• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 1997

This study was carried out to examine the calculations including the ease amount for bodice pattern. The conclusions were as follows. The areas that were required the ease amount were the horizontal reference line, armhole depth, back & front width. According to this result the calculations including the ease amount were obtained as follows: B/2+4.1cm for horizontal reference line, B/6+6.8 cm for armhole depth, B/6+3.9 cm for the half of back width, B/6+2.3 cm for the half of front width, B/4+4.3 cm for bust point length.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.483-494
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• 1999

This study investigated the relation between seasonal variation of clothing weight and its resting metabolic rate to determine the relation between proper living temperature and cold/heat tolerance. Thirty six subjects(18 males and females twenties) were composed to obtain the clothing weight(Total clothing weight) and resting metabolic rate for a year and grouped four seasons : spring (Mar-May) Summer(Jun-Aug) Fall(Sep-Nov) and Winter(Dec-Feb). The data of males and females were respectively divided into three groups by cluster analysis with clothing weight. 1. The resting metabolic rate of male(41.1kcal/m2/hr) was higher than that of female(33.2kcal/m2/hr). It is suggested there is gender difference in the resting metabolic rate(p<.001) 2. The resting metabolic rate of male and female was the highest in Winter. It is suggested there is seasonal variation in the resting metabolic rate(p<.001) 3. It was found that there was relation between clothing weight and resting metabolic rate. The difference of resting metabolic rate between Summer and Winter which is profitable to adaptation to living temperature was significant in light clothing weight in male as well as in female. 4. In comfortable sensation most subjects responded that he/she felt 'comfortable' except Winter. However the heavy clothing weight group felt 'a little uncomfortable' throughout all seasons. l In thermal sensation most subjects responded that he/she felt 'neutral' And then the heavy clothing weight group responded warmer in summer and cooler in winter than light clothing weight group. From the results it was confirmed that male and female showed seasonal variations in clothing weight and resting metabolic rate. Also the resting metabolic rate of male and female was influenced by the clothing weight. In short seasonal variation of resting metabolic rate was larger in light clothing weight group than in heavy clothing weight group. Therefore light clothing weight group is advantgeous in living temperature to improve cold/heat tolerance and it also shows that living with the light clothing weight may enhance the degree of adaptation to change of living environment

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.12 no.1 s.26
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• pp.13-26
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• 1988

As the culture develops, the body of children nowadays improves, but their physical fitness is weaker than that of children in the past. If physical fitness strengthens through clothing, this must be the easiest and the most efficient long-range training method. To find out the solutions on the above mentioned problems through clothing, this study was made for the analysis of the correlations of clothing weight and physical fitness. The children's endurance upon cold can be explained by the physical fitness, and has relation with the clothing insulation. Therefore, motor ability was measured as an index of physical fitness and clothing weight was measured as an index of insulation. This observation was made in Spring and Fall, 1985, in which 339 kindergartners and their mothers were the subject. The results of the study were as follows: Physical fitness of children decreased in proportion to the clothing weight, and especially this can be seen in boys rather than in girls, and in Fall rather than in Spring. In case of the children who spent more time outdoors rather than indoors, who played in larger space, and who didn't have meat frequently, it turned out that their clothing weight was surprisingly lessened and their physical fitness was highly food.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.203-210
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the weights of clothing that middle school girl students are wearing and ghow athe students evaluate their comfort sensations for the state-of-clothing and classroom conditions. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Average total weights of clothing of each month were 795.5g/m2 for May(23.4$^{\circ}C$), 539-590.6g/m2(26.0-31.2$^{\circ}C$) from June to August, 723.6g/m2 for September(25.6$^{\circ}C$) and 980.2g/m2 for October(24.$0^{\circ}C$). 2. Total weight was changed markedly from May to June and from september to October. The change was mainly by tops. Not much change was observed for the bottoms due to the fact that students were blue jeans irrespect of the environmental conditions. 3. Not significant relationship was observed between clothing weights adn comfort sensations. When the classroom temperature was 23.4$^{\circ}C$, more than 50% of the students answered comfortable. 4. Negative correlation was observed between amount of bottoms weight and Rohrer Index; in other words, fat students were less bottoms such as pants of skirts. 5. Negative correlation was observed between physical finess and amount of under shirts at the month of May, June and October; students with igher physical fitness scores wear less under wear when the environmental temperature changes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.13 no.1 s.29
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• pp.13-33
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to obtain the effects on clothing weight in the health state of the kindergartners. So 1 divided 140 kindergartners into 3 groups. A not trained of light wearing in the control group, B the semi-experimetnal group, C the experimental group. In the field surveys conducted their monthly clothing weight and anthropometric measurements, physique index (obesity index) and motor-ability and rate of cold contraction and of absence, Cornell Medical index from Jun, 1986 to Feb, 1987 in Seoul. 1) The experimental group was even less clothing than the control group in clothing weight during the training period. 2) All the experimental group droped conspicuosly the rate of cold contraction and absence during this period. 3) After this training, the experimental group was better than semi-experimental group and control group in motor-ability especially in standing broad jump, flexibility and tennis ball throw, 25 meter dash. 4) But, 1 could not find the different of anthropometric-measurements, physique-index about this train.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.19-31
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• 1985

This study was designed to find out clothing weights and clothing practice of elementary school children and their mothers and to investigate the correlation between clothing weights of the children and those of their mothers and to investigate the correlation between clothing weights and physical fitness of the children. RESULTS : 1. Total clothing weight of elementary school children was heavier than that of their mothers. 2. The results analyzed by sex and age of the children were as follows. Correlation was little recognized between lowerwear, underwear weights of the 6 year old girls and underwear weight of their mothers and between upperwear weight of 10 year old girls and underwear weight of their mothers. 3. In case of the children who made a clothing decision with their mothersm, correlation was recognized between total clothing weight of the children and total clothing, underwear, lowerwear weights of their mothers, and between upperwear weight of the children and upperwear weight of the children and upperwear, total clothing, underwear and outerwear weights of their mothers, and between outerwear weight of the children and lowerwear weight of their mothers. 4. Physical fitness had partly a negative correlation with the clothing weights in case of the boys, while not the girls. As a reslult, clothing weights of elementary school children were related to thermal sensation of their mothers.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

This study was conducted to estimate the amounts of the electromagnetic wave penetrating from a cellular phone in a pocket of dress shirt, as well as to test how different the penetration amounts were under the conditions of wearing. It was also investigated the possibilities that the amounts of the electromagnetic wave penetrating could be decreased by using twofold pocket or electromagnetic wave free fabric. The amounts of the electromagnetic wave penetrating were measured in the following five cases; one-layered pocket with 10 different fabrics as dress shirt, a pocket adding a layer of knitted cotton, two-layered pocket with same fabric as dress shirt, two-layered pocket adding a layer of knitted cotton, and one-layered pocket adding a layer of electromagnetic wave free fabric. Each of these five cases were measured using the front and back sides of a cellular phone facing to the body. The results were as follows; 1) The amounts of the electromagnetic wave penetrating were not significantly different in 10 different fabrics and were all above the caution range (0.02mW/$cm^2$). 2) The amounts of the electromagnetic wave penetrating in cases of the back side of the cellular phone to the body, were more than in cases of the front side. 3) There is a significantly differences in part on adding a knitted under wear to one and two layers of the pocket in the case of penetration amount under the wearing conditions. 4) The amounts of the electromagnetic wave penetrating in cases of adding a layer of electromagnetic wave free fabric, were close to the safe standard value of it. The above results suggested that facing the front side of cellular phone to the body and using extra layering with some electromagnetic wave free fabrics might have some protective effects again to the penetration amounts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.4 s.40
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• pp.417-430
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the level of seasonal adaptability of rural residents from a viewpoint of clothing weight. In this study, the 631 rural residents of both sexes and all generations were selected from 5 rural districts of Kyunggi, Kangwon, Chungnam, Chonnam and Kyungbuk province, and the survey on clothes worn by subjects carried out 4 times-once in each season-from 1989. 7 to 1990. 4. The clothing weight per a unit body surface area that is the index of clothing insulative value was calculated and the seasonal variations of clothing weight were investigated in each region, sex and age. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The clothing weight changed with the season and that increased in order of summer, autumn and spring, winter. But there was no significant difference between spring and autumn. 2. In general, the clothing weight of males was havier than that of females through out the year But the underwear clothing weight of males was lighter than that of females. 3. There were significant differences of clothing weight among age groups in the spring, autumn and winter and $14\~29$ age group had smallest clothing weight. Clothing weight increased with age above 29 years and decreased with age below 20 years. In the summer there was no significant di florence of clothing weight among age groups except that clothing weight of $14\~19$ age was significantly havier than the others. 4. The thermal sensation of the clothed body was comfortable in the spring, autumn and winter but that was warm in the summer. 5. The seasonal adaptability of rural adults from a viewpoint of clothing weight was relatively good but the children's clothing life had some problem because they wore too much.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.775-781
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• 2009

This study was to investigate the distribution of the garment pressure in daily wearing and in ordinary posture. Ninety-nine college women students majoring the fashion were participated for this study. IBP questionnaire, garment pressure, personal preferring pressure sensations(questionnaire), and subjective garment pressure sensations were measured. There were no significant differences between the data of 2003 and those of 2005. Participants preferred T-shirts and jeans and also preferred slightly fitted style to the loose style. They were classified with the high garment pressure group and the low garment pressure group. Garment pressure from lower garments were usually higher in the high garment pressure group than in the low garment pressure group. There was no significant differences in the upper garments weights between two groups. The lower garments weight of the high garment pressure group showed $533.3{\pm}182.11g/m^2$ and that of the low garment pressure group was $453.4{\pm}181.6g/m^2$. There was a significant difference in the lower garments weight between two groups(p<.01). In a standing posture, there were no significant differences among the distribution of garment pressure. There was a significant garment pressure differences between sitting on a chair and sitting on the floor(p<.001). Participants included in the low garment pressure group felt a higher garment pressure than participants included in the high garment pressure group.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.590-605
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate thermal environmental factors, thermal clothing properties, and thermal sensation of the office workers in four selected office buildings in Seoul, and to determine the effect of thermal environmental factors and clothing insulation to the thermal sensation of the subjects. The subjects selected from each office were 5 males and 5 females at a time. Thermal environmental factors(DBT, GT, RH, MRT, $ET^{\ast}$) and clothing variables such as clothing weight per body surface $area(g/m^2)$ and estimated clothing insulation values(clo) were significantly different among each seasons(p<0,001). Means of $ET^{\ast}$ and estimated clothing insulation values of each season were as follows; Winter; $20.84^{\circ}C$ $ET^{\ast}$ with 0.72 clo for male and 0.79 clo for female Spring and fall; $23.65^{\circ}C$ $ET^{\ast}$ with 0.59 clo for male and 0.68 clo for female Summer; $26.00^{\circ}C$ $ET^{\ast}$ with 0.47 clo for male and 0.53 clo for female. In comparison these data with ASHRAE Standard, the subjects were predicted to feel comfort-able in spring and fall, and slightly hot in summer and slightly cold in winter because of high and low clo respectively. But the result of this survey showed more than $80\%$ of the occupants were thermally comfortable at a given environmental temperature and clo.