• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2021

This study investigates the buying behavior pertaining to Japanese brands according to the degree of patriotism of consumers in their 20s. A survey of 235 university students was conducted; the survey questioned the basic purchasing attitudes of consumers in their 20s regarding outerwear and underwear and then surveyed the purchasing attitudes regarding U brand's (representative Japanese brand) outerwear and underwear. To detect the correlation between patriotism and U brand purchases, this study asked questions about patriotism and investigated basic personal information. The research results were as follows. First, there was a significant difference in consumer's purchasing attitude toward outerwear and underwear. When of consumers who are in their 20s purchase outerwear, its design was the most important factor, whereas when purchasing underwear, functionality was the most crucial factor. Second, it was confirmed that consumer's attitudes toward U brand's outerwear and underwear differed. Although the evaluation of U brand's outerwear design was not positive, the consumer tended to be satisfied with the price. U brand's score concerning the functionality of underwear products received a slightly positive response. Third, a total of 235 respondents were divided into a high- and low-patriotism-group based on questions about patriotism. There were significant differences in their attitudes toward clothing and consumer's purchasing behavior at U brand. Highly patriotic consumers thought negatively about U brand outerwear products in terms of price and product quality than low patriotic consumers; however, there was no significant difference only regarding design evaluation. For underwear products, low patriotic consumers were more positive about the price, design, and functionality of U brand products than high patriotic consumers.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.95-123
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• 2016

As Korean society grows rapidly older, a systematic analysis of the determinants of labor supply behavior among the elderly becomes a prerequisite for designing more effective senior employment policies and income security regime for the elderly. Literatures review shows that a majority of previous researches have been ignoring the problem of "endogenous predictor" especially when it comes to the estimation of the effects of the two key variables, education and non-labor income, on labor supply decisions among older people. They have failed to take into consideration the unobserved heterogeneities which might affect both labor supply decisions of the elderly and their levels of education and non-labor income, which means, according to some econometric literatures, that the estimated coefficients of the two predictors can be inconsistent. The paper tries to redress the endogeneity problem by employing a panel logit model with data from the 1st. to 4th. wave of the KLoSA(Korean Longitudinal Survey of Ageing) to estimate the effects of key predictors on the probability of getting jobs among older people(ages of 60 or older). Both a random effects and a fixed effects model reaffirms that non-labor income has a negative effect on the chances of being employed. And a random effects model shows that the effect of education is also negative, as has frequently been reported by previous studies. That means the effects of education and non-labor income on elderly employment remain negative after the effect of unobserved heterogeneities is controled for and the problem of endogenous predictors is redressed through an appropriate panel data analysis. These findings mean, in turn, that when Korean baby-boomers, who had acquired an unprecedentedly higher level of education and were expected to enjoy ever-larger amount of non-labor income than their preceding generations, retires in near future, their incentives to work will become much weaker and the lack of labor-force and the burden of financing increased public pension expenditure will become more troublesome. The paper concludes with recommending some policy initiatives helpful to solve these expected problems.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.161-196
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• 2018

The major object of this study is to analyze the political development of Myanmar's civilian government on the concept of defective democracy, and to investigate the main actors who delayed or stymied political development and their interrelation. In doing so, this study suggests the tasks required for political development overcoming the current political structure and behavior. The civilian government, which was launched in 2016, failed to achieve positive political development by following the behavior of military authoritarianism in terms of exercise of power and decision making structure. On the perspective of the government, delegative democracy and domain democracy have been strengthening since one person has taken over all political power and hesitate to take horizontal accountability for each power organizations. The military, which is responsible for national defence and security seeks illiberal democracy and exclusive democracy, keeping on an undemocratic constitution by the military and Burman ethnocentrism. The reasons why defective democracy has been occurred are that the lack of a group to run a democratic institutions and the limitation of power structure that fails to adhere to the principle of civilian control to the military due to long-term military rule. Therefore, there is a need for military's come back to barracks and transform the power structure to democratic of the civilian government which is tamed an authoritarian order for the political development in Myanmar. In order to achieve this, this study concludes that setting up a empowered democratic government is required.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.22-42
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of privacy concerns on the use of mobile payment services. In particular, paying attention to the multidimensionality of consumer innovation, we analyzed the effects of hierarchical logistic regression by gender. The results show that there is a positive (+) relationship for hedonic innovativeness regardless of gender, and that there is a negative (-) relationship for functional innovativeness overall and in the female group. In all groups regardless of gender, a positive (+) relationship was found for the hedonic innovativeness, and one negative (-) relationship was found in the functional innovativeness overall group and the female group. Second, in the male group, there is a moderating effect of privacy concerns and functional innovativeness. This suggests that the relationship between privacy concerns and the usage of mobile payment services may vary depending on functional innovativeness. This study is useful in that it can explain and predict consumers' patterns of use of new technology-based services in various and balanced ways by taking privacy concerns and multidimensional consumer innovation into consideration. In addition, it suggests that mobile payment companies should make efforts to ensure that their services are secure, useful, and fun to use so that consumers can feel confident using the services in various situations.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.103-132
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• 2020

By analyzing the characteristics and meaning of dystopia in Korean juvenile science fiction, this study aims to search for the principles of juvenile literature responding to the contradictions of scientific technologism in collusion with state capitalism, and to consider its limitations and significance. This study focuses on the juvenile science fiction in which children or teenagers fight against system dystopia functioning as a setting of the story. System dystopia consists of 'fake utopia' and 'concentration camps' holding those excluded from this 'fake utopia'. Young people whose right to life are violated under the system dystopia escape from concentration camps and fight against political power. We don't have many novels that have focused on environmental dystopia, but a nomadic subject is found in works set on Earth after environmental pollution or nuclear explosion. In short, juvenile dystopia science fiction deepens the contradictions of the hierarchical society based on scientific technologism, criticizing the repressive, material-oriented and differential educational realities of our society. They hope that children or teenagers will act as a resistance that sees through the deception and hypocrisy of the social system. These works are significant in that they expose the biopolitics strategy of political power in collusion with industrial capitalism and induce us to reflect on it. However, it seems to be the limit of humanism to equate human life with nature and to warn of dangers of technology, machinery, and material civilization as the counterpart. This paper has the significance of taking a general survey of juvenile dystopia science fiction since the 2000s, and revealing the writers' perception of scientific technologism and its limitations.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.58
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• pp.121-152
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• 2021

This study attempted to analyze the effect of the color series of artworks installed as environmental stimuli in commercial spaces on the satisfaction of visitors and the moderating effect of the relationship. To this end, based on the SOR model of Stimulate-Organism-Response applied to burial environment research in the field of environmental psychology, and the preceding research using the SOR model, artwork color series(S)-mood and spaace amenity(O)-A research framework for satisfaction(R) was developed. In the experiment, an online questionnaire was conducted for domestic college students and graduate students by producing images with two conditions depending on the case where warm colors and cold colors were installed for the color series of artworks. As a result of verifying the difference in satisfaction of respondents corresponding to the two conditions through regression analysis, it was found that the warm color(vs. cold color) of the artwork color series induces higher visitor satisfaction. In addition, as a result of verifying the controlling factors of mood and space amenity variables in this relationship of influence, a significant moderating effect was found when the positive mood of warm colors(vs. cold colors) in the artwork color series was felt higher than the average. And, of the four types of space amenity, it was found that a significant moderating effect appeared when only comfort and aesthetics were measured as moderating variables. The result of this study proves that the warm color series of artworks that stimulate the physical environment of commercial spaces has a more positive effect on the satisfaction of visitors than the cold color series, and this is reinforced by positive mood, comfort, and aesthetics. It adds understanding and provides useful implications for marketing strategies for building an effective spatial image.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.161-184
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a cardiopulmonary resuscitation training program for firefighters (FD-CPR) to help improve the survival rate after cardiac arrest on the fireground. Methods: The FD-CPR was developed following 3 steps of the FD-CPR instructional design based on the behaviorism theory. The content of the program was validated by a group of 7 experts using the contents validity index (CVI) and through a pilot-test. Results: A scenario consisting of 7 procedures, and a skill performance evaluation tool consisting of 16 questions were developed. The evaluation tool average score for the difficulty test was 41.16% (even) and that for the discrimination test was 0.32 (high). Subsequently, an 80 min training program was developed. As verified by the 7 experts through the CVI, it was as high as 1.0. Conclusion: The FD-CPR developed domestically for the first time in this study was effective in enhancing the CPR performance skills of the firefighters. If FD-CPR is added to the curriculum at the Fire Service Academy educational course for the new firefighters, the CPR performance skills could be maintained. Furthermore, the program can facilitate a better survival rate for colleagues having cardiac arrest on the field.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.262-272
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• 2021

The egg development and early life history of Tribolodon hakonensis that collected from the Seomjin River were studied. The fertilized eggs of the T. hakonensis were slightly adhesive and separated with a yellow yolk and no oil globule. The size of the eggs was an average of 2.89 mm (2.79~2.96) in diameter. Fifty percents of the embryos were hatched in about 63 hrs after fertilization at water temperature of 20℃. The newly hatched larvae showed average 6.92 mm (6.09~7.60) in total length. At 8 days after hatching, they were 13.75±0.67 mm (n=10) in total length and their yolk sacs were completely absorbed, opening mouth and anus (postflexion larvae stage). At 40 days after hatching, they became juvenile and reached 26.99±1.82 mm (n=10) in total length and all their fin rays were formed. At 137 days after hatching, the young fish were 72.63±10.7 mm (n=10) in total length and their body shape, color and behavior were similar to those of adult fish. The size of eggs and the larva after hatching significantly affected the initial growth among groups of genus Tribolodon, and the hatching time of fertilized eggs and the growth rate of the early life history according to the water temperate were different.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.121-151
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• 2021

This study aimed to identify the factors that helped and hindered secondary school teachers who experienced student suicide using the concept-mapping approach. Seven South Korean middle and high school teachers were interviewed from which 113 core statements were elicited. The participants sorted these core statements into categories by meaning. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were conducted to identify the underlying structure of the teachers' experiences. Four hindering factor clusters emerged: (1) regret over failing to prevent the suicide, (2) an apathetic atmosphere in the school, (3) a sense of helplessness related to suicide survivors, and (4) approach-avoidance conflicts related to suicide survivors. Six helpful factor clusters emerged: (1) cooperation and care offered between suicide survivors, (2) focusing on the present, busy life, (3) spiritual activity, (4) social support, (5) overcoming grief through altruistic behaviors, and (6) sympathy for the deceased. Two dimensions were found for both the hindering and helpful factors. The hindering factor dimensions were external system-internal experiences and related to suicide survivors-related to suicide decedents. The helpful factor dimensions were distancing from the loss-approaching the loss and professional activities-personal activities. The present study empirically explored and described the underlying structure of teachers' bereavement experiences after student suicides.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.217-230
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the diet intake status and quality of adults from North Korea who had lived in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, using the nutrition quotient (NQ) for Korean adults. Methods: A number of 166 adults aged from 20 to 64 years were enrolled as study subjects. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on their demographic characteristics, food consumption frequency, eating behaviors, and NQ. The NQ score was then used to measure the overall diet quality. The NQ score was composed of four major age-based categories. 'Balance', 'Diversity', 'Moderation', and 'Dietary behavior' were utilized as scores for measurements within each of the four categories. The scores for all four categories were summed up, resulting in the total NQ score. Participants' age groups were stratified by 20's, 30's, 40', and over 50's. A χ² test and generalized linear regression (GLM) model were used to assess a significance for difference of subject distribution in categorical and continuous variables in the food consumption frequency, eating behaviors, and NQ scores. Results: Participants in younger age groups were more likely to report consumption of ramyeon, fast food, sweet and greasy baked products, processed beverage, delivery food, and night snacks than the older age groups. Most importantly, participants in 20's age group were less likely to report the total NQ and moderation score than the 50's age group. Conclusion: In this study, the 20's age group displayed a lower NQ characteristic for an unbalanced diet. Therefore, it is imperative for adults from North Korea to be given individualized diet instructions along with nutritional education programs.