Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.12.1915

Fermentation Characteristics and Increased Functionality of Doenjang Prepared with Bamboo Salt  

Jeong, Min-Woo (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University)
Jeong, Ji-Kang (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University)
Kim, Sin-Jeong (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University)
Park, Kun-Young (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.42, no.12, 2013 , pp. 1915-1923 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study is carried out to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and increased functionality when doenjang was prepared with bamboo salts. Grain type mejus were fermented with mixed starter cultures of Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactococcus lactis. These mejus were mixed with different kinds of salts-purified salt (PD), sea salt (SD), one-time baked bamboo salt ($1{\times}BD$), three-time baked bamboo salt ($3{\times}BD$), and nine-time baked bamboo salt ($9{\times}BD$)- when doenjangs were prepared. For doenjang fermentation period of 8 weeks at $37^{\circ}C$, the fermentation characteristics of all the groups were compared. The amino type nitrogen content and enzyme activities (protease and ${\alpha}$-amylase) in the samples were significantly increased. In DPPH radical scavenging activities and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, $9{\times}BD$ (47% and 69%) showed the highest scavenging activities compared to PD (40% and 49%), SD (42% and 57%), $1{\times}BD$ (42% and 64%) and $3{\times}BD$ (45% and 65%) (P<0.05). The anticancer effects of doenjang in HT-29 cancer cells indicated all the groups, especially doenjang prepared with bamboo salts were higher than the others (P<0.05). Apoptosis related genes of Bax and Bcl-2, as well as inflammation related genes of iNOS and COX-2 were regulated by the treatment of doenjangs in HT-29 cancer cells. SD, $1{\times}BD$, $3{\times}BD$, and $9{\times}BD$ increased the expression level of Bax and decreased the expression level of Bcl-2, iNOS, and COX-2. These results suggest that sea salt and bamboo salt especially bamboo salt could improve fermentation characteristics and functionality of doenjang and play an important role in regulating apoptosis and inflammation related genes in cancer cells.
Keywords
bamboo salt; sea salt; mixed starter doenjang; anticancer effect; apoptosis;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 10  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim MJ, Lee HS. 1990. Studies on the changes of taste compounds during soy paste fermentation. Korean J Soc Food Sci 6: 1-8.   과학기술학회마을
2 Shon DH, Lee KA, Kim SH, Ahn CW, Nam HS, Lee HJ, Shin JI. 1996. Screening of antithrombotic peptides from soybean paste by the microplate method. Korean J Food Sci Technol 28: 684-688.   과학기술학회마을
3 Sohn HS, Lee YS, Shin HC, Chung HK. 2000. Recent research for physiological mechanism of soybean in preventing and treating chronic diseases. Korea Soybean Digest 17: 37-60.
4 Kim YS, Rhee CH, Park HD. 2001. Isolation and characterization of a bacterium from Korean soy paste Doenjang producing inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme. Korean J Food Sci Technol 33: 84-88.   과학기술학회마을
5 Choi SY, Cheigh MJ, Lee JJ, Kim HJ, Hong SS, Chung KS, Lee BK. 1999. Growth suppression effect of traditional fermented soybean paste (doenjang) on the various tumor cells. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 28: 458-463.   과학기술학회마을
6 Lim SY, Rhee SH, Park KY. 2004. Inhibitory effect of methanol extract of doenjang on growth and DNA synthesis of human cancer cells. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 936-940.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Lee JH, Kim MH, Lim SS. 1991. Antioxidative materials in domestic Meju and Doenjang. 1. Lipid oxidation and browning during fermentation of Meju and Doenjang. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 20: 148-155.   과학기술학회마을
8 Lee MJ, Kim HD, Park JW, Kim DS. 1992. Comparison of the antioxidant activity of melanoidin with commercial antioxidants and their synergistic effects. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 21: 686-692.   과학기술학회마을
9 Joo HK, Kim ND, Yoon KS. 1989. Changes of enzymatic activities during the fermentation of soybean-soypaste by Aspergillus spp. J Korean Agric Chem Soc 32: 295-302.   과학기술학회마을
10 Jeong JK. 2012. Improvement of quality and probiotic effect of meju and doenjang prepared with mixed starter cultures. PhD Dissertation. Pusan National University, Busan, Korea. p 126-140.
11 Heo OS, Oh SH, Shin HS, Kim MR. 2005. Mineral and heavy metal contents of salt and salted-fermented shrimp. Korean J Food Sci Technol 37: 519-524.   과학기술학회마을
12 Kim YH, Ryu HI. 2003. Elements in a bamboo salt and comparison of its elemental contents with those in other salts. Yakhak Hoeji 47: 135-141.
13 Park BJ, Jang KS, Kim DH, Yook HS, Byun MW. 2002. Changes of microbiological and physicochemical characterisitics of Doenjang prepared with low salt content and gamma irradiation. Korean J Food Sci Technol 34: 79-84.
14 Kim SH, Kim SJ, Kim BH, Kang SG, Jung ST. 2000. Fermentation of doenjang prepared with sea salts. Korean J Food Sci Technol 32: 1365-1370.   과학기술학회마을
15 Ha JO, Park KY. 1998. Comparison of mineral contents and external structure of various salts. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 27: 413-418.
16 Zhao X, Jung OS, Park KY. 2012. Alkaline and antioxidant effects of bamboo salt. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 41: 1301-1304.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Park SJ, Park KY, Jun HK. 2001. Effects of commercial salts on the growth of kimchi-related microorganisms. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 806-813.   과학기술학회마을
18 Hwang KM, Oh SH, Park KY. 2007. Increased antimutagenic and in vitro anticancer effects by adding green tea extract and bamboo salt during doenjang fermentation. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36: 1-7.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Hwang KM. 2004. Studies on the enhancement of chemopreventive and anticancer effects of doenjang. PhD Dissertation. Pusan National University, Busan, Korea. p 199-202.
20 Im CM, Kwon SH, Bae MS, Jung KO, Moon SH, Park KY. 2006. Characteristics and increased antimutagenic effect of black soybean (Var. Seoritae) chungkukjang. Cancer Prevention Res 11: 218-224.
21 Blois MS. 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181: 1199-1200.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Park SK, Seo KI, Shon MY, Moon JS, Lee YH. 2000. Quality characteristics of home-made doenjang, a traditional Korean soybean paste. Korean J Soc Food Sci 16: 121-127.   과학기술학회마을
23 Lee JS, Kwon SJ, Chung SW, Choi YJ, Yoo JY, Chung DH. 1996. Changes of microorganisms, enzyme activities and major components during the fermentation of Korean traditional Deonjang and Kochujang. Korean J Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 24: 247-253.
24 Kim HG. 2010. Sensory characteristics and consumer acceptability of fermented soybean paste (Doenjang) products. MS Thesis. Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. p 21-22.
25 Chung SK, Osawa T, Kawakishi S. 1997. Hydroxyl radical-scavenging effects of spices and scavengers from brown mustard (Brassica nigra). Biosci Biotech Biochem 61: 118-123.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Park KT, Kim MY, Chun SS. 2009. Quality characteristics of Korean wheat wet noodles with pomegranate cortex powder. Korean J Culin Res 15: 128-136.   과학기술학회마을
27 Bak SS, Kong CS, Rhee SH, Rho CW, Kim NK, Choi KL, Park KY. 2007. Effect of sulfur enriched young radish kimchi on the induction of apoptosis in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. J Food Sci Nutr 12: 79-83.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Kim EY, Rhyu MR. 2000. The chemical properties of doenjang prepared by Monascus koji. Korean J Food Sci Technol 32: 1114-1121.   과학기술학회마을
29 Lee KY, Cho SH. 2003. Effect of the combined fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus natto on the quality improvement of doenjang meju. J Agric & Life Sci 37: 9-21.
30 Rhee CH, Lee JB, Jang SM. 2000. Changes of microorganism, enzyme activity and physiological functionality in the traditional deonjang with various concentrations of Lentinus edodes during fermentation. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 43: 277-284.   과학기술학회마을
31 Kim JY. 2007. Isolation and characterization of an alkaline protease produced by Bacillus subtilis JK-1. Korean J Microbiol 43: 331-336.   과학기술학회마을
32 Vallee BL, Stein EA, Sumerwell WN, Fischer EH. 1959. Metal content of α-amylases of various origins. J Biol Chem 234: 2901-2905.
33 Kim JM, Shin MK, Hwang HS, Kim HT. 1990. Effects of salting process on ascorbic acid contents, α-amylase activity, seasoning penetration and microbial counts of radish cubes for Kakdugi. Korean J Food Sci Technol 22: 492-495.   과학기술학회마을
34 Zhao X, Kim SH, Qi Y, Kim SY, Park KY. 2012. Effects of different kinds of salt in the comutagenicity and growth of cancer cells. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 41: 26-32.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Kim MH, Im SS, Yoo YB, Kim GE, Lee JH. 1994. Antioxidative materials in domestic-Meju and doenjang. 4. Separation of phenolic compounds and their antioxidative activity. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 23: 792-798.   과학기술학회마을
36 Kitada M, Igarashi K, Hirose S, Kitagwa H. 1979. Inhibition by polyamines of lipid peroxide formation in rat liver microsomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 87: 388-394.   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Paoluzzi L, O'Connor OA. 2010. Targeting survival pathways in lymphoma. Adv Exp Med Biol 687: 79-96.   DOI
38 Shon MY, Lee J, Choi JH, Choi SY, Nam SH, Seo KI, Lee SW, Sung NJ, Park SK. 2007. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol extract of chungkukjang. J Food Comps Anal 20: 113-118.   DOI   ScienceOn
39 Lee SM, Chang HC. 2009. Growth-inhibitory effect of the solar salt-Doenjang on cancer cells, AGS and HT-29. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 1664-1671.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Yoon HH, Kim IC, Chang HC. 2012. Growth inhibitory effects of doenjang, prepared with various solar salts on cancer cells. Korean J Food Preserv 19: 278-286.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Korsmeyer SJ. 1995. Regulators of cell death. Trends Genet 11: 101-105.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Debatin KM. 2004. Apoptosis pathways in cancer and cancer therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 53: 153-159.   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Cianchi F, Perna F, Masini E. 2005. iNOS/COX-2 pathway interaction: a good molecular target for cancer treatment. Current Enzyme Inhibition 1: 97-105.   DOI
44 Kumar M, Kumar S, Kaur S. 2012. Role of ROS and COX-2/iNOS inhibition in cancer chemoprevention: a review. Phytochem Rev 11: 309-337.   DOI
45 Einspahr JG, Krouse RS, Yochim JM, Danenberg PV, Danenberg KD, Bhattacharyya AK, Martínez ME, Alberts DS. 2003. Association between cyclooxygenase expression and colorectal adenoma characteristics. Cancer Res 63: 3891-3893.
46 Salvemini D, Settle SL, Masferrer JL, Seibert K, Currie MG, Needleman P. 1995. Regulation of prostaglandin production by nitric oxide; an in vivo analysis. Br J Pharmacol 114: 1171-1178.   DOI   ScienceOn
47 Watanabe K, Kawamori T, Nakatsugi S, Wakabayashi K. 2000. COX-2 and iNOS, good targets for chemoprevention of colon cancer. Biofactors 12: 129-133.   DOI