• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.582-588
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• 1995

A marine microorganism producing biosurfactant was isolated from the oil polluted coast of Chung-Mu in Korea, and was identified as Pseudomonas sp.. It produced the biosurfactanl and its optimum culture conditions for pH and salt concentration were 8.0 and 3.0%, respectively. The productivity of biosurfactant from this strain was affected by the nitrogen source used. For the oil resolvability of the biosurfactant, the residual oil in the culture broth with 2% Kuwait crude oil at each time of 48, 96, and 132hr was investigated by gas chromatography. As result of this experiment, it was verified that the biosurfactant acted on C10-C14, of Kuwait crude oil and so the oil was decomposed. The biosurfactant isolated from the supernatant was purified by adsorption to Amberliter XAD-7 and followed by gel chromatography (Sephadex G-100) and HPLC. The purified biosurfactant showed a high value of emulsifying activity at $40^{\circ}C$ and the emulsifying stability was maintained at the temperature range of $30^{\circ}C$∼$60^{\circ}C$. The purified biosurfactant reduced the interfacial tension of Kuwait crude oil remarkably and showed improved dispersing ability compared to those of commercial surfactants such as Tween 80, Tween 60 and SDS.

• Clean Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2009

In order to separate the fuel-grade DME from the product of a direct DME synthesise reaction, containing 19~20% of DME, an absorption column and a purification column were employed. In the DME absorption column, the flow rate of the methanol required to recover more than 99% of DME at 50 bar was estimated by the correlation obtained from the lab-scale experiments. In the DME purification column, the maximum DME recovery of 98.2% could be obtained even from the side stream at the 3rd stage above the feed stage, since the feed stream originated from the product of the absorption column had already contained a large amount of DME (20~30 mol%) and only a small amount of light products such as $CO_2$ and $N_2$ (5~10 mol%).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.263-275
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• 1986

Gulbi were processed by salting Yellow corvenia (Pseudosciaena manchurica) with in three ways: the dry salting method with bar salt, the dry salting method with purified salt or with the abdominal brine injection method with purified salt. The half of the sample was dried by the control system of temperature and humidity; the other part was dried by the natural condition. The moisture content of fresh Yellow corvenia muscle and eggs were 76.8%, and 68.2% while those of dried samples decreased to 57.7% and 45.3%, respectively. The total nitrogen content of fresh muscle and eggs were 11.0g% and 7.6g%, respectively (dry weight basis), which decreased slightly during salting and showed no significant changes during drying prosess. The protein nitrogen content of fresh muscle and eggs were 10.2g% and 7.5g%, which decreased during Gulbi processing. On the other hand, the nonprotein nitrogen content of both muscle and eggs increased. The content of free amino acids of fresh muscle and eggs were 508.8mg/100g and 1,110.6mg/100g, which increased to between 5.3 and 2.7 times, respectively after 25 days of drying. The composition patterns of free amino acids in muscle and eggs were similar to each other. The four amino acids - Ala, Glu, Lys and Leu - were most abundant in both fresh and dried samples. These amino acids are known as taste and flavour constituents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.1915-1923
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• 2013

The aim of this study is carried out to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and increased functionality when doenjang was prepared with bamboo salts. Grain type mejus were fermented with mixed starter cultures of Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactococcus lactis. These mejus were mixed with different kinds of salts-purified salt (PD), sea salt (SD), one-time baked bamboo salt ($1{\times}BD$), three-time baked bamboo salt ($3{\times}BD$), and nine-time baked bamboo salt ($9{\times}BD$)- when doenjangs were prepared. For doenjang fermentation period of 8 weeks at $37^{\circ}C$, the fermentation characteristics of all the groups were compared. The amino type nitrogen content and enzyme activities (protease and ${\alpha}$-amylase) in the samples were significantly increased. In DPPH radical scavenging activities and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, $9{\times}BD$ (47% and 69%) showed the highest scavenging activities compared to PD (40% and 49%), SD (42% and 57%), $1{\times}BD$ (42% and 64%) and $3{\times}BD$ (45% and 65%) (P<0.05). The anticancer effects of doenjang in HT-29 cancer cells indicated all the groups, especially doenjang prepared with bamboo salts were higher than the others (P<0.05). Apoptosis related genes of Bax and Bcl-2, as well as inflammation related genes of iNOS and COX-2 were regulated by the treatment of doenjangs in HT-29 cancer cells. SD, $1{\times}BD$, $3{\times}BD$, and $9{\times}BD$ increased the expression level of Bax and decreased the expression level of Bcl-2, iNOS, and COX-2. These results suggest that sea salt and bamboo salt especially bamboo salt could improve fermentation characteristics and functionality of doenjang and play an important role in regulating apoptosis and inflammation related genes in cancer cells.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.201-207
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• 2013

When hot weather concrete is utilized, the cooling methods of cooling pipe, liquid nitrogen, ice, etc., are used to prevent the poor consistency and cold joint due to high temperature. These methods, however, spike the production cost and energy consumption, and make quality control difficult. Among these methods is one that involves the use of a retarder. Although economical, retarder is caused difficulty of retarded hardening and setting time control due to inaccurate weighing and poor working condition. Therefore, how to make a tablet for hot weather concrete, as with the existing pharmacy and foods, is discussed in this study, including the following items: mortar setting time, flow test by elapsed time, physical and mechanical properties of concrete. As a result, gluconic acid is superior to lignosulfonic acid and the possibility of using them for such purpose without quality degradation was confirmed in this study, when retarder is tabletting.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 1999

We have investigated industrial media for lactic acid fermentation to reduce the cost of nitrogen sources. Corn steep liquor (CSL) was successfully used at 5% (v/v) in batch fermentations. Use of soluble CSL improved the productivity about 20% with an advantage of clearer fermentation broth. Yeast extract-complemented CSL improved the productivity about 20% with an advantage of clearer fermentation broth. Yeast extract-complemented CSL media further increased the increased the productivity. It was found that 3.1 g/L yeast extract and 5% CSL could be an effective substitute for 15 g/L yeast extract in 10% glucose medium. Brewing yeast was also used as a sole nitrogen source equivalent to 5% CSL. A continuous culture coupled with cell-recycle by microfiltration at the dilution rate of 0.05-0.065 h-1 led to the highest lactic acid productivity. Lactic acid was recovered by electrodialysis from the cell free broth. Depleted cell free broth supplemented with 5-10 g/L of yeast extract performed reasonably in batch and continuous cultures. Reuse of the fermentation broth may reduce the cost of raw materials as well as minimize the fermentation wastes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 1985

This study was carried out to obtain an information for the nutritional value of loach Misgurnus mizolepis, as proximate compositions, contribution of nitrogen, amino acids, three lipid classes and their fatty acid compositions. In total nitrogen contents, protein-N was 81.3% and free amino-N was 15.2%. In amino acid compositions of loach, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and aspartic acid were the main amino acids in quantity. Total lipids of loach consisted of 57.85% of neutral lipids, 15.95% of glycolipids and 26.20.% of phospholipids. In the neutral lipids, the major fatty acids were palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid and oleic acid. The fatty acid composition in the glycolipids was similar to the pattern in tho neutral lipid, but phospholipids contained higher contents of palmitic acid, oleic acid and arachidonic acid than other lipid classes.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.210-218
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• 1987

In the previous report, we isolated and purified one of tendering enzyme 'ficin' from fig latex. In this study, various crude ficin concentrations and reaction time were employed to investigate the contents of free amino acids and other free nitrogen compounds after the treated with beef round muscle. 1. Free amino acids contents increased with the increase of temperature and time during the aging of beef at $1^{\circ}C$ and $8^{\circ}C$, and the increasing rate was remarkably high when fresh beef was treated with ficin. In the case of ficin treatment after various cooking, steaming showed the highest increase in free amino acid contents among three cooking methods such as boiling, steaming and pan broiling. The increased amounts of free amino acids in three groups-aging beef at $1^{\circ}C$ for 3 days, fresh beef treated with ficin(0.1%, 2hrs) and beef treated with ficin(0.1%, 2hrs) after cooking were 13%, 293% and 137% respectively. In contrast to aging group, the amount of free amino acids in other two groups treated with ficin was superiorly increased. 2. The amounts of total free nitrogen, free non-protein nitrogen and $NH_3-nitrogen$ increased with the increase of temperature and time during the aging of beef at $1^{\circ}C$ and $8^{\circ}C$, and the increasing rate was remarkably high in fresh beef treated with ficin. In the case of ficin treatment after cooking, steaming gave larger amount of total and non-protein nitrogen than other two cooking, e.g. boiling and panbroiling. The increasing rate of nonprotein nitrogen to the total nitrogen of fresh beef treated with ficin(0.1%, 2hrs) was 75 times greater than that of aging fresh beef at $1^{\circ}C$ for 3 days.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 1990

An antitumor antibiotic named B-1123 substance was isolated from the culture filtrate of a new isolate fungus identified as Aspergillus terreus. The fermentation yield reached about 23 mg per liter of the broth. The B-1123 substance, chlorine containing antibiotic, has the molecular formular of $C_{17}H_{12}0_7C_{12}$. Its structure was determined to be geodin by spectroscopic data. It is active against some Gram-positive bacteria and it prolongs the life span of mice inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.142-142
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• 1993

생쥐에서 sulfotransferase 생산 군주를 검색한 결과 호기성균보다 혐기성균이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 것은 전번 보고와 일치한다. 황산전이효소 생산 균주 검색용 배지에서 형광을 나타내는 호기성 균주를 분리하여 K-12라 명하였다. 동정한 결과 K-12균주는 그람 음성으로 운동성이 없는 통성혐기성 균주인 Haemophilus sp.로 사료된다. 이 균주의 황산전이효소 생산성은 공여체 기질만을 배지에 첨가했을때 가장 높은 생산성을 보였다. 탄소원으로는 sucrose와 lactose를 사용했을때 가장 높은 효소유도를 보였으며, 질소원으로는 yeast extract, peptone이 우수하였다. 배양최적 pH는 7부근이었으며 온도는 37$^{\circ}C$가 가장 좋았다. 금속이온으로는 $Mg^{2＋}$이 우수했다. 최적 배지 10 L에 K-12 균주를 배양하여, 집균 초음파 처리, 원심분리한 상등액을 70% ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography 2회, Sephcryl S-300 superfine column chromatography를 행한 결과 specific activity가 0.267 $\mu$mole/min/mg protein인 효소를 부분 정제하였다.