• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.72-79
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• 2010

The significant of continuous welded rail (CWR) management is growing because KORAIL has the plan to convert the whole of conventional railway lines into CWRs through continuous activities since constructed the CWR track with 1.8km in Gyeongbu line in 1966. The CWR recently is needed a efficient management method because it is difficult to manage the CWR by the poor of technic and equipment, limited maintain labor force and shorted the maintain work time of CWR caused by industrialization, greenhouse effect and global warming In this point, The 70ton Tenser's which is using in the rail site has been analysised with no extra tenser's capacity in case of the under low temperature and exceed the length of 1km as a result of reviewing the CWR-related rules and standards, a series of records of safety accidents, operation obstacles, and the situation of broken rails published by KORAIL, existing rail temperature measurements, and CWR researches. Therefore avoid the excessive plan of the first set-up section, choice the proper time in the normal temperature that is possible to weld the rail, turning the difference of rail temperature and Installation temperature down is desirable.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.155-162
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of study was to identify problems in disaster recovery resource management and operation through on-site investigation and utilize them as improvement proposal for disaster recovery resources management by local governments. Method: Areas with high natural and social disasters recorded in historical and yearly records of natural and social disasters, related books, and annual reports for 20 years were selected. The DRSS data of the selected local governments were analyzed and the reserve warehouse were selected for field survey. Result: It is analyzed that the current situation in the city hall and district offices is somewhat insufficient due to heavy work by the working-level officials of local governments on the storage of disaster recovery resources. The actual amount of stockpiles and DRSS data are somewhat different or missing because the input method and criteria are not clear at present when inputting the current data. Conclusion: To improve the management of the disaster recovery resource reserve, it is deemed that education of DRSS and training of best practices for the operation of disaster management resources are urgently needed, and that a systematic management of stockpiles using disaster prevention experts will be required.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.191-219
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• 2020

This paper aims to identify the key features of the novel writing of Korean American immigrants and their meaning as one aspect of movement and contact occuring in the early modern period. The late return of the novels written by Nakcheong THUN in the 1930s is significant in that it restored ideas on the diversity of early modern mobility and confronted the history and culture of immigrants who were excluded from records and memories. Not only are these novels a product of the phenomenon of immigration, but they have also created a crack in the dichotomous perceptions of domination and subordination, center and periphery by envisioning it as a space that creates new history, culture, institutions and values. These novels treat the free love of intellectual, emotional, and ethical figures as a central event, demystifying Western free love, and at the same time, a society divided by various identities including class, race, and gender. The novels by Nakchung THUN visualize the active exchange between the immigrant and the indigenous community through the character of Jack, and imagines the heterotopia as a place where not for the immigrants' utopia, but for everyone's coexists. These novels have declared a kind of memory war on the subordinate and marginalized contact zones. The contact zones of the immigration area had been a place for experiencing extreme conflicts and discords, and at the same time, it has served as a place where various groups and communities are connected. The contact zones were common areas of solidarity and creation before being subject to division and occupation. The contact zones are far from the border or borderlands, so it is not a fixed and immutable deadlock. As a world free from central domination the contact zones have been a space that preoccupied history and culture through various encounters, and have been a community.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.182-188
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• 2011

Excess sugar intake by food consumption may contribute to the development of diabetes, dental caries, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the sugar intake from meals at nursery schools in Gyeonggi-Do, and to construct a database for reduction policies sugar intake. A total of 601 samples were analyzed for sugar intake in summer and winter, respectively. The average sugar intake from food service was 2.22 g/meal, which was 5% of the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI). Furthermore, the analysis results of sugar content were in the decreasing order of fruits (5.05 g/100 g), fried food (2.92 g/100 g), and braised food (2.31 g/100 g). The habit of excessive sugar intake in childhood can be threaten health in adulthood. Thus, it is necessary for nursery school children to consume schoolmeals that contain less sugar.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.10-14
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• 1999

A single phase composter was constructed by modifying the conventional mixer of sawdust for the cultivation of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The machine was designed on the basis of 3-phase-1 system which was controlled in prewetting, pasteurization and fermentation processes. In composting 200 kg of straw and cotton waste in the machine, it took 20 minutes in prewetting step and also to hours at $65^{\circ}C$ in pasteurization process. Postfermentation by aerothermophiles was completed by treating the compost at $45^{\circ}C-50^{\circ}C$ for 48 hours which was shorten 24 hours from the conventional method. In the postfermentation at high temperature, forced aeration and/or vigorous mixing process(es) played a great role in the improvement of spawn quality. The growth of mycelium of oyster mushroom was excellent in the culture combinated with 3 parts of surface inoculation and 7 parts of mechanical mixing.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2016

At present, summer cloudburst and local torrential rainfalls have increased in this country, because of climatic change. Therefore, studies on prevention of soil loss have been actively proceeded, and Korea Forest Service has offered landslide hazard map. Landslide hazard map divides risks into 5 classes, by giving weight with 9 kinds of elements. In August 25 2014, soil loss occurred in the whole Oryun Tunnel, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, because of local torrential heavy rain. As a result of comparing with landslide hazard map, the area where soil loss occurred in reality is a safety zone on hazard map. Rainfall, soil map, geological map, forest type map, gradient, drainage network, watershed, basin shape, and efflux of the whole Oryun Tunnel where soil loss occurred were analyzed. As a result of an analysis, it is judged that soil, forest type, much efflux and peak discharge, degree of water network and basin shape of a place where landslide occurred are causes of soil loss. It is judged that efflux, peak discharge, and basin shape by the localized rainfall that is not considered in landslide hazard map of them are the biggest causes of soil loss. It is judged that efflux, peak discharge, degree of water network and basin shape by the rainfall are important through a study on a causual analysis on soil loss in the whole Oryun Tunnel where is one of occurrence area where a lot of propertywere lost by the record local torrential rainfalls. A localized torrential downpour should be prepared by considering these elements on judgement of a landslide hazard area.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2005

Inversion of multi-mode surface-wave phase velocity for shallow engineering site investigation has received much attention in recent years. A sensitivity analysis and inversion of both synthetic and field data demonstrates the greater effectiveness of this method over employing the fundamental mode alone. Perturbation of thickness and shear-wave velocity parameters in multi-modal Rayleigh wave phase velocities revealed that the sensitivities of higher modes: (a) concentrate in different frequency bands, and (b) are greater than the fundamental mode for deeper parameters. These observations suggest that multi-mode phase velocity inversion can provide better parameter discrimination and imaging of deep structure, especially with a velocity reversal, than can inversion of fundamental mode data alone. An inversion of the theoretical phase velocities in a model with a low velocity layer at 20 m depth can only image the soft layer when the first higher mode is incorporated. This is especially important when the lowest measurable frequency is only 6 Hz. Field tests were conducted at sites surveyed by borehole and PS logging. At the first site, an array microtremor survey, often used for deep geological surveying in Japan, was used to survey the soil down to 35 m depth. At the second site, linear multichannel spreads with a sledgehammer source were recorded, for an investigation down to 12 m depth. The f-k power spectrum method was applied for dispersion analysis, and velocities up to the second higher mode were observed in each test. The multi-mode inversion results agree well with PS logs, but models estimated from the fundamental mode alone show f large underestimation of the depth to shallow soft layers below artificial fill.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.639-650
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• 2022

Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai, a rare plant with distylous characteristics, is native to certain parts of the Korean Peninsula. It is registered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as a globally endangered plant. This study was conducted to establish an appropriate local conservation management plan suitable for future A. distichum populations by comparing and analyzing the flowering characteristics and population size according to distyly based on the results of quantitative surveys in 14 regions, including 8 areas with native populations of A. distichum and 6 natural monument populations. The number of individuals appearing in each population group was surveyed, and the flowering individuals were identified by style as being either pin or thrum flower types as they were being examined and recorded on the site. In total, 13,130 individuals of A. distichum (7,003 flowering and 6,127 non-flowering individuals) were recorded, but the balance of the number of pin- and thrum-flowered individuals in each population was not significant (p<0.05), indicating an imbalanced state. In particular, the Yeongdong (YD) population was very disproportionate compared to other populations, suggesting that its genetic diversity was low and the possibility of inbreeding was high. The average flowering and fruiting rates by management unit were much higher in the natural monument populations (89.2% and 55.3%, respectively) than in the natural habitat populations (39.0% and 8.5%, respectively). It may be due to a difference in reproductive growth resulting from light inflow into the forest caused by the upper crown closure. The area of occupation (AOO) of A. distichum on the Korean Peninsula covered an area of 23,224.5 m². Although the natural monument population was smaller than the natural habitat population, its density was higher, likely as a result of the periodic management of natural monument populations, where the installation of protective facilities in certain areas restricts population spread. Conservation of A. distichum populations requires removing the natural monument populations suspected of anthropogenic and genetic disturbances and expanding the conservation priority population by designating new protected areas. Although the habitats of natural monument populations are managed by the Cultural Heritage Administration and local governments, there are no agencies that are responsible for managing natural habitat populations. Therefore, institutional improvement in the overall management of A. distichum should be prioritized.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.529-538
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• 2019

Typhoons can cause significant financial damage worldwide. For this reason, states, local governments and insurance companies attempt to quantify and mitigate the financial risks related to these natural disasters by developing a typhoon risk assessment model. As such, the importance of typhoon risk assessment models is increasing, and it is also important to reflect local vulnerabilities to enable sophisticated assessments. Although a practical study of economic losses associated with natural disasters has identified essential risk indicators, comprehensive studies covering the correlation between vulnerability and economic loss are still needed. The purpose of this study is to identify typhoon damage indicators and to develop evaluation indicators for typhoon damage prediction functions, utilizing the loses from Typhoon Maemi as data. This study analyzes actual loss records of Typhoon Maemi provided by local insurance companies to prepare for a scenario of maximum losses. To create a vulnerability function, the authors used the wind speed and distance from the coast and the total value of property, construction type, floors, and underground floor indicators. The results and metrics of this study provide practical guidelines for government agencies and insurance companies in developing vulnerability functions that reflect the actual financial losses and regional vulnerabilities of buildings.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2011

A multi-channel seismic reflection (MCS) survey was conducted in 2009 to explore the deep crustal structure of the Pacific Plate south of Hokkaido. The survey line happened to traverse a 250-km-wide Warm Core Ring (WCR), a current eddy that had been generated by the Kuroshio Extension. We attempted to use these MCS data to delineate the WCR fine structure. The survey line consists of two profiles: one with a shot interval of 200m and the other with a shot interval of 50 m. Records from the denser shot point line show much higher background noise than the records from the sparser shot point line. We identified the origin of this noise as acoustic reverberations between the sea surface, seafloor and subsurface discontinuities, from previous shots. Results showed that a prestack migration technique could enhance the signal buried in this background noise efficiently, if the sound speed information acquired from concurrent temperature measurements is available. The WCR is acoustically an assemblage of concave reflectors dipping inward, with steeper slopes (${\sim}2^{\circ}$) on th ocean side and gentler slopes (${\sim}1^{\circ}$) on the coastal side. Within the WCR, we recognised a 30-km-wide lens-shaped structure with reflectors on the perimeter.