이 해롭지 않으며 해열제의 목적은 열로 인한 아이의 불편감을 덜어주는 것임을 반복하여 알려주고, 더 나아가서는 소아과 의사들이 좀 더 체계적인 정보 및 교육 프로그램을 제공한다면 열에 대한 올바른 인식 형성에 도움이 되리라고 생각된다.