• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 1984

Proximate, calcium, phosphorus and amino acid composition were determined for sardine fish meal (SM), herring fish meal (HM), anchovy fish meal (AM), alaskapolack by-product meal (ABM) and file fish by-product meal (FBM) produced domestically. These fish protein sources were fed to adult male of meat type (Waren G) broiler chicks to determine the true availability of amino acids. The true availability of essential amino acids were closely related to various fish meals with a few exceptions (e.g. valine, methionine, isoleucine and leucine). Average true availability of essential amino acids (9 amino acids) were 95, 93, 93, 91 and 91 percent for AM, SM, FBM; HM and ABM, respectively. Significant differences in the true availability of each individual amino acid were observed among fish meal tested (P＜0.01). Lysine availability was low in HM, ABM and FBM whereas phenylalanine was the lowest in FBM and ABM, respectively. AM showed the highest true amino acid availability among all fish meal tested.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.189-196
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• 1993

True amino acid availability (TAAA) and true metabolizable energy(TME) values of 8 protein feedstuffs were determined by feeding three roosters exactly 30g of each protein feedstuff after 36h of fasting. From each rooster excreta were collected for 36 h. TAAA were significantly(P<0.01) different among protein feedstuffs. TAAA was highest in fish meal(96.1%), followed by corn gluten(91.2%), rapeseed meal(88.8%), soybean meal(88.7%), meat meal(87.2%), canola meal(86.1%), cottonseeed meal(82.6%) and feather meal(82.5%). Available Iysine values obtained by TAAA method were highly correlated(P<0.01) with those obtained by chick bioassay(CBA) and FDNB method. TME was highest in corn gluten(4,011kcal/kg, as fed basis), followed by fish meal(3,906), feather meal(3,098), soybean meal(3,007), meat and bone meal(2,631), canola meal(2,326), cottonseed meal(2,246) and rapeseed meal(2,120).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.737-744
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• 2007

An experiment was conducted to compare the ME values of imported corns measured by In vivo(TME) and In vitro(MEn, ME and MEpc) methods and to investigate the true amino acid availability(TAAA) and the true nutrient availability(TNA) of imported corns. For TME assay, twenty four 57-weeks-old Hy-Line roosters were assigned to fasting group(4 roosters) and four corn groups(5 roosters each): USA; corn produced in the United States, ARG; corn produced in Argentina, CHN; regular corn produced in China, CHNP; premium corn produced in China. The MEn, ME and MEpc values were determined by equations based on chemical analysis. The TME value of USA(3,745kcal/kg) in as fed basis was significantly (P<0.01) higher than ARG(3,555kcal/kg) and CHNP(3,518kcal/kg) but was not significantly different from CHN(3,671kcal/kg). The TME value of USA(4,144kcal/kg) in DM basis was not significantly different from CHN(4,060kcal/kg) and CHNP(4,008kcal/kg) but was significantly(P<0.05) higher than ARG(4,001kcal/kg). There were significant differences in TAAA of phenylalanine, histidine and arginine among imported corns. Those of USA were highest but overall TAAA was not significantly different among imported corns. True availability of NFE of USA, ARG and CHN was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that of CHNP. However, true availability of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and crude ash were not significantly different among corns. The correlation coefficient between TME and MEn value was 0.91 which was significant at P<0.1 but correlation coefficient between TME and ME value and between TME and MEpc value was 0.90 and 0.83, respectively which was not significant at P<0.1. In conclusion, US corn was highest in TME values and Chinese premium corn was not significantly different from regular Chinese corn. The MEn value obtained by equation based on chemical analysis may be used as a tool to evaluate TME value of corn.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.255-263
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• 2004

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the feeding values of sesame oil meal (SOM) and to investigate the effects of its dietary supplementation on egg production in laying hens. In experiment I, the values of true metabolizable energy (TME), nitrogen corrected true metabolizable energy (TMEn) and true amino acid availability (TAAA) were determined by force-feeding 16 ISA-Brown roosters and collecting the total excreta from the birds, The TME and TMEn of SOM were 2.30 and 1.99 kcal/g, respectively, and the average TAAA of 15 amino acids was $76.93\%$. In experiment 2, a total of ninety, 48 weeks old ISA-Brown layer were randomly divided into 9 groups of 10 birds each and assigned to three experimental diets containing 0, 5 and $10\%$ SOM for 4 weeks (30 birds per treatment). The inclusion of SOM into laying hen diets at the 5 and $10\%$ level did not affect production and quality of egg. The C18:3 $\omega$3 content of egg yolks in the $10\%$ SOM group was higher than the other groups, but not significantly. There were no adverse effects on blood parameters in layers fed treated diets containing $5\%$ or $10\%$ SOM, The results indicate that SOM can be used for layers diet up to $10\%$ without any significant negative effects on egg production and quality.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 2012

To investigate the effects of dietary substituent of corn distiller's dries grains with solubles (CDDGS) on the amino acid digestibility of broiler diet, twenty four Ross broilers (6-wk-old) were used in this study. Basal diet (CP 19%, ME 3,150 kcal/kg) was formulated on corn-soybean meal and two levels of CDDGS (6 and 12%) were supplemented to basal diet. CDDDS levels (0, 6 and 12%) and 4 different sites of chicken intestines (distal end of jejunum, the middle part of the ileum, the distal end of ileum and the distal end of the rectum) were evaluated factorial as $3{\times}4$ three arrangement. Statistical analysis did not show any significant interaction between dietary treatments and the sites of the intestines in amino acid digestibility (P>0.05). There was no significant difference among the sites of chicken intestines in the digestibility (P<0.05). The digestibility of lysine (essential amino acid) and glycine (non-essential amino acid) decreased at increasing supplementation of CDDGS (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on the digestibility of other amino acids studied. In conclusion, the result of this work showed that CDDGS can use as alternative resources in broiler diets.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.381-389
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (CDDGS) in broiler diet on ileal amino acid digestibility and broiler performance. In experiment 1, TMEn of CGGDS ranged from 2,863 to 2,976 kcal/kg and averaged 2,904 kcal/kg on an 86% DM basis. In experiment 2, 192 male Ross broilers (one-day-old) were assigned randomly to 4 dietary treatment groups (12 birds/pen, 4 pens/treatment) as CDDGS levels (0, 6, 12 and 18%) and fed experimental diets for 6 weeks (starter ($0{\sim}2wk$); grower ($2{\sim}4wk$); finisher ($4{\sim}6wk$)). There was no difference in BWG of the chicks. However, feed intake and feed efficiency of chicks fed with non CDDGS groups were better than those of chicks fed with CDDGS fed groups (P<0.05). The amino acid digestibilities of diets containing CDDGS were high for phosphorus but low for lysine, threonine, aspartic acid, cystine and glycine (P<0.05) in the treatments compared to those of the control diet. This study showed that CDDGS has a high ME value and the treatments were low for the ileal amino acid digestibility, but there was no effect on the broiler performances.