• Water for future
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.20-24
• /
• 1994

지하수 자원의 효율적인 이용과 보전을 위하여 필수적인 합리적인 수질감시를 위하여 지하수 수질 감시 사업의 계획수립 방법, 감시정 설치 방법, 지하수 수질 시료채취 방법 및 대수층 시험방법 등에 대하여 간단하게 소개하였으며, 또, 감시정 설치와 시료채취시에 필요한 장비 및 소모품 목록과, 시료 채취 장비의 종류와 특징을 소개하였다. 앞으로 지하수 관련 분야에 종사하는 분들에게 조금이라도 도움이 되었으면 하는 마음이다.

• KCID journal
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.60-70
• /
• 1994

지하수 자원의 효율적인 이용과 보전을 위하여 필수적인 지하수의 합리적 관리와 수질보호 및 감시를 위하여 지하수 관리방안과 수질보호 및 감시기법을 소개하였다. 먼저 지하수의 근원과 분류, 우리나라의 지하수 부존량과 사용량에 대하여 소개하였고, 특히 우리나라에서는 아직 생소한 지하수 오염방지 및 원상회복 기법과 감시정 설치 방법, 지하수 수질 시료채취 방법 및 대수층 시험방법 등에 대하여 소개하였다. 또, 감시정 설치와 시료채취시에 필요한 장비 및 소모품

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2003

Two types of ground-water sampling techniques for CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) analysis, the cold-welded copper tube method and flame-sealed borosilicate glass ampule method, were compared and evaluated. CFCs concentrations by the copper tube method showed a poor reproducibility among triplicates whereas those by the glass ampule method showed a good agreement and relative standard deviations of triplicates were less than 5%. The poor reproducibility of the copper tube method appears to be attributed to the incomplete sealing in connection between faucets of wellhead and the sampling apparatus. The copper tube method also showed higher CFCs concentrations than the glass ampule method, which is more pronounced for CFC-11 than for CFC-12. The plastic tubings and rubber gasket of faucets in case of the copper tube method possibly contaminated the samples with CFC-11 and CFC-12. The potential of CFCs contamination for the glass ampule method was eliminated by using stainless steel and Nylon only and by connecting the sampling equipment directly to the main discharge pipe of wellhead. The validity of the glass ampule method were also verified by detecting very low level of CFCs for the ground-water sample which is old enough to have negligible CFCs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.223-227
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 과거 주요소로 사용되었던 유류오염 현장에서 BTEX의 오염 현황과 자연저감기법을 통해 저감되는 BTEX 양을 계산하였다. 일정 시간 간격으로 시료를 채취, 분석한 결과, 2곳에서 NAPL이 존재하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 조사 지역은 지하수 흐름방향에 따라 3개의 단면으로 나눈 후 각각의 단면을 통과하는 mass flux를 계산하였다. 약 40일정도 지난 후 BTEX 양은 각각 20.2%, 33.5%, 그리고 25.4% 감소되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 2004.09a
• /
• pp.104-107
• /
• 2004

지반오염을 조사하기 위해서는 시추작업을 통하여 시료를 채취하는 방법이 일반적이지만, 실시간으로 원위치에서 다양한 오염물질들의 오염도 변화를 체계적으로 모니터링하는 것은 대단히 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 Frequency Domain Reflectometry(FDR) 장비를 고안하여 지반의 유류오염을 파악하기 위한 유전율 측정법의 실험적 접근을 시도하였다. 구체적으로 포화 및 불포화 매질에 대한 오염도의 측정 및 오염도와 체적함수비의 관계를 측정하여 유전율 반응으로부터 매질의 물성치를 파악할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.419-443
• /
• 2007

Recently, the branch-out of foreign companies into domestic markets through M&A and the opened followed by the Free Trade Agreement(FTA) with America have made the environmental site assessments of specific site more necessary. In this study, through case study of conducting actual environmental site assessment by use of a toolbox approach at a large scale of chemical plant with various contaminants located in a coastal area, the problems of guideline of domestic environmental assessment of soil were complemented. And an efficient and economical assessment was achieved. All six steps such as basic investigation, environmental site history survey, sampling and analysis, installation of monitoring wells and hydrogeological survey, and data interpretation were conducted in this study. All results of document survey, geological lineament analysis, field geology survey of surrounding area, geophysical prospecting of the site, hydraulic conductivity, measurement of groundwater flow rate and direction, sampling and analysis at each step were associated and estimated as an integrated tool box approach. As a consequence of this study, toolbox approaches were very useful techniques for contamination level and site characterization of subsurface media. The given conditions to conduct a basic survey for domestic soil environment assessment of site by use of existing documents, as well as interviews with the owner/manager/user of all adjacent properties and thorough review of all practically reviewable records pertaining to the property and surrounding properties within "Guideline for Soil Environment Assessment" radii are very poor. As a result, the application of toolbox approach in the environment site assessment of site is not only more efficient and economical, but also could be very useful assessment to integrate the soil and groundwater contamination.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.175-192
• /
• 2001

We have collected hydrogeochemical data of shallow groundwaters in the Uljin area located at eastern coastal area of Korea. Geostatistical analysis (ANOVA test, cluster analysis, and factor analysis) of the collected data sets was pert'onned, in order to evaluate both the spatial and/or temporal variation of water quality data and the groundwater contamination, as weJl as the principal reactions occurring in the aquifer. Results of the ANOVA test show that regional water chemistry are not significantly changed spatially in eight watersheds. However, some ions such as $Ca^{2+}$, $HCO_{3}^{-}$ and $SO_{4}^{2-}$ show a meaningful watershed variation. Water chemistry variation according to sampling time (season) is not shown, except for $SO_{4}^{2-}$. The cluster analysis shows that significant water chemistry variation is eXplained by the distance from the coast. Factor analysis indicates that the water chemistry is changed according to various factors as follows: in the order of decreasing importance, water-rock interaction (mainly, carbonate dissolution), sea-salt spraying, and then contamination by fertilizers and agrochemicals.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2010

Most of contaminated groundwater in the study area was contaminated by $NO_3-N$ due to inflow of contaminated shallow surface groundwater inflow into groundwater well. Poor grouting and teared screen have increased contaminated shallow surface groundwater inflow into groundwater well. Contaminated shallow surface groundwater was inflowed into groundwater well throughout faults, joints and fracture zone of ESE-WNW, NNW, NW-SE and NS direction. The objective of this paper is to evaluate an improvement of water quality for contaminated groundwater by $NO_3-N$ using compression packer. For this study groundwater samples collected from 46 groundwater wells were analyzed to clarify $NO_3-N$ contents. Groundwater wells over 10 mg/L in $NO_3-N$ content is 9 wells showing 20% among total samples. $NO_3-N$ contents after compression packer installation showed 26~81% low value compared with before compression packer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 2001.04a
• /
• pp.98-103
• /
• 2001

In order to understand the characteristics of leachate at the Seokdae municipal waste landfill in the Pusan city, the correlation between leachate pollution loading and volume of gas production. concentration of gas and subsidence of ground, the characteristical methos, geochemical analyses and laboratory column tests using samples of gases, leachate and surface soil of Seokdae waste landfill area. Through the analysis of water balance, leachate flow rate and pollution loading were estimated. Geistatistical analysis of four gas components ( $O_2$, C $H_4$, $H_2$S and CO) shows the possibility of ground subsidence around the group of a site with high concentration of gas. From geochemical analyses of leachate, EC and Total-Alkalinity of ground subsidence around the group of a site with high concentration of gas. From geochemical analysis of leachate, Ec and Total-Alkalinity were increased, and Cl, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were decreassed comparing to the part, and the type of water quality was Na-HC $O_3$ in trilinear diagram. It shows that biodecomposition of municipal wastes continues actively. From the analysis of water balance, the total leachate flow rate is about 465.11㎥/day and pure pollution loading of Cl, Mn and Fe are estimated to 223.8kg/day, 0.2kg/day, 0.3kg/day, respectively. The laboratory column test of residual soil and landfill soil shows 0.206cm and 0.019cm for linear velocity(equation omitted), 0.234 $\textrm{cm}^2$/min and 0.018$\textrm{cm}^2$/min for diffusion coefficient ( $D_{ι}$), and 1.136cm and 0.095cm longitudinal dispersion index ($\alpha$$_{ι}$), respective]y. It demonstrates that the delay time of contamination for residual soil is shorter than that of landfill soil.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.499-508
• /
• 2019

Based on the preliminary surveys for the occurrences of the Muwellut chrome-nickel mineralized zone ($800km^2$) in northwestern Myanmar, Bophivum area was selected as the detailed exploration area after considering data source, geological potential, metallogenic province, necessity of resource development on target mineral, exploration activity, grade, ore deposit type, nearby operating mine, infrastructure and exploration prediction effect. From 2013 to 2016, KIGAM and DGSE carried out geological and geochemical survey with 1:1,000 scale, magnetic survey(areal extent, $1.672km^2$), trench survey(19 trench, total length 392 m), pitting survey(18 pit, total depth 42.6m), exploration drilling(6holes 600m, 2015; 13holes 617.4m). We analyzed Cr and Ni contents of 77 drill cores with specific gravity in Yangon DGSE analytical center. Considering surface geological survey, geochemical exploration, magnetic survey, trench survey and drilling data, we divided Bophivum area into 8 blocks. Resource estimation are divided into measured and indicated resources. Measured resource is about 9,790t and indicated resource is about 12,080t with the average grade of Cr 11.8% and Ni 0.34%. In case of Bophivum area, if we develop by tying up Webula chrome mineralized zone in the south, it will be possible to upgrade the medium-scale mine. Geologically, the ophiolite belt are distributed in the western and eastern part in Myanmar. So, the exploration technology obtained from exploation in Bophivum area will be helpful to discover the hidden chromitite ore body in Myanmar ophiolite belt in the future.