• Title/Summary/Keyword: 진피

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Antioxidant Activities of Citrus unshiu Extracts obtained from Different Solvents (추출용매에 따른 진피 추출물의 항산화 활성)

  • Lee, Sung-Gu;Oh, Sung-Cheon;Jang, Jae-Seon
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.458-464
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    • 2015
  • In this study, the total polyphenol content, electron donating ability (EDA) and inhibitory activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) of freeze-dried Citrus unshiu extracts were examined. The Citrus unshiu extracts was obtained from four solvents such as ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl chloride and methanol, to evaluate its functional properties. Total polyphenol contents were measured in the two different extracts, and the extracts were screened for their potential antioxidant activities using tests such as electron donating ability (EDA), glutathione S-transferase (GST). The total polyphenol contents of Citrus unshiu extracts were $928.48{\pm}1.19{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in ethyl acetate (EA), $886.03{\pm}0.44{\mu}g\;RE/mL$ in acetone (AC), $413.08{\pm}1.39{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in methylene chloride (MC), $12,648.60{\pm}0.56{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in methanol (MeOH), respectively. Also, the total polyphenol contents of EtOH Citrus unshiu extracts were $664.64{\pm}0.74{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in EA, $702.67{\pm}0.85{\mu}g\;RE/mL$ in AC, $429.64{\pm}0.61{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in MC, $16,108{\pm}0.73{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in MeOH, respectively. The total polyphenol contents were significantly difference (p<0.05) between the solvents. The electron donating ability of Citrus unshiu extracts were $62.80{\pm}0.36%$ in EA, $97.43{\pm}0.51%$ in AC, $52.20{\pm}0.30%$ in MC, $97.63{\pm}0.46%$ in MeOH, respectively. Also, the electron donating ability of EtOH Citrus unshiu extracts were $51.49{\pm}0.26%$ in EA, $63.17{\pm}0.31%$ in AC, $67.68{\pm}0.55%$ in MC, $96.18{\pm}0.41%$ in MA, respectively. The electron donating ability were significantly difference (p<0.05) between the solvents. The inhibitory activity of glutathione S-transferase in Citrus unshiu extracts were $76.22{\pm}0.65%$ in EA, $31.73{\pm}0.48%$ in MC, $97.48{\pm}0.56%$ in MeOH, respectively. Also, inhibitory activity of glutathione S-transferase in EtOH Citrus unshiu extracts were $75.54{\pm}0.55%$ in EA, $73.53{\pm}0.38%$ in MC, $48.70{\pm}0.46%$ in MeOH, respectively. The inhibitory activity of glutathione S-transferase were significantly difference (p<0.05) between the solvents. These results indicated that the Citrus unshiu extracts is a high-valued food ingredient and the extraction with methanol will be useful as a nutritional source with natural antioxidant activities. Considering high consumer demand beneficial health effects, Citrus unshiu extracts can be utilized to develop functional food health- promoting and natural antioxidant agents.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Citrus Unshiu (진피(陳皮)의 염증 억제 효과)

  • Park, Seong-Heak;Yun, Sang-Hak;Kwon, Young-Mi;Yeom, Seung-Ryong;Kwon, Young-Dal;Shin, Byung-Cheul
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.25-37
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    • 2005
  • 목적 : 진피(Citus Unshiu, CU)는 실험적으로 항산화, 항알러지, 항종양 효과 등이 있다고 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비만세포에서 PMA와 A23187에 의하여 유도된 싸이토카인의 증가에 대한 진피 추출물의 억제 효과와 그 기전을 알아보고자 한다. 방법 : PMA+A23187에 의한 싸이토카인 생성에 대한 진피 추출물의 억제효과 기전을 조사하기 위하여 진피를 처리한 후 $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-8, $TNF-{\alpha}$의 생산 및 혈관내피성장인자 (VEGF), 과립구 대식구 군집 자극 인자 (GM-CSF), 저산소 유도 인자(HIF-1)의 발현을 조사하였다. 결과 : 실험에서 PMA와 A23187을 처리한 경우 대조군에 비하여 $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-8, $TNF-{\alpha}$의 생산을 유의하게 증가시켰으나 진피 추출물을 처리한 군에서는 유의하게 억제되었다. 특히 $IL-1{\beta}$의 생성은 $103.7{\pm}5%$, IL-8 생성은 $34.6{\pm}7%$, $TNF-{\alpha}$의 생성은 $85.9{\pm}4.5%$ 억제되었다. (P<0.05). 또한 진피 추출물은 PMA와 A23187에 의하여 증가한 VEGF, GM-CSF, $HIF-1{\alpha}$의 발현 증가를 억제하였다 (약 90.9%의 VEGF, 61.6%의 GM-CSF). 결론 : 이러한 결과는 진피가 염증반응에 대한 HIF-1의 억제자로 작용할 수 있으면, 진피가 비만세포 매개성 염증 질환 치료제의 후보 물질이 될 것으로 사료된다.

Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Yanggaeng Incorporated with Orange Peel Powder (진피 분말을 첨가한 양갱의 품질 및 항산화 활성)

  • Choi, Ju Yeon;Lee, Jun Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.470-474
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    • 2015
  • The feasibility of incorporating orange peel powder (OPP) as a value-added food ingredient into convenient food products, was investigated using yanggaeng as a model system. OPP was incorporated into yanggaeng at amounts of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12% (w/w) based on total weight of cooked white beans and OPP. pH decreased significantly with increasing levels of OPP (P<0.05), and moisture content was ranged from 46.28% to 47.87%. In terms of color, lightness, redness, and yellowness increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing levels of OPP. Hardness increased significantly when OPP content was higher than 6% in the formulation (P<0.05). Total polyphenol content and 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity were significantly increased by addition of OPP in the formulation (P<0.05). Finally, consumer acceptance test indicated that the highest levels of OPP incorporation (12%, w/w) had an adverse effect on general consumer preferences. In contrast, yanggaeng with moderate levels of OPP (3~6%, w/w) is recommended (with respect to overall preference score) to take advantage of the antioxidant properties of OPP without sacrificing consumer acceptability.

Correlation Between Skin Roughness and Dermal Density of Skin Wrinkle Evaluation (피부 주름 평가에 있어서의 피부 거칠기와 진피 치밀도의 상관성 연구)

  • Lee, Hee-Kyung;Back, Ji-Hwoon;Koh, Jae-Sook;Park, Deok-Hoon;Lee, Jong-Sung;Jung, Eun-Sun
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.32 no.2 s.57
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    • pp.123-127
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    • 2006
  • In this study, we evaluated the crow's fret of 95 Korean female by using mechanical assessments; Skin-Visiometer SV 600 and Dermascan C. Transparency profilometry (Skin Visiometer) were using a very thin skin print which allowed parallel light to pass through and was analysed immediately after production. High-frequency (20 MHz) ultrasonography (Dermascan C) enabled non-invasive evaluation in skin thickness and echodensity. We found a correlation between skin roughness and dermal density. Particularly, we showed a significant correlation between skin roughness (R2) and dermal thickness. Also, we demostrated a significant negative correlation between dermal density and dermal thickness (p < 0.05). Therefore, the ultrasonography system might be considered a very useful method in wrinkle evaluation with the transparency profilometry. Further study will be required.

Antioxidative Activities of Extracts from Dried Citrus sunki and C. unshiu Peels (진귤 및 온주밀감 진피의 항산화 활성)

  • Hyon, Jae-Seok;Kang, Sung-Myung;Senevirathne, Mahinda;Koh, Won-Joon;Yang, Tai-Suk;Oh, Myung-Cheol;Oh, Chang-Kyung;Jeon, You-Jin;Kim, Soo-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2010
  • This study was carried out to investigate total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidative activities of the methanol extracts from dried Citrus sunki and C. unshiu peels. The dried C. sunki peels displayed higher total polyphenol and flavonoid contents for older dried peels. In contrast, the dried C. unshiu peels displayed higher total polyphenol contents for more recently dried and displayed high total flavonoid contents by order of 2007, 2008 and 2006. DPPH radical scavenging activities of dried C. sunki peels were high by order of 2007 (0.25 mg/mL exception), 2006 and 2008, but C. unshiu peels could not confirm clear regularity. In particular, the dried C. sunki (2008, exception) and C. unshiu peels displayed very high activities of more than 86% in 1.0 mg/mL. Alkyl radical scavenging activities of dried C. sunki peels were higher for older dried peels (2007, 1.0 mg/mL exception), and that of dried C. unshiu peels were higher for more recently dried in below 0.5 mg/mL but were higher for older peels in 1.0 mg/mL. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of dried C. sunki peels were higher for older peels (2007, 2.5 mg/mL exception), on the other hand, dried C. unshiu were higher for more recently dried. In particular, dried C. unshiu peels displayed high activities of more than 85% in 2.5 mg/mL. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of dried C. sunki and C. unshiu peels displayed low activities compared to other reactive oxygen species as the range of $49.9\pm2.2\sim63.5\pm0.9$% in 1.0 mg/mL.

A Study on the properties of hot water extracts of Korean dried tangerine peel and development of beverage by using it (국내산 진피열수추출물의 특성과 진피 음료 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 민성희;박희옥;오혜숙
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to develop a traditional functional beverage by using hot-water extraction of dried peels of Korean tangerine. The pH of the hot-water extracts of dried tangerine peels decreased as the extraction time increased. The acidity and viscosity of the extracts increased as the extraction time increased. The antioxidative activity of the extracts during the extraction was monitored by measuring the electron donating ability. The electron donating abilities of the extracts were in the range of 80.93-83.27%. Extraction time did not affect the antioxidative activity of the extracts. The fibrinolytic activity of the extracts increased as the extraction time increased. The pH of the beverage made with the peel extract was not affected by the extraction time and the kind of sweetener added. The viscosity of the beverage increased as the extraction time increased. In sensory evaluation the highest score was obtained in the beverage samples made with the ones extracted for 180 min and added with sugar. The aboveresults indicate that the dried peel of Korean tangerine can be used as a functional material in beverage industry.

Anti-Oxidant Effect and Anti-Inflammatory of Fermented Citrus unshiu Peel Extract by using Schizophyllum commune (치마버섯을 이용한 진피 발효 배양물의 항산화 및 항염 효과)

  • Song, Min-Hyeon;Bae, Jun-Tae;Ko, Hyun-Ju;Jang, Yong-Man;Lee, Jong-Dae;Lee, Geun-Soo;Pyo, Hyeong-Bae
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.351-356
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    • 2011
  • Citrus unshiu (C. unshiu) Markovich were dried peel of mandarin orange, of which fresh fruit was one of the famous foods in Korea and Eastern Asia. In the oriental medicine, C. unshiu peel was known to have a diuretic effect and to strengthen spleen function. Recently, natural flavonoids of C. unshiu peel have been investigated. In this study, C. unshiu peel extract containing flavonoid-glycosides was cultured with Schizophyllum commune (S. commune) mycelia producing ${\beta}$-glu- cosidase and its biological activities were investigated. ${\beta}$-glucosidase of S. commune mycelia converted the flavonoid-glycosides (rutin and hesperidin) into aglycones (naringenin and hesperetin). Fermented C. unshiu peel extract compounds were analyzed by HPLC system. The photoprotective potential of fermented C. unshiu peel extract was tested in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) exposed to UVA. Fermented C. unshiu peel extract extract also showed notable in vitro anti-inflammatory effect on cellular systems generating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) metabolites. Also, UVB-induced production of interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ in human HaCaT cells was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with fermented C. unshiu peel extract. These results suggest that fermented C. unshiu peel extract may mitigate the effects of photoaging in skin by reducing UV-induced adverse skin reaction.

Seasonal Change of the Skin Morphology of Muddy Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus(Cobitidae) from Korea (계절변화에 따른 한국산 미꾸리, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus 피부의 조직학적 연구)

  • Oh, Min-Gi;Park, Jong-Young
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.90-96
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    • 2008
  • The histological morphology on the skin of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was described in the three regions such as dorsal, lateral, occiput and subsequently morphological variations of the skin were monthly observed for a year. The skin consisted of epidermis having epithelial cell, club cell and mucus cell, and dermis of mainly connective tissue fiber, embedded scale and blood capillary. Unicellular mucus cells situated at the epidermis underwent seasonal change in its size, as well as number and amounts of mucus-secreting materials, which they greatly increased in winter, but did not in summer. As it is getting cold, the mucus cells' shape changed from initial spherical to oval or elongated form. Such considerable changes in the mucus cell were particularly most evident in the occiput during winter. Moreover, the dermis largely thickened about 2~3 times in winter than in summer. Based on these results, we discussed function for the mucus on what it mainly acts in nature and information on whether mucus cells' seasonal variations affect on hibernation and cutaneous respiration.

Stimulation of the Extracellular Matrix Production in Dermal Fibroblasts by Areca catechu Extract (진피섬유모세포에서 대복피추출물의 세포외기질 합성 촉진 효과)

  • Lee, Min-Ho;Kim, Hyung-Jin;Jung, Hyun-Ah;Lee, Young-Keun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.1857-1862
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    • 2013
  • Dermal fibroblasts produce the many components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that are needed to maintain connective tissue integrity and repair tissue injuries. This study investigated the effects of Areca catechu extract (ACE) on dermal fibroblast cell activation. Cultured human dermal fibroblasts were treated with ACE, and then ECM production was determined by ELISA, Western blot and RT-PCR. ACE significantly accelerated the production of type 1 collagen, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$ by ELISA and type 1 collagen by Western blot assay. ACE also increased the gene expression of COL1A1, TGF-${\beta}1$, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and insulin growth factor (IGF)-1. These results suggest that ACE has the potential to stimulate ECM production and that it might be suitable for maintaining skin texture.

Effects of Citrus Peel Ethanol Extract on the Serum Lipid and Body Fat of High-fat-diet-fed Rats (고지방식이를 섭취한 흰쥐에서 진피 에탄올추출물이 혈청지질 및 체지방에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Chang-Ho;Jung, Hee-Kyoung;Jeong, Yoo-Seok;Hong, Joo-Heon;Lee, Gee-Dong;Park, Chi-Deok
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.567-574
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    • 2011
  • In this work, the major flavonoid content of citrus peel ethanol extract and the changes in the serum lipid and body fat of high-fat-diet-fed rats were examined. The subjects were divided into four groups: the normal, control, O1 (0.1% citrus peel ethanol extract), and O5 (0.5% citrus peel ethanol extract) groups. The experimental groups (O1 and O5) were fed a high-fat diet mixed with 0.1 and 0.5% citrus peel ethanol extract, respectively, for 10 weeks. The results of the analysis showed that the main ingredients of the flavonoid in the citrus peel ethanol extract (60 brix) were $38.21{\pm}1.37$ mg/g hesperidin and $15.02{\pm}0.48$ mg/g narirutin. With regard to the changes in the serum total-cholesterol level, compared with the control group's $79.1{\pm}4.6$ mg/dL, the serum total-cholesterol levels of the O1 and O5 groups were significantly lowered to $64.6{\pm}5.4$ and $59.5{\pm}4.7$ mg/dL, respectively. As for the changes in the LDL-cholesterol level, compared with the control group's $18.4{\pm}3.7$ mg/dL, the LDL-cholesterol levels of the O1 and O5 groups were significantly lowered to $13.0{\pm}3.6$ and $13.0{\pm}1.9$ mg/dL, respectively. For the changes in the serum triglyceride level, compared with the control group's $74.5{\pm}13.2$ mg/dL, the serum triglyceride level of the O5 group was significantly lowered to $48.6{\pm}11.2$ mg/dL. Finally, with regard to the changes in body fat, compared with the control group, the 05 group showed a significant decrease. In conclusion, it was observed that citrus peel ethanol extract was effective in lowering the total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of high-fat-diet-fed rats.