• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2010

The majority of chronic gingival ulcerative lesions are known to be due to autoimmune disease such as oral lichen planus, benign mucous membrane pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris. Topical or systemic corticosteroids are mainly used and adjuvant drugs like immunosuppressant, anti-inflammatory drugs, antimalarials or antimetabolites can also be prescribed. Because systemic corticosteroids causes various side effects, such as gastrointestinal disturbance, osteoporosis, diabetes or adrenal suppression. So, topical steroid therapy is main treatment for chronic gingival ulcerative lesion confined to small area. However, there's also limitation of topical corticosteroids. The effect of the corticosteroids decreases due to salivary flow and the movement of the tongue, lips, or buccal mucosa. When the lesions are widely distributed or positioned deeply in oral cavity, it is hard to apply the medication on patients' own. Moreover, it can be applied to unaffected mucosa. Although occlusive steroid therapy using stent was reported to minimize taking steroid and overcome the faults of applying topical steroids, it has been used less frequently in the clinical field. Therefore, this report is going to find out the usefulness and the way to utilize clinically through the case which acted satisfactorily by performing topical steroid therapy using stent on chronic ulcerative gingival lesions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.462-470
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• 2015

This study examined for which socio-economic difference effects on brain function and Problem behavior syndrome in children. About a children with no disorders, diseases or cognitive dysfunction-30 were from LIC children and another 30, from MC ones, the study was conducted by measuring and analyzing the data using brain function analysis and K-CBCL from January to April, 2013. The results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the ratio of LIC's theta(${\Theta}$) and SMR waves and that of delta(${\delta}$), high beta(${\beta}h$), alpha(${\alpha}$) and low beta(${\beta}l$) waves showed significantly higher values than MC children. Second, concerning the symptoms of child behavioral problems, LIC showed significantly higher values than MC children in symptoms of the body, depression and anxiety, social immaturity, thinking problems, attention problems, aggression, internalization, externalization, overall behavioral problems, and emotional instability. MC children showed significantly higher values than LIC chidren in symptoms of social, academic-performance, total social skills. In conclusion, the significant difference of the brain functions and the symptoms of child behavioral problems between LIC and MC children showed that the socio-ecnomic difference has an influence on the same functions and symptoms above.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.296-303
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• 2016

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of hemoglobin (Hb) on bone mineral density (BMD) in university students by performing a quantitative analysis. The subjects included healthy university students aged 20 to 30 years. Although osteoporosis has traditionally been considered as a disease of aging women, it is becoming an increasingly concerning male health problem. Diagnosis of osteoporosis is calculated with a quantitative assessment of BMD. Laboratory blood and urine tests are mainly used with low BMD or fragility fractures to identify any possible causes of bone metabolism disorders. In this study, there was no difference in BMD according to gender. The average red blood cell (RBC), Hb, and Hematocrit (HCT) were significantly higher in males (p<0.01). The correlation between lumbar spine, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) was statistically significant (p<0.01). Hb showed a 51.7% statistical influence on BMD by multiple regression analysis. These findings are useful to understand the relationship between BMD and Hb; lower Hb level is associated with lower BMD. The Hb level was the strongest predictor of abnormal BMD. In conclusion, this study showed that a low Hb value was significantly correlated with low bone mass, suggesting that a low Hb value is a risk factor for changes in bone turnover that leads to a decrease bone density.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-151
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• 2003

This study compared the effect of Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lenses on binocular vision by assessing visual acuity, stereopsis, and visual evoked potential(VEP), through Polaroid$^{(R)}$, CR 39 and sunglass lenses. The spectral absorptions of Polaroid$^{(R)}$, CR 39 and sunglass lenses were measured using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi. U-3501). The VEP were recorded by the Nicolet system. Thirty normal adult(fifteen males, fifteen females, mean=21.9 years, range=20 to 25) subjects were recorded. The subjects were provided a history including : general health, family health, medication, genetics, allergy and disease. All had normal or corrected to normal acuity with no history of visual disorders. Corrected visual acuity, colour vision and stereopsis were recorded for each subject monocularly and binocularly. Each test was repealed through the sunglass, CR 39, and Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lenses. Subjects viewed the VEP stimulus both monocularly and binocularly through the test lenses while the VEPs were recorded. The results suggest that the binocular visual acuity and stereoacuity is better than with monocular vision. On other hand, the analysis of VEP suggests that the amplitude of wave is smaller when the monocular eye receives the VEP stimulus compared with that when the binocular eye is stimulated by the VEP target with the sunglass, CR 39, and Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lens. But, the latency period of each eye was similar to results between the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye by the CR 39, sunglass, and polaroid lens. In conclusion, this study indicates that the binocular vision appears to be better through the brown Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lens than through the other test lenses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.234-242
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• 2013

In 2007, Long-Term Care Insurance Law was enacted to share the family burden of caring for the elderly who are unable to perform every day living activities due to their old age and chronic diseases such as senile dementia, diabetes mellitus, stroke and more. Backed by this law, since 2008, care workers have been sent to the elderly care centers or each elder's home to help them not only with their recovery from illnesses, but also with general activities from dressing, eating, bathing, walking even to toileting. However, according to the recently released survey by National Human Rights Commission, it has been found that the caring workers are in a very poor working condition including low income, abused blanket wage system, shortage of welfare services, extra works and even sexual harrassment. It is becoming an important issue due to fast-ageing population, the fact that the care workers have had experiences of violation in their right of labor while they are at work needs to be carefully treated. In that sense, this article presents some difficulties the caring workers face and proposes effective ways to solve these problems through the perspective of human rights and human labor rights based on the report written by National Human Rights Commission. In short, for this law to function properly and to boost the worker's capability of providing better services to beneficiaries, followings can be good answers - enhanced management and supervision on caring plans and care centers, providing immediate counselling and protection for victimized care givers, training courses offered to promote service receiver's sincere respect and strengthened awareness upon care givers.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.561-572
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to evaluate a feed additives used mainly in lactating cow diets in transient pregrent cow diets. The study was conducted as a completely randomized design with forty Holstein pregnant cows to determine the effect of feeding Aspergillus oryzae(T2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixture(T3) and enzyme(cellulase, xylanase) - releasing chemicals(ERC) (T4) on the dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition and metabolic disorders. Dry matter intake was similar among treatments for 3 weeks prepartum but cows fed enzyme tended to increased feed intake compared to no additives treatment both in calving day and for 3 weeks postpartum. Cows fed Aspergillus oryzae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and ERC produced more milk than those fed no additives. However, there is no significant difference among treatments. Concentration of glucose was not significantly different among treatment prepartum but that in plasma of cows fed ERC was higher at calving and 3 weeks postpartum compared to others. Increase in NEFA began at 3 weeks prepartum and accelerate during the final 7 days before calving at all treatments but lower for ERC-treated cows at calving and 3 weeks postpartum. Ca concentration not different among treatment prepartum and postpartum. Corticoid content decreased significantly for cows fed ERC compared to those fed non-additives. Metabolic disorder was not occurred in cows fed ERC. However, ketosis and displased abomasum were happened 1 cow when fed non-additives, metritis 1 cow when fed Aspergillus oryzae and retained placenta 1 cow in all treatments except cows fed ERC.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.389-397
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and related risk factors of problem drinking in the Korean adult population. Participants (n=7,867) aged 19 years or older were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [KNHANES] of 2007-2008. Sociodemographic characteristics and AUDIT score were obtained from the KNHANES dataset. AUDIT scores were categorized into three groups, including low risk, intermediate risk, and high-risk alcohol drinking according to WHO guidelines. In this study, the prevalence of high-risk and intermediate-risk alcohol drinking were 12.2% and 21.0%, respectively. Adjusted mean AUDIT score was higher in men, younger individuals, as well as those with lower education levels and those that smoked. Results revealed that demographic variables, including sex, age, education level, and smoking, were important factors affected high-risk drinking. In particular, since smoking was the most significant risk factor, the adjusted odds ratio for high-risk drinking among participants that smoked was 4.78 [(95% confidence interval (CI)=3.75-6.10, p<.0001)]. This study suggests that men, younger age, low educational level, and smoking are the risk factors for a high-risk alcohol drinking.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.111-132
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• 2001

Depression in the medically ill is a common clinical problem that primary physicians and psychiatric consultants encounter. Treatment of such patients begins with a careful evaluation of the patient's medical and psychiatric conditions. The assessment of depression in the medical patients requires a multidimensional approach. Psychological instruments are also used as a method of assessment in these patients. First of all, what the therapists have to do is to find and remove organic causes. Psychosoical treatment includes dealing with the patient's resistance and despondency relevant to physical diseases. For biological treatment, it is important to select appropriate antidepressants. Therapists should be familiar with the side effects of the antidepressants as well as the patient's primary depressive symptoms, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the available agents. In addition, special attention should be paid to the potential for drug-illness and drug-drug interactions. Tricyclic antidepressants can be still effectively used for patients with pain disorder, although a variety of new antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), bupropion and venlafaxine could have more benefits in depression of the medically ill. However, electroconvulsive therapy can be recommended for refractory cases of depression in patients with medical illness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.420-427
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify association between total sleep time and suicidal ideation in adults with mental problems and without. The data were derived from the fifth Korea national health and nutrition examination survey and analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 software package considering complex samples analysis. The subjects were 6,199 adults. The rate of suicidal ideation was 13.7% (880 people). 13.3% (846 people) of the subjects had experienced depression and out of whom 43.1% (329 people) have had suicidal ideation. 2.7% (164 people) of the subject had received the mental health counseling, and out of whom 40.2% (63 people) have had suicidal ideation. Comparing to group having sleep over 6 hours of more, the group of short sleep had 1.33 times high risk of suicidal ideation among general adults, 1.92 times high risk of suicidal ideation among group who had experienced depression and, 7.10 times high risk of suicidal ideation among group who had received the mental health counseling. Therefore, these results indicate that general adults with short sleep time as well as adults with depression or mental health problems have to be managed to prevent suicide.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.265-270
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• 2000

Occasionally, apoplexy is caused by functional or physiologic cardiopulmonary abnormality. In addition, theses may become the factor of aggravating apoplexy and involve complication. If patient has cardiopulmonary disease, progressing of apoplexy is commonly used to be accelerate and prognosis is deteriorative. There by the patient who has cardiopulmonary disease, should be particularly treated for cardiopulmonary disease. We got good result, during treat Soeumin cerebral vascular infarction patient who has pulmonary edema leaded from congestive heart failure, with Sasang Constitutional treatment. Therefore I reported them here. She was 68 years old, female patient. She visited our hospital for apoplexy with right side hemiparesis, dysphagia, dysphasia. After her admission into our hospital, we knew that she has congestive heart failure. The diagnosis is established. She presented with severe general edema and pulmonary edema. Although Soeumin edema usually classified as Taiyin Disease, we classified this as Shaoyin Disease, through diet, discharge, sleep, tongue and symptoms. We has prescribed Gungguichongsoyijung-tang(芎歸蔥蘇理中湯) in accordance with the principle of invigorating the Spleen and lower Yin(建碑而降陰). And her symptoms has improved.