• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.818-823
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• 2001

Because the exhaust emissions from automobiles are increased, our environment is faced with very serious problems related to the air pollution in these days. In particular, the exhaust emissions of diesel engine are recognized main cause which influenced environment strong. Lots of researcher have been attempted to develop various alternative fuel on purpose to reduce these harmful emissions. In this study, the potential possibility of esterfied rice bran oil which is a kind of biodiesel fuel was investigated as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. And, we tried to analysis not only total hydrocarbon but hydrocarbon components from $C_1$ to $C_6$ in exhaust gas using gas chromatography to seek the reason for remarkable reduction of exhaust emission. Individual hydrocarbon$(C_1\simC_6)$ as well as total hydrocarbon of biodiesel fuel is reduced remarkably than that of diesel fuel in this experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.22-31
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• 1977

A general equation by which the Hessian matrix of an error function can be determined directly, has been derived. It was verified to be useful in optimization processes that include the Hessian matrix. A few design examples had shown that this method had accelerated the processes of finding the minimums. The advantage of this technique is the possibility of optimizing functions that composed of both the phases and magnitudes.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.8-13
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• 1999

키틴/키토산은 지질흡수의 억제, 혈중 콜레스테롤의 저하, 항고혈압활성, 면역활성, 항종양/항암활성 등 다양한 생체기능성을 나타내어 건강지향적인 기능성 식품으로서의 이용가치가 매우 큰것으로 평가되고 있다. 키토산은 성인남자의 혈중 콜레스테롤을 감소시키고 HDL cholesterol은 증가시켜 동맥경화지수를 낮추며 비만환자에게 투여시 체중, 중성지질, LDL cholesterol을 유의하게 낮춤으로서 고지혈증과 비만증의 개선에 유용한 것으로 평가된다. 키토산은 또한 성인의 고염식에 의한 혈압상승을 억제하며 3량체 내외의 키틴/키토산 올리고당은 혈압상승의 중요인자인 angiotensin converting enzyme과 직접 반응하여 활성을 현저히 저하시키고 SHR에서의 혈압을 유의하게 억제하는 특성을 보여 고혈압의 억제 및 치료에도 응용가치가 클 것으로 생각된다. 키틴/키토산 및 그 올리고당은 sarcoma 180, Meth-A solid tumor의 성장을 저해하고 L1210와 같은 negative charge를 갖는 malignant cell을 흡착시키는 등 항종양/항암활성을 보이는데 이는 tumoricidal immunocite의 활성화에 의한 것으로 추정되고 있다. 키틴/키토산의 생체활성은 분자크기, 탈아세틸화도, 유도체의 종류 및 적용방법 등에 따라 차이를 보이기 때문에 키틴/키토산을 기능성 식품으로서 폭넓게 이용하게 위해서는 용도에 맞는 적절한 규격 설정이 요구되고 있다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1E
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• pp.64-70
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• 1994

Predictive neural network models are powerful speech recognition models based on a nonlinear pattern prediction. But those models suffer from poor discrimination between acoustically similar words. In this paper we propose an discriminative training algorithm for predictive neural network models. This algorithm is derived from GPD (Generalized Probabilistic Descent) algorithm coupled with MCEF(Minimum Classification Error Formulation). It allows direct minimization of a recognition error rate. Evaluation of our training algoritym on ten Korean digits shows its effectiveness by 30% reduction of recognition error.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.40-42
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• 2005

1990년대 중반 이후 위치 기반 서비스에 대한 활용이 증가되면서 이동 객체를 효과적으로 저장, 관리하기 위한 않은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 미래 위치를 검색하기 위한 시공간 색인 구조에서 계속적인 이동 객체의 위치 변화를 효과적인 갱신하기 위한 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 갱신 기법은 이동 객체의 위치 변화에 따른 색인 구조의 재구성 시간을 감소시키기 위해 전통적인 공간 분할 방식의 색인 구조를 변형한다. 이동 객체의 위치 변화를 처리하기 위해 보조 색인 구조를 통해 단말 노드를 직접 접근하여 상향식으로 갱신을 수행한다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.324-331
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• 1973

We study a mixture of ideal gases by use of recently developed methods in continuum thermodynamics of irreversible processes. A complete form of the free energy function and the gas law for each component are derived directly from an entropy production inequality by assuming that: (1) Constitutive functions depend on the mass densities, the diffusion velocities, the temperature and its gradient only. (2) Phenomenological coefficients appearing in an extra entropy flux are material constants. (3) The internal energy density per unit mass is independent of the total mass density (Joule).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a method for calculation of the length of watermarks to be inserted in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain for the specified peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of still image. Using the energy relationship of the DCT we derive the equation that directly computes the length of watermarks to be inserted in the DCT domain. Experimental results with several test images show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.2-8
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• 1967

A method is illustrated for minimizing the number of internal states in incompletely specified sequential networks. The starting point for minimizing technique in this paper is the set of maximal compatibility classes which covers the original flow table and the minimal covering can be obtained directly by employing three rules. The reduction techniques for prime implicant table or covering and closure table are not employed in this paper. Although the minimizing technique is applied to some specific problems, it is believed that the concepts are general in nature and can be applied to any type of incompletely specified flow tables.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1630-1634
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• 2010

장기간 강우자료 또는 우량주상도는 시간에 따른 강우량의 자료로 구성된다. 장기간의 여러 강우사상들을 각각의 독립적인 강우사상으로 분리하기 위해서는 각 강우사상의 시작점과 끝을 구별할 수 있는 기준이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 산지지역에서의 강우사상을 구별하기 위한 무강우 시간을 살펴보기 위하여 기상청의 1973년부터 2008년까지의 총 36년간의 자료에 대하여 통계학적 방법인 자기상관계수와 변동계수를 이용한 무강우시간을 도출하여 보았으며, 별도로 우기시 강우자료만을 이용하여서도 살펴보았다. 또한, 유출특성에 의한 무강우시간 도출을 위하여 산지지역의 수위자료를 활용하여 직접유출 특성에 의한 무강우시간 또는 강우사상간 시간을 살펴볼 수 있었으며, 산정된 결과를 바탕으로 누가강우량 및 강우지속시간과의 상관관계식을 유도할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

For a member subjected to direct shear forces, forces are transferred across interface concrete area and resisted by shear transfer capacity. Shear-friction equations in recent concrete structural design provisions are derived from experimental test results where shear-friction capacity is defined as a function of steel reinforcement area contained in the interface. This empirical equation gave too conservative values for concrete members with large amounts of reinforcement. This paper presents a method to evaluate shear transfer strengths and to define ultimate conditions which result in crushing of concrete struts after yielding of longitudinal reinforcement perpendicular to the interface concrete. This method is based on the bi-axial stress field theory where different constitutive laws are applied in various means to gain accurate shear strengths by considering softening effects of concrete struts based on the modified compression-field theory and the softened truss model. The validity of the proposed method is examined by applying to some selected test specimens in literatures and results are compared with recent design code provisions. A general agreement is observed between predicted and measured values at ultimate loading stages in initially uncracked normal-strength concrete test.