• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.875-878
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• 2008

This paper summarizes on the state-of-the-art research on the reinforced concrete (RC) walls for evaluating and predicting the performance of RC walls analytically and experimentally. A brief discussion of the research trends is presented to propose the further research direction of RC walls. In the paper, 102 papers published on the ACI, Engineering Structure, KCI journal, and AIK journal are collected and reviewed.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1001-1009
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to determine the range of confinement (or the transverse reinforcement of the reinforced concrete structural walls with the T-shaped cross section subjected to cyclic lateral loads. The range of confinement for transverse reinforcement is related to the location of neutral axis and determined by the magnitude and distribution of compressive strain. The compressive strain depends on the ratio of wall cross sectional area to the floor-plan area, the aspect ratio, configuration, the axial load, and the reinforcement ratios. By affection of flange, the neutral axis appears different depending on positive and negative forces and because of this reason, when web and flange are subjected to compressive stress, the range of confinement for the transverse reinforcement of T-shaped walls would shows different result. Therefore this experimental research focused on the structural characteristics of T-shaped walls and suggested the neutral axis depth through comparing the results of this study with sectional analysis.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.131-137
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• 2010

12 trial-scale wall panels are tested and evaluated to investigate the ultimate load capacity of axially loaded concrete walls with various opening configurations. The experimental tests have been undertaken to obtain data for the modification of existing equations. A new design equation has been generated using the precise test data and it incorporates the unique length factors. This new design equation for concrete walls with openings is then compared with existing code formulae.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 1992

원자력발전소의 콘크리트 격납용기구조물등과 같이 안전성이 높게 요구되는 구조물들은 예기치 않은 혹은 부주의한 사고로 인하여 발생하는 비산물체에 의한 충격에 충분히 저항할 수 있도록 설계되어야 한다. 이러한 물체에 의한 충격은 벽면의 국부적인 피해와 벽 전체의 전반휨응답으로 나타나며, 이에 저항하기 위해서는 벽체의 관통이나 스캐빙(scabbing)이 일어나지 않도록 벽두께를 결정하여야 하고 또한, 파괴가 일어나지 않도록 벽체를 설계하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 지금까지 연구된 충격현상에 대한 이론 및 실험결과를 토대로 하여 벽면의 국부효가 발생시 이와 동시에 진행되는 탄성효과 및 전반거동효과를 고려하여 관입깊이를 계산할 수 있는 이론을 유도하였으며, 기존의 실험결과를 이용하여 이론적인 결점을 보완한 반이론식을 제안하였다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 실험결과와 기존식성충격과 소성충격을 구분짓는 스폴링속도에 대한 개념을 제시하였다. 본 논문은 충격을 받는 철근콘크리트 구조물의 벽체설계에 유용한 토대를 제공할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capacities of repaired structural walls with different shear span ratios(1, 2, 3). Experimental tests were carried out. In this study three isolated large-scale wall specimens were made. The original wall specimens were tested until the drift reaches more than 3%. The region of the damaged specimen with the crack larger than 0.2 mm is replaced by new concrete. Also, severly distorted reinforcements were also replaced by new reinforcements. The crack smaller than 0.2 mm was cured by epoxy resin. Because of the space limitation of the laboratory the dimensions of all walls are the same. The shear-span ratio was controlled by the combination of axial and lateral force using the special test setting. All specimens were tested using the incremental quasi static cyclic load until failure occurs. Test results show that strength of repaired walls was almost equivalent to that of original walls. However, deformation capacities of repaired wall specimens are inferior to the original wall specimens.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

In this paper, the analysis of impact damage behavior of a reinforced concrete structure that undergoes both a shock impulsive loading and an impact loading due to the air blast induced from an explosion is performed. Firstly, a pair of multiple loadings are selected from the scenario that an imaginary explosion accident is assumed. The RC structures strengthened with advanced composite materials (ACM) are considered as a scheme for retrofitting RC wall structures subjected to multiple explosive loadings and then the evaluation of the resistant performance against them is presented in comparison with the result of the evaluation of a RC structure without a retrofit. Also, in order to derive the result of the analysis similar to that of real explosion experiments, which require the vast investment and expense for facilities, the constitutive equation and the equation of state (EOS) which can describe the real impact and shock phenomena accurately are included with them. In addition, the numerical simulations of two concrete structures are achieved using AUTODYN-3D, an explicit analysis program, in order to prove the retrofit performance of a ACM-strengthened RC wall structure.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.351-361
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• 2017

Reinforced concrete(RC) structural walls are major lateral load-resisting structural member in building structures. Generally these RC structural walls are coupled with each other by the coupling beams and slabs, and therefore they behave as RC coupled structural wall system. In the design of these coupled structural wall systems, member forces are calculated using elastic structural analysis. These elastic analysis methodologies for the design of coupled structural wall system was not reasonable because it can not consider their ultimate behavior and assure economic feasibility. Performance based design and moment redistribution method to solve these problems is regarded as a reasonable alternative design method for RC coupled structural wall system. However, it is not verified under various design parameters. In this study, nonlinear analysis of RC coupled structural wall system was performed according to various design parameters such as reinforcement ratio, ultimate concrete strain and wall height. Based on analysis results, design considerations for coupled RC structural wall system was proposed.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.161-168
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• 2010

Practicing engineers and researchers need computational tools that estimate accurately the cyclic response of RC walls, and in particular, force and deformation capacities and their materials strains. So this paper describes a nonlinear truss modeling approach for reinforced concrete walls, or in general, for plane stress reinforced concrete elements subjected to cyclic reversals. Nonlinear vertical, horizontal, and diagonal truss elements are used to represent concrete and steel reinforcement. The wall having aspect ratio of 1.2 was chosen to be compared with the experimental results. Here, four types of main diagonal member models and three types of diagonal members models were applied to find out more accurate results of analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.323-334
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• 2003

For performance-based design using nonlinear static analysis, it is required to predict the inelastic behavior of structural members accurately. In the present study, a nonlinear numerical analysis was peformed to develop the method describing the moment-curvature relationship of structural wall with boundary confinement. Through the numerical analysis, variations of behavioral characteristics and failure mechanism with the arrangement of vertical reinforcement and the length of boundary confinement were studied. According to the analysis, the maximum moment-carrying capacity of structural walls with adequately confined boundary elements is developed at the moment the unconfined concrete reaches the ultimate compressive strain. Walls with flexural re-bars concentrated on the boundaries fails in a brittle manner. As vortical re-bars in the web increases, the brittle failure is prevented and a ductile failure occurs. Based on the findings, moment-curvature curves for walls with a variety of re-bar arrangement were developed. According to the proposed relationships, deformability of the structural walls wth boundary confinement increases as the compressive strength of the confined concrete increases compared to the applied compressive force.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.6 no.2 s.20
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• pp.93-105
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• 2006

In order to investigate the effect of the height of application point of lateral loads and reinforcing steel bars in walls and columns in improving the seismic behavior of confined concrete block masonry walls, an experimental research program is conducted. A total of twelve one-half scale specimens are tested under repeated lateral loads. Specimens are tested to failure with increasing maximum lateral drifts while a vertical axial load was applied and maintained constant. The specimens adopted are two-dimensional (2D) hollow concrete block masonry walls with different parameters such as shear span ratio, inflection point and percent of reinforcement in confining columns and walls. Test results obtained for each specimen include cracking patterns, load-deflection curve, and strains in reinforcement and walls in critical locations. Analysis of test data showed that above parameters generate a considerable effect on the seismic performance of confined concrete block masonry walls.